First slide

Circulatory Pathways

Question

Compared to a normal individual, an athlete (at rest) has

Difficult

A

very high cardiac output
B

higher heart rate
C

lower stroke volume
D

lower heart rate

Solution

During strenuous activity, a well-trained athlete can achieve a cardiac output double that of a sedentary person, in part because training causes hypertrophy (enlargement) of the heart. Even though the heart of a well-trained athlete is larger, resting cardiac output is about the same as in a healthy untrained person, because stroke volume (volume of blood pumped by each beat of a ventricle) is increased while heart rate is decreased. The resting heart rate of a trained athlete oft en is only 40–60 beats per minute (resting bradycardia).

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