First slide

Disorders of the Excretory System

Question

In haemodialysis,

Moderate

A

anti-heparin is added immediately after drawing blood from the patient
B

heparin is added while pumping the blood back into the patient
C

nitrogenous wastes are present in the dialysing fluid
D

the removal of urea from blood is based on the concentration gradient.

Solution

Haemodialysis is a process that helps uremic patients. Blood drained from a convenient artery is pumped into a dialysing unit after adding an anticoagulant like heparin. The unit contains a coiled cellophane tube surrounded by a fluid (dialysing fluid) having the same composition as that of plasma except the nitrogenous wastes. The porous cellophane membrane of the tube allows the passage of molecules based on concentration gradient. As nitrogenous wastes are absent in the dialysing fluid, these substances freely move out, thereby clearing the blood. The cleared blood is pumped back to the body through a vein after adding anti-heparin to it.

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