Match the following and select the correct option.
| Column-I | Column-II | ||
| (a) | Predation | (i) | Cattle and egret |
| (b) | Commensalism | (ii) | Human and Plasmodium vivax |
| (c) | Parasitism | (iii) | Fungi and bacteria |
| (d) | Amensalism | (iv) | Cat and rat |
| a | b | c | d | |
| 1. | ii | i | iv | iii |
| 2. | i | iv | iii | ii |
| 3. | iv | i | ii | iii |
| 4. | iii | iv | ii | i |
Predation is the interaction where one organism (predator) kills the other organism (prey) to obtain food/energy. In it, only one species benefits (predator). Cat is the predator and rat is the prey.
In amensalism on the other hand one species is harmed whereas the other is unaffected.
Commensalism is the interaction where one species benefits and other is neither benefitted nor harmed in the process. Cattle and egret have such interaction where grazing activity of cattle stirs up the insects which is fed on by the egret, otherwise it is difficult to find them. Egret is benefitting without harming or benefitting the cattle.
Parasitism is similar to predation where the parasite feeds on the host for nutrient without killing it. Plasmodium vivax (parasite) is a pathogen which causes malaria in human (host).
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