First slide

Human Endocrine System

Question

Which of the following sets of hormones are antagonistic in function?

Moderate

A

Glucagon and cortisol
B

Epinephrine and norepinephrine
C

Aldosterone and ANF
D

ADH and aldosterone

Solution

Aldosterone increases reabsorption of sodium ions (Na⁺) and water by the kidneys. The water reabsorption increases total blood volume, which increases blood pressure. Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) released by cells in the atria of the heart lowers blood pressure by causing vasodilation and by promoting the loss of salt and water in the urine, which reduces blood volume. Thus aldosterone and ANF have opposing effects.
Both ADH and aldosterone decrease blood pressure.
Glucagon and cortisol increase glucose levels in the blood.
Epinephrine and norepinephrine enhance effects of sympathetic division of autonomic nervous system (ANS) during stress.

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