Which one of the following are analogous structures?
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a
Forelimbs of bat and pigeon
b
Gills of prawn and lungs of man
c
Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita
d
Flippers of dolphin and legs of horse
answer is B.
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Detailed Solution
Gills of prawn and lungs of man have similar function but differ in their origin and fundamental structure and hence are analogous structures. Forelimbs of bat and pigeon are homologous structures (Note that the wings of bat and pigeon are analogous structures).Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita are homologous.Flippers of dolphin and legs of horse are homologous.Note: The actual AIPMT 2014 question was as following:Q. Which one of the following are analogous structures?(1) Wing of bat and wing of pigeon(2) Gills of prawn and lungs of man(3) Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita(4) Flippers of dolphin and legs of horseBoth (1) and (2) are correct as per the given options. To avoid confusion to the students, option (1) has been modified here as forelimbs of bat and pigeon (which are homologous).Ref: https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_09#:~:text=Analogies%20are%20the%20result%20of,a%20common%20ancestor%20with%20forelimbs.