State the laws of reflection.

detailed solution

1

A phenomenon of bouncing back of light from the surface of an object is called reflection of light. 

The light ray, which strikes any surface, is called the incident ray. The ray that comes back from the surface after reflection is known as the reflected ray.

An imaginary line perpendicular to the surface to where the reflection occurs is called normal ray.

The angle between the normal and incident ray is called the angle of incidence ($\angle \mathrm{i}$). 

The angle between the normal and the reflected ray is known as the angle of reflection ($\angle \mathrm{r}$).

The laws governing the reflection of light are called the laws of reflection. The laws of reflection are as follows:

First Law of Reflection: The incident ray, the reflecting ray, and the normal at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane.

Second Law of Reflection: The angle of incidence is always equal to the angle of reflection.

                                                                       $\angle \mathrm{i} =\angle \mathrm{r}$