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By rohit.pandey1
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Updated on 7 Mar 2026, 11:44 IST
JEE Main Physics Formula Sheet: For aspirants aiming for a 99+ percentile in the JEE Main 2026 exam, mastering the application of formulas is essential. Around 60–70% of JEE Main Physics questions are formula-based. To streamline the preparation of candidates, we have compiled a comprehensive Physics formulas for JEE Mains last minute revision guide, covering all 27 chapters of the Class 11 and Class 12 syllabus.
As per recent exam analysis and the updated NTA JEE Mains formula list 2026, several topics have been streamlined. Candidates are advised to use this JEE Main Physics chapter-wise formula PDF repository to ensure they are only studying the relevant topics. Whether you are looking for high-weightage topics like Electrodynamics or score-boosting units like Modern Physics, this printable Physics formula sheet serves as a complete "cheat sheet" for your daily practice sessions.
In this article, students can access direct download links for the Class 11 & 12 Physics formula book, organized by units for easier navigation. Experts suggest that consistent use of a Physics cheat sheet for JEE 2026 can reduce calculation errors and significantly improve problem-solving speed during the actual exam.
| Unit & Chapter | Download Link |
| Kinematics JEE formulas PDF | Download PDF |
| Projectile Motion formulas PDF | Download PDF |
| Circular Motion formulas JEE | Download PDF |
| Laws of Motion formulas for JEE PDF | Download PDF |
| Work, Power and Energy JEE formulas PDF | Download PDF |
| Center of Mass formulas PDF | Download PDF |
| Rotational Dynamics PDF | Download PDF |
| Gravitation formulas JEE PDF | Download PDF |
| Elasticity Formula PDF for JEE Mains | Download PDF |
| Fluid Mechanics JEE PDF | Download PDF |
| Thermodynamics JEE PDF | Download PDF |
| Kinetic Theory of Gases PDF | Download PDF |
| Simple Harmonic Motion PDF | Download PDF |
| Waves and Sound JEE PDF | Download PDF |
| Electrostatics formulas PDF | Download PDF |
| Capacitance formulas JEE PDF | Download PDF |
| Current Electricity PDF | Download PDF |
| Moving Charges formulas PDF | Download PDF |
| Magnetism and Matter PDF | Download PDF |
| EMI formulas for JEE PDF | Download PDF |
| Alternating Current PDF | Download PDF |
| EM Waves formulas JEE PDF | Download PDF |
| Ray Optics formulas PDF | Download PDF |
| Optical Instruments PDF | Download PDF |
| Wave Optics formulas JEE PDF | Download PDF |
| Modern Physics formulas PDF | Download PDF |
| Logic Gates | Download PDF |
| Semiconductors Important Formula for JEE | Download PDF |
For students aiming to maximize their score in the final hours, focusing on the most important Physics formulas for last-minute revision is the most efficient strategy. Instead of revisiting entire derivations, candidates should prioritize "high-yield" identities that appear frequently in the NTA JEE Main Previous question papers.
Dimensional analysis is a tool used in every chapter. Keep these foundational formulas handy.
| Formula | Description |
| [M^a L^b T^c] | Dimensional representation |
| Percentage error = (Δa/a) × 100 | Relative error in measurement |
| Max % error in x^n = n × (Δx/x) × 100 | Error propagation for power functions |
| Least count = (Main Scale Division) / (Total Vernier Divisions) | Vernier caliper accuracy |
Kinematics is one of the most formula-dense chapters and the starting point for all of Mechanics.
Equations of Motion (Uniform Acceleration)
| Formula | Description |
| v = u + at | First equation of motion |
| s = ut + ½at² | Second equation of motion |
| v² = u² + 2as | Third equation of motion |
| s_n = u + a(2n − 1)/2 | Distance in nth second |
Projectile Motion
| Formula | Description |
| Time of flight: T = 2u sinθ / g | Total air time |
| Maximum height: H = u² sin²θ / 2g | Peak height reached |
| Range: R = u² sin2θ / g | Horizontal distance covered |
| Maximum range: R_max = u² / g (at θ = 45°) | Optimal launch angle |
Relative Motion & Circular Motion
| Formula | Description |
| v_rel = v_A − v_B | Relative velocity |
| Centripetal acceleration: a = v²/r = ω²r | Acceleration toward center |
| Angular velocity: ω = dθ/dt = v/r | Rate of angular displacement |
| v = rω | Linear and angular speed relation |
Newton's laws form the backbone of JEE Main Mechanics problems.
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| Formula | Description |
| F = ma | Newton's Second Law |
| F_net = dp/dt | Force as rate of change of momentum |
| p = mv | Linear momentum |
| Impulse: J = FΔt = Δp | Impulse-momentum theorem |
| f_s ≤ μ_s N | Static friction limit |
| f_k = μ_k N | Kinetic friction |
| a = (m₁ − m₂)g / (m₁ + m₂) | Atwood machine acceleration |
| T = 2m₁m₂g / (m₁ + m₂) | Atwood machine tension |
| Formula | Description |
| W = F · d · cosθ | Work done by a force |
| KE = ½mv² | Kinetic energy |
| PE (gravitational) = mgh | Gravitational potential energy |
| PE (spring) = ½kx² | Elastic potential energy |
| Work-Energy Theorem: W_net = ΔKE | Net work equals change in KE |
| P = W/t = F · v | Power |
| e = v₂ − v₁ / u₁ − u₂ | Coefficient of restitution |
| For elastic collision: v₁ = (m₁−m₂)u₁ + 2m₂u₂ / (m₁+m₂) | Post-collision velocity |
| Formula | Description |
| τ = r × F = Iα | Torque and angular acceleration |
| L = Iω | Angular momentum |
| I = Σmr² | Moment of inertia (general) |
| Parallel axis: I = I_cm + Md² | Parallel axis theorem |
| Perpendicular axis: I_z = I_x + I_y | For planar laminas only |
| KE_rotation = ½Iω² | Rotational kinetic energy |
| Rolling: v_cm = Rω | Condition for pure rolling |
Common Moments of Inertia:
| Object | Axis | Formula |
| Solid sphere | Diameter | 2/5 MR² |
| Hollow sphere | Diameter | 2/3 MR² |
| Solid cylinder | Own axis | ½MR² |
| Ring | Own axis | MR² |
| Rod | Center, perpendicular | ML²/12 |
| Formula | Description |
| F = Gm₁m₂/r² | Newton's Law of Gravitation |
| g = GM/R² | Surface gravity |
| g_h = g(1 − 2h/R) | Gravity at height h (h << R) |
| g_d = g(1 − d/R) | Gravity at depth d |
| V = −GM/r | Gravitational potential |
| U = −Gm₁m₂/r | Gravitational potential energy |
| v_escape = √(2GM/R) = √(2gR) | Escape velocity |
| v_orbital = √(GM/r) | Orbital velocity |
| T² = 4π²r³/GM | Kepler's Third Law |
| Formula | Description |
| Stress = F/A | Force per unit area |
| Strain = ΔL/L | Fractional deformation |
| Young's modulus: Y = Stress/Strain | Elastic modulus |
| P = P₀ + ρgh | Pressure at depth h |
| Buoyant force: F_b = ρ_fluid · V · g | Archimedes' Principle |
| Continuity: A₁v₁ = A₂v₂ | Conservation of flow |
| Bernoulli: P + ½ρv² + ρgh = constant | Energy conservation in flow |
| Surface tension: T = F/L | Force per unit length |
| Excess pressure in bubble: ΔP = 4T/r | For soap bubble |
| Stoke's law: F = 6πηrv | Viscous drag |
| Terminal velocity: v_t = 2r²(ρ−σ)g / 9η | Final constant velocity |
| Formula | Description |
| ΔU = Q − W | First Law of Thermodynamics |
| PV = nRT | Ideal gas law |
| W = nRT ln(V₂/V₁) | Work in isothermal process |
| W = 0 | Isochoric process (no work) |
| W = P(V₂ − V₁) | Isobaric process |
| γ = C_p/C_v | Adiabatic index |
| TV^(γ−1) = constant | Adiabatic process relation |
| η_Carnot = 1 − T₂/T₁ | Carnot engine efficiency |
| C_p − C_v = R | Mayer's relation |
| Q = mcΔT | Heat capacity formula |
| Stefan's law: P = σAT⁴ | Radiation power |
| Wien's law: λ_max · T = 2.898 × 10⁻³ m·K | Peak wavelength |
| Formula | Description |
| x = A sin(ωt + φ) | Displacement in SHM |
| v = ω√(A² − x²) | Velocity in SHM |
| a = −ω²x | Acceleration in SHM |
| T = 2π/ω | Time period |
| T (spring) = 2π√(m/k) | Spring-mass system |
| T (pendulum) = 2π√(L/g) | Simple pendulum |
| KE = ½mω²(A² − x²) | Kinetic energy in SHM |
| PE = ½mω²x² | Potential energy in SHM |
| Total E = ½mω²A² | Total mechanical energy |
| Formula | Description |
| v = fλ | Wave speed relation |
| v_sound = √(γP/ρ) | Speed of sound in gas |
| v_string = √(T/μ) | Speed on stretched string |
| f_n = nv/2L | Harmonics in open pipe |
| f_n = (2n−1)v/4L | Harmonics in closed pipe |
| Beat frequency = f₁ − f₂ | Beats phenomenon |
| f_obs = f₀(v ± v_obs)/(v ∓ v_source) | Doppler effect |
| Intensity: I = P/4πr² | Inverse square law |
| Formula | Description |
| F = kq₁q₂/r² (k = 1/4πε₀) | Coulomb's Law |
| E = kq/r² | Electric field due to point charge |
| V = kq/r | Electric potential |
| E = −dV/dr | Relation between E and V |
| U = kq₁q₂/r | Potential energy of two charges |
| C = Q/V | Capacitance definition |
| C_parallel = C₁ + C₂ + … | Capacitors in parallel |
| 1/C_series = 1/C₁ + 1/C₂ + … | Capacitors in series |
| E_stored = ½CV² = Q²/2C | Energy in capacitor |
| σ = Q/A ; E = σ/ε₀ | Infinite sheet field |
| Formula | Description |
| V = IR | Ohm's Law |
| R = ρL/A | Resistance from resistivity |
| R_series = R₁ + R₂ + … | Series combination |
| 1/R_parallel = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + … | Parallel combination |
| P = VI = I²R = V²/R | Electrical power |
| E = Pt | Electrical energy |
| I = E/(R + r) | Cell with internal resistance |
| Kirchhoff's Voltage Law: ΣV = 0 | Loop rule |
| Kirchhoff's Current Law: ΣI = 0 | Junction rule |
| Wheatstone bridge: R₁/R₂ = R₃/R₄ | Balanced bridge condition |
| Formula | Description |
| F = qv × B ; F = qvB sinθ | Lorentz force |
| F = BIL sinθ | Force on current-carrying wire |
| B (infinite wire) = μ₀I/2πr | Biot-Savart application |
| B (center of loop) = μ₀I/2R | Circular current loop |
| B (solenoid) = μ₀nI | Inside a solenoid |
| τ = NBIA sinθ | Torque on current loop |
| M = NIA | Magnetic moment |
| r = mv/qB | Radius of circular path in field |
| Formula | Description |
| EMF = −dΦ/dt | Faraday's Law |
| Φ = BAcosθ | Magnetic flux |
| EMF (motional) = BLv | Rod moving in field |
| Self-inductance: EMF = −L(dI/dt) | Inductor EMF |
| E = ½LI² | Energy stored in inductor |
| X_L = ωL | Inductive reactance |
| X_C = 1/ωC | Capacitive reactance |
| Z = √(R² + (X_L − X_C)²) | Impedance |
| f_resonance = 1/2π√(LC) | Resonant frequency |
| Power factor = cosφ = R/Z | AC power factor |
| Transformer: V₁/V₂ = N₁/N₂ | Transformer ratio |
| Formula | Description |
| c = 1/√(μ₀ε₀) = 3 × 10⁸ m/s | Speed of EM waves in vacuum |
| c = fλ | Frequency-wavelength relation |
| Intensity: I = ½ε₀cE₀² | EM wave intensity |
| Radiation pressure: P = I/c (absorbed) | Pressure from radiation |
| Formula | Description |
| Snell's Law: n₁ sinθ₁ = n₂ sinθ₂ | Refraction at interface |
| n = c/v | Refractive index |
| Mirror formula: 1/v + 1/u = 1/f | Spherical mirrors |
| f = R/2 | Focal length of mirror |
| Magnification (mirror): m = −v/u | Mirror magnification |
| Lens formula: 1/v − 1/u = 1/f | Thin lens equation |
| Lens maker's: 1/f = (n−1)(1/R₁ − 1/R₂) | Lens maker's equation |
| Power of lens: P = 1/f (in meters) | Dioptre unit |
| Critical angle: sinC = 1/n | Total internal reflection |
| Prism: δ = (n−1)A (for thin prism) | Minimum deviation |
| Formula | Description |
| Path difference for maxima: Δ = nλ | Constructive interference |
| Path difference for minima: Δ = (2n−1)λ/2 | Destructive interference |
| Fringe width: β = λD/d | Young's Double Slit |
| Diffraction: sinθ = nλ/a | Single slit first minima |
| Brewster's angle: tanθ_B = n | Polarization by reflection |
Modern Physics is the highest-yield chapter for formula-based questions in JEE Main.
| Formula | Description |
| E = hf = hc/λ | Photon energy |
| KE_max = hf − φ | Photoelectric equation (Einstein) |
| p = h/λ = E/c | Photon momentum |
| de Broglie: λ = h/mv = h/p | Matter wave wavelength |
| Bohr radius: r_n = n²a₀/Z | Orbit radius (a₀ = 0.529 Å) |
| Energy levels: E_n = −13.6Z²/n² eV | Hydrogen-like atoms |
| f_emitted = R_H c Z²(1/n₁² − 1/n₂²) | Spectral frequency |
| Mass defect: Δm = (Z·m_p + N·m_n) − M | Nuclear mass defect |
| BE = Δm · c² | Binding energy |
| Radioactive decay: N = N₀e^(−λt) | Decay law |
| Half-life: T½ = 0.693/λ | Half-life and decay constant |
| Activity: A = λN | Disintegrations per second |
| Formula | Description |
| I = I₀(e^(eV/kT) − 1) | Diode equation |
| β (transistor) = I_C/I_B | Current gain |
| α = I_C/I_E | Common-base gain |
| α = β/(1 + β) | Relation between α and β |
| Threshold frequency: f₀ = φ/h | Minimum frequency for emission |
Based on analysis of previous year questions (PYQs) from 2015–2025, the following formulas appear most frequently. These should be the first 25 equations any JEE aspirant commits to memory.
Memorize these constants alongside your formulas — they are required in numerical problems and are not provided during the exam.
| Constant | Symbol | Value |
| Speed of light | c | 3 × 10⁸ m/s |
| Planck's constant | h | 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s |
| Charge of electron | e | 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C |
| Mass of electron | m_e | 9.1 × 10⁻³¹ kg |
| Mass of proton | m_p | 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg |
| Boltzmann constant | k_B | 1.38 × 10⁻²³ J/K |
| Universal gas constant | R | 8.314 J/mol·K |
| Gravitational constant | G | 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg² |
| Avogadro's number | N_A | 6.022 × 10²³ /mol |
| Permittivity of free space | ε₀ | 8.85 × 10⁻¹² C²/N·m² |
| Permeability of free space | μ₀ | 4π × 10⁻⁷ T·m/A |
| Stefan-Boltzmann constant | σ | 5.67 × 10⁻⁸ W/m²·K⁴ |
Physics accounts for one-third of the JEE Main paper, and approximately 60–70% of Physics questions are directly formula-based. This means that a student who has mastered the right set of formulas — and understands when and how to apply them — holds a decisive advantage over those who rely purely on conceptual understanding without quick recall. The NTA's 2026 syllabus revisions have streamlined certain topics while reinforcing the dominance of high-weightage chapters. Mechanics alone contributes 25–30% of Physics questions, while Electrodynamics, Modern Physics, and Thermodynamics collectively make up another 40–45%. Knowing the most repeated formulas from these sections is the fastest route to a strong score. No formula sheet is provided during the actual JEE Main exam. Every equation must be memorized and recalled under timed pressure. This makes a well-organized, chapter-wise formula sheet one of the most important revision tools in a JEE aspirant's arsenal.
| Chapter | Approximate Weightage | Key Example Formula |
| Mechanics (Kinematics, NLM, Energy) | 25–30% | v = u + at |
| Electrodynamics | 20–25% | F = kq₁q₂/r² |
| Modern Physics | 15–20% | E = hf |
| Thermodynamics | 10–12% | ΔU = Q − W |
| Optics & Waves | 10–12% | 1/v + 1/u = 1/f |
| Magnetism | 8–10% | F = qv × B |
Having the right formulas on a sheet is only half the battle. How you use this sheet determines whether it translates into marks on exam day. Here is a structured approach used by top-scoring JEE aspirants.
| Exam Date | Shift | Watch Analysis |
| JEE Main 2026 Paper Analysis - 21st Jan | Shift 1 | https://youtube.com/live/WC258w31m74 |
| JEE Main 2026 Paper Analysis - 21st Jan | Shift 2 | https://youtube.com/live/vheaiJrR2_Q |
| JEE Main 2026 Paper Analysis - 22nd Jan | Shift 1 | https://youtube.com/live/m7cM98ZSCDU |
| JEE Main 2026 Paper Analysis - 22nd Jan | Shift 2 | https://youtube.com/live/7vt5a2WxPqE |
| JEE Main 2026 Paper Analysis - 23rd Jan | Shift 1 | https://youtube.com/live/xYTg1l5FRoc |
| JEE Main 2026 Paper Analysis - 23rd Jan | Shift 2 | https://youtube.com/live/nA2n-Edi6XA |
| JEE Main 2026 Paper Analysis - 24th Jan | Shift 1 | https://youtube.com/live/UgMXlgNqnu4 |
| JEE Main 2026 Paper Analysis - 24th Jan | Shift 2 | https://youtube.com/live/USPLcU-gh3A |
| JEE Main 2026 Paper Analysis - 28th Jan | Shift 1 | https://youtube.com/live/lMPvB2_Y3xM |
| JEE Main 2026 Paper Analysis - 28th Jan | Shift 2 | https://youtube.com/live/mbWlQ6YqvLo |
Given the vastness of the 27 chapters in the JEE Mains Physics syllabus, experts recommend a three-tier approach to ensure long-term retention and high accuracy in the numerical-type questions.
One of the most powerful tools for a JEE aspirant is Dimensional Analysis. According to experts, this method serves as a primary verification tool during the exam. If you are confused between two similar-looking identities, check the dimensions on both sides of the equation.
A significant percentage of negative marking in JEE Main is attributed to "Unit Traps." Even with the correct Physics formulas for JEE Mains last minute revision, candidates often fail to convert units into a single system (usually SI).
To optimize your revision time, you must align your study schedule with the JEE Main Physics chapter-wise weightage. Not all chapters require the same depth of formula memorization.
— Aman Verma, 99.8 Percentile, JEE Main 2024
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A complete JEE Main Physics formula sheet covers all chapters from the NTA syllabus, including Kinematics, Newton's Laws, Rotational Motion, Gravitation, Thermodynamics, Waves, Electrostatics, Current Electricity, Magnetism, Electromagnetic Induction, Optics, and Modern Physics. It also includes key physical constants such as G = 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg² and h = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s. The sheet typically organizes equations in tables for quick reference.
NCERT Physics formulas are essential and form the conceptual base for JEE Main preparation. However, scoring 99+ percentile typically requires familiarity with additional derived formulas, limiting cases, and shortcut results that are frequently used in numerical problems. Most high-scoring candidates supplement NCERT formulas with competitive exam–oriented results for faster problem solving.
No. The NTA does not provide any formula sheet, data booklet, or reference material during the JEE Main exam. All formulas, constants, and derivations must be memorized in advance. This makes pre-exam revision of a formula sheet one of the most important preparation activities.
There are approximately 100–150 core formulas across the 20+ chapters in the JEE Main Physics syllabus. However, for scoring purposes, a focused set of 50–60 high-weightage formulas — primarily from Mechanics, Electrodynamics, and Modern Physics — covers the majority of what is tested. The Top 25 most repeated formulas listed in this guide are the starting point for any revision plan.
The single most important formulas by chapter are: Newton's Second Law (F = ma) for Mechanics; Coulomb's Law (F = kq₁q₂/r²) for Electrostatics; the Mirror and Lens Formula (1/v + 1/u = 1/f) for Optics; Einstein's Photoelectric Equation (KE_max = hf − φ) for Modern Physics; and Faraday's Law (EMF = −dΦ/dt) for Electromagnetic Induction.
The most effective memorization strategies include: (1) deriving formulas from first principles at least once; (2) applying each formula immediately in 5–10 PYQs; (3) using mnemonics for formula families — for example, all energy formulas share the structure ½ × [inertia] × [speed]²; (4) doing daily 10-minute revision using this formula sheet; and (5) teaching formulas to a study partner, which forces recall and exposes gaps.
The highest-weightage chapters, consistently based on PYQ analysis from 2018–2025, are: Mechanics (Kinematics + Newton's Laws + Energy + Rotation) at 25–30%; Electrodynamics (Electrostatics + Current Electricity + Magnetism + EMI + AC) at 20–25%; Modern Physics (Photoelectric Effect + Atoms + Nuclei) at 15–20%; and Thermodynamics & Kinetic Theory at 10–12%.
The NTA's 2026 syllabus revisions have streamlined some topics while retaining the core high-weightage chapters. The fundamental formulas remain unchanged, but aspirants should verify the current NTA syllabus PDF on the official NTA website (nta.ac.in) for any chapter deletions or additions. Chapters like Semiconductors and Communication Systems have seen the most variation in recent years.
If you master formulas and concepts from the top five high-weightage chapters — Mechanics, Electrodynamics, Modern Physics, Thermodynamics, and Optics — and apply them correctly in 20 out of 25 Physics questions, you can realistically aim for 60–68 marks out of 100 in JEE Main Physics. This alone significantly boosts overall rank.
Infinity Learn provides a complete chapter-wise formula reference. For a printable PDF it offer free downloadable PDFs aligned with the NTA syllabus.
H.C. Verma's Concepts of Physics (Parts 1 & 2) is the most widely recommended textbook for building strong formula understanding with derivation context. For quick formula reference and PYQ application, resources from DC Pandey (Arihant series) are preferred. For the 2026 exam, pairing a formula sheet with NTA chapter-wise mock tests is the most efficient approach. With this Students should solve Infinity Learn test series and mock test.