Which of the following statement is correct ?

The correct answer to the question is: "RNA controls the synthesis of proteins."

Here is the detailed explanation:

RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) plays a crucial role in the synthesis of proteins, a process essential for cellular function and structure. During protein synthesis, RNA acts as a messenger (mRNA) carrying genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where proteins are assembled. This mechanism is commonly referred to as the central dogma of molecular biology, which describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to proteins.

Why the Other Options are Incorrect

• The sugar present in DNA is D-ribose: This is incorrect because the sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, not D-ribose. Deoxyribose is a 5-carbon sugar that lacks an oxygen atom on the 2' carbon, which differentiates it from ribose found in RNA.
• RNA has a double-stranded α-Helix structure: RNA is typically single-stranded and does not form a double helix structure like DNA. Some RNA molecules may form secondary structures through base pairing, but these are not the same as the double helix of DNA.
• DNA mainly occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell: This statement is incorrect because DNA is primarily found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. In prokaryotic cells, DNA is located in the cytoplasm, but this is not the case for eukaryotes.

Which of the Following is Correct About DNA?

Understanding the roles of DNA and RNA is vital for grasping the basics of molecular biology. When examining which of the following is correct about DNA, it’s important to distinguish between the sugar components, structural features, and locations of DNA and RNA within the cell. This ensures clarity on the functions of these critical biomolecules.

DNA is the molecule that stores genetic information in the cell, whereas RNA plays a functional role in executing these genetic instructions. Specifically, RNA facilitates protein synthesis by transferring the necessary genetic codes to the machinery responsible for building proteins.