Courses
By Shailendra Singh
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Updated on 10 Jul 2025, 13:08 IST
CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2025-2026: Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE Board) has released the latest CBSE class 12 biology syllabus for this academic year. You can download the class 12 biology syllabus pdf from the official CBSE website @cbseacademic.nic.in or Infinity Learn educational sites too.
The biology class 12 syllabus chapter wise covers all the chapters, topics, and modules you need to study for both theory and practicals. It also shows how much marks each topic will get in the exam, which is pretty helpful when you plan your studies. Many students prefer to keep the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus PDF handy while preparing for the CBSE Class 12 Board exams, so you can check topics anytime.
If you read this whole guide, you’ll get to know about the complete cbse class 12 biology syllabus 2025-26, the marking scheme, how to download the PDF, some easy preparation tips and some handy prep tips, just scroll down and read the full article.
The CBSE class 12 biology syllabus for 2025-26 is really helpful for students who want to learn about life and living things. In this CBSE Board syllabus, you will study topics like cell biology, molecular biology, genetics, evolution, ecology, and human health. For example, in cell biology, you will learn about cell structure, how cells divide, and how they communicate with each other.
Then, molecular biology will teach you about DNA structure and how DNA copies itself, as well as how proteins are made in our bodies. Sometimes, it gets confusing, but NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology can help you understand these things better. Genetics is also a big part of the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus, covering Mendelian genetics, molecular genetics, and even genetic engineering, which is kind of cool but a bit hard to remember sometimes.
Ecology is all about the biosphere, ecosystems, and biodiversity, which means you will learn about different living things and how they live together. Human health is also covered, so you will learn about the human body, diseases, and how our immune system protects us.
The CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus for 2025-26 is a helpful guide for students studying Biology. It includes all the chapters and topics students will learn during this school year. Knowing the syllabus helps students plan their studies better. It allows them to divide their time properly for each chapter and learn everything completely. Students can download the CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus PDF from the link provided below.
The CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus helps students understand which topics are important and how marks are distributed. It guides students to prepare properly for the CBSE board exams. Also, studying the CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus is helpful when preparing for other competitive exams like NEET. The theoretical papers will be worth 70 marks, while the practical tests will be worth thirty marks.
CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus Marking Scheme | |
Topics | Marks |
Reproduction | 16 |
Genetics and Evolution | 20 |
Biology and Human Welfare | 12 |
Biotechnology and its Applications | 12 |
Ecology and Environment | 10 |
Total | 70 |
To help students understand the chapters clearly, the important topics from each unit are presented in the table below. For the full syllabus, students can click the link provided above.
Unit | Chapter | Main Topics Covered |
Unit VI: Reproduction | Chapter 1: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants | Structure of flower, pollination, fertilization, seed and fruit development, special reproduction methods like apomixis and polyembryony. |
Chapter 2: Human Reproduction | Male and female reproductive systems, fertilization, pregnancy, placenta, childbirth, lactation. | |
Chapter 3: Reproductive Health | Sexual health, prevention of STDs, contraception methods, infertility, and assisted reproductive technologies. | |
Unit VII: Genetics and Evolution | Chapter 4: Principles of Inheritance and Variation | Mendelian genetics, inheritance patterns, chromosome theory, genetic disorders. |
Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance | DNA and RNA structure, replication, genetic code, transcription, translation, gene regulation. | |
Chapter 6: Evolution | Origin of life, evidence and mechanisms of evolution, Darwin’s theory, human evolution. | |
Unit VIII: Biology and Human Welfare | Chapter 7: Human Health and Diseases | Human diseases, immunity basics, vaccines, cancer, AIDS, drug abuse. |
Chapter 8: Microbes in Human Welfare | Role of microbes in food, industries, waste treatment, antibiotics, and biofertilizers. | |
Unit IX: Biotechnology and its Applications | Chapter 9: Biotechnology - Principles and Processes | Basics of genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology. |
Chapter 10: Biotechnology and its Applications | Biotechnology uses in medicine and agriculture, gene therapy, GMOs, ethical concerns. | |
Unit X: Ecology and Environment | Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations | Interactions between populations, population growth, birth and death rates. |
Chapter 12: Ecosystem | Structure and components of ecosystems, energy flow, ecological pyramids. | |
Chapter 13: Biodiversity and Its Conservation | Biodiversity importance, conservation methods, endangered species, biosphere reserves, wildlife sanctuaries. |
CBSE Class 12 Biology practicals help students understand biological concepts clearly through hands-on experiments. These practicals are useful for future courses such as MBBS and BDS. Below is the complete practical syllabus divided into three main sections.
Evaluation Component | Marks |
One Major Experiment | 5 |
One Minor Experiment (Experiments 2 & 3) | 4 |
Slide Preparation (Experiments 1 & 4) | 5 |
Spotting | 7 |
Practical Record + Viva | 4 |
Investigatory Project + Project Record + Viva | 5 |
Total | 30 |
Competencies | Weightage (%) |
Knowledge and Understanding | 50% |
Application of Concepts | 30% |
Analyse, Evaluate and Create | 20% |
To Download the CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus for the academic year 2025-26 is a simple and important step in your exam preparation. Here’s how you can do it:
By following these simple steps, you’ll have the updated syllabus that is essential for effective planning and preparation.
Units | Chapters | Deleted Topics |
Reproduction | Reproduction in Organisms | Entire chapter deleted |
Biology & Human Welfare | Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production | Entire chapter deleted |
Ecology & Environment | Environmental Issues | Entire chapter deleted |
Preparing for the CBSE Class 12 Biology exam requires strategic study, as the subject is content-heavy and highly conceptual. Here are some effective tips to help you score well:
In the Class 12 Biology syllabus for 2025-26, some chapters have been entirely removed. These chapters are Reproduction in Organisms, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, and Environmental Issues.
The course includes five parts: Making new living things, Traits and Change over time, Life Science and Human Health, Using biology in technology, and Nature and Surroundings.
In this case, 70 points will be awarded for the written exam, and the other 30 points will be for the hands-on part.
The Class 12th Biology NCERT Solutions have 16 chapters designed by the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) for schools that follow the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE).