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CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 8 Heredity and Evolution MCQs
By Ankit Gupta
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Updated on 3 Sep 2025, 16:33 IST
Chapter 8 of Class 10 Science, Heredity and Evolution, is one of the most important lessons in the CBSE curriculum. It helps students understand how traits are passed from one generation to another and how living beings evolve over time. To score well in exams, practicing heredity class 10 mcq questions is very useful. These multiple-choice questions test not only memory but also the ability to apply concepts in real-life situations.
In this chapter, students learn about the basic principles of heredity, discovered by Gregor Mendel, and how these rules explain the transmission of traits. Concepts like dominant and recessive traits, monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, sex determination, and acquired versus inherited traits are covered in detail. Solving heredity mcq class 10 will help students revise these ideas thoroughly. The class 10 heredity mcq set is designed to give quick practice and strengthen conceptual clarity.
Along with heredity, the chapter also deals with evolution. Students explore how species change over time, the role of natural selection, and how fossils provide evidence of evolution. To prepare well, one must solve both heredity-based and evolution-based questions. Practicing heredity and evolution class 10 mcq ensures students are ready to answer exam questions that often combine both topics.
The mcq on heredity class 10 in this collection are structured according to the CBSE pattern, focusing on important topics. They also help in developing higher-order thinking, as many questions are application-based. By attempting these, students can identify their weak areas and improve. The mcq of heredity class 10 are not only important for board exams but also for competitive exams like NTSE or Olympiads.
Students should remember that regular practice is the key to success. Solving mcq heredity class 10 builds confidence and improves speed and accuracy. This introduction to heredity mcq practice material will guide learners in preparing systematically. Whether it is about Mendel’s experiments, the concept of evolution, or human genetics, every important point has been covered.
Do Check: Class 10 Science Chapter 1 MCQs
For those who prefer structured revision, heredity class 10 mcq learn cbse format is especially useful, as it follows the board guidelines closely. These class 10 science heredity mcq not only give knowledge but also train the mind to tackle tricky questions effectively. By going through this set of heredity and evolution class 10 mcq, students will gain confidence, master key ideas, and be better prepared for their exams.
CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 8 Heredity and Evolution MCQs
Q. Who is known as the father of genetics?
A) Charles Darwin
B) Gregor Mendel
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C) James Watson
D) Francis Crick
Answer: B) Gregor Mendel
Q. What is the unit of heredity?
A) Cell
B) DNA
C) Gene
D) Chromosome
Answer: C) Gene
Q. Which scientist proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?
A) Lamarck
B) Mendel
C) Darwin
D) Watson
Answer: C) Darwin
Q. What is the physical appearance of an organism called?
A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Allele
D) Trait
Answer: B) Phenotype
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Q. What is a change in the DNA sequence called?
A) Mutation
B) Segregation
C) Recombination
D) Transcription
Answer: A) Mutation
Q. Which process describes the transmission of traits from parents to offspring?
A) Evolution
B) Heredity
C) Mutation
D) Adaptation
Answer: B) Heredity
Q. Which term refers to a pair of contrasting characters?
A) Homologous
B) Heterozygous
C) Allele
D) Hybrid
Answer: C) Allele
Q. What is the genetic makeup of an organism called?
A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Chromosome
D) Trait
Answer: A) Genotype
Q. Who proposed the Law of Segregation?
A) Darwin
B) Mendel
C) Lamarck
D) Wallace
Answer: B) Mendel
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Q. What is the term for a cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits?
A) Dihybrid cross
B) Monohybrid cross
C) Test cross
D) Back cross
Answer: B) Monohybrid cross
Q. What is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently?
A) Atom
B) Molecule
C) Cell
D) Tissue
Answer: C) Cell
Q. Which type of reproduction leads to greater genetic variation?
A) Asexual reproduction
B) Sexual reproduction
C) Budding
D) Binary fission
Answer: B) Sexual reproduction
Q. What do you call a trait that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one allele is present?
A) Recessive
B) Dominant
C) Codominant
D) Incomplete dominant
Answer: B) Dominant
Q. What is the science of classifying organisms called?
A) Taxonomy
B) Cytology
C) Genetics
D) Anatomy
Answer: A) Taxonomy
Q. Which molecule carries the genetic instructions in all living things?
A) Protein
B) Lipid
C) Carbohydrate
D) DNA
Answer: D) DNA
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Q. What is the alternate form of a gene called?
A) Chromosome
B) Locus
C) Allele
D) Genotype
Answer: C) Allele
What type of inheritance results from genes located on sex chromosomes?
A) Autosomal
B) Sex-linked
C) Co-dominance
D) Incomplete dominance
Answer: B) Sex-linked
Q. Which structure contains the genetic material of a cell?
A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondria
C) Ribosome
D) Golgi apparatus
Answer: A) Nucleus
Q. What is the term for the genetic difference between individuals?
A) Mutation
B) Variation
C) Adaptation
D) Natural selection
Answer: B) Variation
Q. Who proposed the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics?
A) Darwin
B) Mendel
C) Lamarck
D) Watson
Answer: C) Lamarck
Q. What is the name of the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring?
A) Mutation
B) Natural selection
C) Genetic drift
D) Gene flow
Answer: B) Natural selection
Q. What type of selection occurs when individuals at both extremes of a phenotypic range are favored?
A) Stabilizing selection
B) Directional selection
C) Disruptive selection
D) Artificial selection
Answer: C) Disruptive selection
Q. What is the term for the study of heredity and variation?
A) Ecology
B) Genetics
C) Anatomy
D) Physiology
Answer: B) Genetics
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Q. Which scientist is associated with the discovery of the structure of DNA?
A) Mendel
B) Darwin
C) Watson and Crick
D) Lamarck
Answer: C) Watson and Crick
Q. What is the term for the passing of traits from parents to offspring?
A) Heredity
B) Evolution
C) Mutation
D) Adaptation
Answer: A) Heredity
Q. Which type of cell division results in the formation of gametes?
A) Mitosis
B) Meiosis
C) Binary fission
D) Budding
Answer: B) Meiosis
Q. What is the term for the physical and physiological traits of an organism?
A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Chromosome
D) Allele
Answer: B) Phenotype
Q. Which principle states that the two alleles for a trait separate during gamete formation?
A) Principle of Dominance
B) Law of Segregation
C) Law of Independent Assortment
D) Principle of Inheritance
Answer: B) Law of Segregation
Q. What is a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring called?
A) Population
B) Species
C) Community
D) Ecosystem
Answer: B) Species
Q. Which type of evolution results from the same trait evolving independently in different species?
A) Divergent evolution
B) Convergent evolution
C) Parallel evolution
D) Adaptive radiation
Answer: B) Convergent evolution
FAQs on Class 10 Science Chapter 8 Heredity and Evolution
Why should I practice MCQs from Heredity and Evolution in Class 10 Science?
Practicing MCQs helps you revise important concepts quickly and understand how heredity and evolution work in living organisms. These questions improve your problem-solving speed and prepare you for CBSE exams, NTSE, and other competitive exams.
What topics are usually covered in Heredity and Evolution Class 10 MCQs?
The MCQs are based on topics like Mendel’s experiments, dominant and recessive traits, monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, sex determination, acquired and inherited traits, Darwin’s theory of evolution, and fossil evidence.
Are MCQs from Chapter 8 important for the Class 10 board exams?
Yes, they are very important. The CBSE exam often includes direct and application-based MCQs from heredity and evolution. Solving them regularly gives you confidence to handle exam questions with ease.
How do MCQs on Heredity and Evolution help in quick revision?
MCQs cover important concepts in a question–answer format, which makes it easy to recall facts and principles. Solving mcq on heredity class 10 allows you to revise the whole chapter in less time and identify weak areas.
Do MCQs from Heredity and Evolution also help in competitive exams?
Yes. Many competitive exams like NTSE, Olympiads, and entrance tests include questions from heredity and evolution. Practicing class 10 science heredity mcq gives you a strong foundation for such exams.