Class 11 Biology MCQ – Biological Classification

Biological classification refers to the scientific method of organizing living organisms into groups based on their shared traits and differences. This system, also called taxonomy, divides all known organisms into five main kingdoms:

• Monera
• Protista
• Fungi
• Plantae
• Animalia

There are three primary types of biological classification — artificial, natural, and phylogenetic. This classification system helps in the identification and study of organisms by analyzing their distinct characteristics.

Class 11 Biology Chapter 2 MCQ Question with Solutions

1. Who proposed the five-kingdom classification?

1. Aristotle
2. Linnaeus
3. R.H. Whittaker
4. Haeckel

• Answer: c) R.H. Whittaker
• Explanation: R.H. Whittaker proposed the five-kingdom system in 1969.

2. Which of the following is a prokaryote?

1. Fungi
2. Protista
3. Monera
4. Plantae

• Answer: c) Monera
• Explanation: All organisms in Monera are prokaryotic and unicellular.

3. Which of the following kingdoms includes unicellular eukaryotes?

1. Protista
2. Monera
3. Fungi
4. Plantae

• Answer: a) Protista
• Explanation: Protists are unicellular eukaryotic organisms.

4. The cell wall of fungi is made up of:

1. Cellulose
2. Peptidoglycan
3. Chitin
4. Lignin

• Answer: c) Chitin
• Explanation: The fungal cell wall is composed of chitin, a complex carbohydrate.

5. Blue-green algae belong to:

1. Protista
2. Plantae
3. Monera
4. Fungi

• Answer: c) Monera
• Explanation: Blue-green algae are cyanobacteria, belonging to Monera.

6. Viruses are placed under which kingdom?

1. Protista
2. None
3. Monera
4. Fungi

• Answer: b) None
• Explanation: Viruses are acellular and are not included in any kingdom.

7. The five-kingdom classification is based on:

1. Cell structure
2. Mode of nutrition
3. Body organization
4. All of the above

• Answer: d) All of the above
• Explanation: Whittaker’s classification used cell structure, organization, and nutrition.

8. Mycoplasmas differ from other bacteria because they:

1. Lack DNA
2. Lack a cell wall
3. Have chlorophyll
4. Are multicellular

• Answer: b) Lack a cell wall
• Explanation: Mycoplasmas are wall-less prokaryotes.

9. Which of the following reproduces by binary fission?

1. Amoeba
2. Yeast
3. Hydra
4. Mushroom

• Answer: a) Amoeba
• Explanation: Amoeba reproduces asexually by binary fission.

10. Which of the following shows autotrophic nutrition?

1. Fungi
2. Protozoa
3. Algae
4. Bacteria

• Answer: c) Algae
• Explanation: Algae are photosynthetic autotrophs.

11. Kingdom Protista includes:

1. Amoeba
2. Paramecium
3. Euglena
4. All of these

• Answer: d) All of these
• Explanation: All are unicellular eukaryotes under Protista.

12. Lichens are a symbiotic association between:

1. Algae and fungi
2. Algae and bacteria
3. Fungi and protozoa
4. Algae and bryophytes

• Answer: a) Algae and fungi
• Explanation: Algae provide food; fungi offer protection.

13. Slime moulds are placed under:

1. Monera
2. Protista
3. Fungi
4. Plantae

• Answer: b) Protista
• Explanation: Slime moulds are fungus-like protists.

14. The reserve food material in fungi is:

1. Starch
2. Glycogen
3. Fat
4. Protein

• Answer: b) Glycogen
• Explanation: Like animals, fungi store food as glycogen.

15. Which kingdom includes both autotrophs and heterotrophs?

1. Monera
2. Protista
3. Plantae
4. Fungi

• Answer: b) Protista
• Explanation: Protists show both autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.

16. Archaebacteria live in:

1. Normal conditions
2. Extreme conditions
3. Freshwater
4. Soil only

• Answer: b) Extreme conditions
• Explanation: Archaebacteria survive in extreme environments like hot springs.

17. Which of the following is not a bacterium?

1. E. coli
2. Salmonella
3. Mycoplasma
4. Amoeba

• Answer: d) Amoeba
• Explanation: Amoeba is a protist, not a bacterium.

18. The smallest living cells are:

1. Viruses
2. Mycoplasma
3. Bacteria
4. Algae

• Answer: b) Mycoplasma
• Explanation: Mycoplasmas are the smallest self-replicating cells.

19. Which organism acts as a decomposer?

1. Fungi
2. Algae
3. Protozoa
4. Cyanobacteria

• Answer: a) Fungi
• Explanation: Fungi decompose organic matter.

20. Which of these is not true about viruses?

1. They have DNA or RNA
2. They have a cellular structure
3. They reproduce inside host cells
4. They are obligate parasites

• Answer: b) They have a cellular structure
• Explanation: Viruses are acellular.

21. Which scientist discovered bacteria?

1. Pasteur
2. Robert Koch
3. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
4. Linnaeus

• Answer: c) Anton van Leeuwenhoek
• Explanation: He first observed bacteria under a microscope.

22. Bacteriophages infect:

1. Plants
2. Animals
3. Bacteria
4. Fungi

• Answer: c) Bacteria
• Explanation: “Bacteriophage” means bacteria-eating virus.

23. Which is a unicellular fungus?

1. Rhizopus
2. Mushroom
3. Yeast
4. Penicillium

• Answer: c) Yeast
• Explanation: Yeast is the only unicellular fungus.

24. Algae are primarily:

1. Heterotrophs
2. Saprophytes
3. Autotrophs
4. Parasites

• Answer: c) Autotrophs
• Explanation: They synthesize food using sunlight.

25. Which of the following is not included in Monera?

1. Bacteria
2. Cyanobacteria
3. Archaebacteria
4. Protozoa

• Answer: d) Protozoa
• Explanation: Protozoa belong to Protista.

26. Which of the following has cellulose in its cell wall?

1. Fungi
2. Plants
3. Bacteria
4. Animals

• Answer: b) Plants
• Explanation: Plant cell walls are made of cellulose.

27. Kingdom Animalia includes:

1. Multicellular heterotrophs
2. Multicellular autotrophs
3. Unicellular heterotrophs
4. Both autotrophs and heterotrophs

• Answer: a) Multicellular heterotrophs
• Explanation: Animals are multicellular and heterotrophic.

28. The first living organism on earth was:

1. Eukaryotic
2. Prokaryotic
3. Multicellular
4. Autotrophic

• Answer: b) Prokaryotic
• Explanation: The earliest life forms were simple prokaryotes.

29. Euglena belongs to which kingdom?

1. Plantae
2. Protista
3. Monera
4. Fungi

• Answer: b) Protista
• Explanation: Euglena is a photosynthetic flagellated protist.

30. Which of these shows both plant and animal characteristics?

1. Paramecium
2. Euglena
3. Amoeba
4. Chlamydomonas

• Answer: b) Euglena
• Explanation: Euglena photosynthesizes like plants and moves like animals.