NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Judiciary

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Judiciary – Social and Political Life is given below to download for free in PDF format. Students can download the PDF of Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 to get started with their preparation. These solutions cover Judiciary Class 8 questions and answers, helping students understand the judicial system comprehensively.

Five different concepts about the judiciary have been explained in this chapter. Students will comprehend why the judiciary's independence is critical to its proper functioning. To explain these processes, various instances of decision-making processes have been used. In NCERT Solutions Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 Judiciary, we have provided answers to exercise problems.

Students looking for Judiciary Class 8 notes will find detailed explanations and question answers to strengthen their concepts. Whether you are searching for Class 8 Judiciary question answers, Civics Class 8th Chapter 4 solutions, or the Judiciary Class 8 questions and answers, this resource will help in quick and effective revision.

Additionally, Class 8 Civics Ch 4 Judiciary covers topics such as what is judiciary Class 8, its structure, and its role in democracy. With Judiciary NCERT Solution Class 8 Civics, students can grasp key concepts and prepare confidently for exams. By referring to Civics Ch 4 Class 8 solutions, students can ensure a strong understanding of Class 8 Chapter Judiciary and score well in exams.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 The Judiciary - Question Answer

Here are Chapter 4 Judiciary class 8 questions and answers from NCERT textbook:

You read that one of the main functions of the judiciary is 'upholding the law and Enforcing Fundamental Rights.' Why do you think an independent judiciary must carry out this important function?

Ans. An independent judiciary can be able to protect our fundamental rights. The court is, above all, prejudiced. It is, above all, caste, creed, or religion. This is the only cause that it conducts a fair trial and gives fair Justice. An independent judiciary provides impartial judgment, which is very important in a democracy. Any influence from any individual or machinery cannot affect the judiciary.

Re-read the list of Fundamental Rights provided in Chapter 1. How do you think the Right to Constitutional Remedies connects to judicial review?

Ans. The right to constitutional Remedies allows citizens to approach the court if they believe that the state has violated any of their Fundamental Rights. The judiciary has the power to strike down particular laws passed by the parliament if it finds that they violate the basic structure of the constitution. Thus, the right to remedies connects to judicial review.

In the following illustration, fill in each tier with the judgments given by the various courts in the Sudha Goel case. Check your responses with others in the class.

1. Lower Court: The lower court convicted Laxman, his mother Shakuntala, and his brother-in-law Subhash Chandra and sentenced them to death.
2. High Court: When the three accused went to High Court to appeal against the trial court verdict. The High Court decided that Sudha had died from an accidental fire caused by the kerosene stove. The high court acquitted Laxman, Shakuntala, and Subhash Chandra.
3. Supreme Court: The Supreme Court found Laxman and his mother guilty but acquitted the brother-in-law Subhash because they did not have enough evidence against him. The Supreme Court decided to send the accused to prison for Life.

Keefe the Sudha Goel case in mind, tick the actual sentences and correct the false ones.

(a) The accused took the case to the High Court because they were unhappy with the decision of the Trial Court.

Ans. True

(b) They went to the High Court after the Supreme Court decided.

Ans. False

(c) If they do not like the Supreme Court verdict, the accused can return to the Trial Court again.

Ans. False

Why do you think the introduction of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the 1980s is a significant step in ensuring access to Justice for all?

(i) PIL is a significant step in ensuring access to Justice for all. It allows any individual or organization to file a PIL in the high court or the Supreme Court on behalf of those whose rights are violated. Its legal process is greatly simplified. Even a letter or telegram addressed to the Supreme Court or the High court can be treated as a PIL.

In the early years, PIL was used to secure Justice on many issues, such as rescuing bonded laborers from inhuman work conditions; and securing the release of prisoners in Bihar who had been kept in jail even after their punishment term was complete.

Re-read excerpts from the Olga Tellis vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation case judgment.

Now write in your own words what the judges meant when they said that the Right to Livelihood was part of the Right to Life.

In the Olgao Tellis vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation case, the judges meant that the Right to Life had a wider meaning. It included the Right to Livelihood. Without means of Livelihood, none can exist. By Livelihood, one earns money to buy food, clothing, and shelter. Hence, none can be denied his Livelihood.

The right to Life is the Fundamental Right of every citizen.

Also Check: More NCERT Class 8 Study Material

• NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science
• NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths
• NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science
• NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English

Write a story around the theme, 'Justice delayed is Justice denied.

One goes to court to get Justice, but when there is a delay in Justice, individuals lose their hope, and hence, e-Justice is denied.

If Justice is not carried out at the right time, then even if it is carried out later, it is not natural Justice because when there was a demand for Justice, there was a lack of Justice.

Example

Upphar Cinema case A couple of years ago, a committee was set up under the vision of Justice V.S. Malimath to examine changes. Its report came; it took 6 years to prove that 59 people died because of criminal negligence by cinema management and the Delhi government.

Q1. What is the role of the judiciary in India?

Ans. The judiciary interprets the Constitution and laws, protects Fundamental Rights, settles disputes (citizen–citizen, citizen–state, state–state), ensures the rule of law by checking arbitrariness, and acts as a check on the legislature and executive (separation of powers).

Q2. What do you mean by “independence of judiciary”? Why is it important?

Ans. Independence of judiciary means courts are free from influence or control of the executive and legislature. It is ensured by secure tenure, fixed salaries, a difficult removal process, and no interference in judicial work. This independence is vital to give fair decisions, safeguard rights, and uphold the Constitution even against powerful authorities.

Q3. Describe the structure of courts in India.

Ans. India has a three-tier pyramid:

• Supreme Court (apex, in New Delhi)
• High Courts (in states/UTs)
• Subordinate Courts (District and lower courts)
  This structure allows appeals from lower to higher courts, ensuring uniformity in justice across the country.

Q4. What is judicial review?

Ans. Judicial review is the power of the Supreme Court and High Courts to examine laws and executive actions. If they violate the Constitution or Fundamental Rights, courts can strike them down or read them in a constitutional manner. This keeps all authorities within constitutional limits.

Q5. What is Public Interest Litigation (PIL)? How does it improve access to justice?

Ans. PIL allows any person or group to approach the court for a public cause (e.g., environment, bonded labour, custodial violence). The courts even accept simple letters in genuine cases. PIL reduces cost and technical barriers, making justice accessible to the poor and marginalized.

Q6. How does the judiciary protect Fundamental Rights? Give two ways.

Ans. (i) By issuing writs (like habeas corpus, mandamus) to stop rights violations and order authorities to act lawfully.
(ii) By entertaining Fundamental Rights petitions/PILs, granting remedies (compensation, directions), and using judicial review to invalidate unconstitutional laws or actions.

1. Make sentences with each glossary word given on the next page.

• Acquit:
• To Appeal
• Compensation:
• Eviction:
• Violation:

Answer

1. Acquit: The jury decided to acquit the defendant based on insufficient evidence to convict him of the crime.
2. To Appeal: The defendant appealed to the High Court after his lawyer said the court's decision was incorrect.
3. Compensation: In compensation for the trouble caused due to flight delay, the airlines awarded the victim fifty thousand rupees.
4. Eviction: The couple faced eviction because they failed to pay the monthly installments to the bank.
5. Violation: The office staff protested the company for violating their rights.

Read this poster and list the duties of the government to uphold the Right to Food.

1. How does the phrase "Hungry stomachs, overflowing go downs! We will not accept it!!" used in the poster relate to the photo essay on the Right to Food on page 61?

Ans. The constitution provides the Right to Right under fundamental rights. Suppose this right is Right or affected for any reason, the Government solely liable for this. Suppose one dies out of hunger, the Government responsible for it. The government must uphold the Right to Food and Government sure by using the Ration system to provide cheap food and make it available to all. It is the duty of the Government provide food security to all.

Judiciary NCERT Class 8 Summary

Specific laws apply equally to all people in India, and a set of predetermined procedures must be followed when a law is broken. The judicial system, which includes court mechanisms, enforces the rule of law. When a law is broken, a citizen might file a complaint with the court. As a government organ, the judiciary plays a critical role in the functioning of India's democracy.

Dispute settlement, judicial review, upholding the law, and enforcing fundamental rights are all court functions.

The following are the topics covered in this chapter: 

• What does it mean to have an independent judiciary?
• Separation of powers is a legal concept that refers to the separation of powers between
• In India, the court system is organized uniquely.
• Laxman Kumar and Others vs. State (Delhi Administration) (1985)
• The various facets of the legal system
• Legal distinctions between criminal and civil law
• Is it true that everyone has access to the courts?

Resources and Development are crucial for the Social Sciences course in Class 8. Apart from this chapter, the linked article contains the complete NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science set.