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Updated on 15 Sep 2025, 13:07 IST
Civics Chapter 1 The Indian Constitution is an essential part of CBSE Class 8 Social Science Syllabus. This page gives you complete, step-by-step The Indian Constitution Class 8 NCERT solutions with clear Class 8 Civics Chapter 1 questions and answers, a crisp Class 8 Civics Chapter 1 summary, and a NCERT Class 8 Civics Ch 1 solutions PDF .
With this students can revise the key features of the Indian Constitution (Class 8)—federalism, parliamentary form of government, separation of powers, and fundamental rights. This NCERT Solutions also touch on the making of the Indian Constitution, the difference between State and Government (Class 8), and other Indian Constitution Class 8 important points in simple words.
Inside, students will find answers to the exact NCERT prompts—like “why does a democratic country need a constitution” (Class 8)—plus quick revision of the three organs (legislature–executive–judiciary), minority questions, and border-states mapping. Download the Class 8 Civics exercise answers PDF (NCERT solutions free PDF download).
Students looking for easy and clear answers for Class 8 Civics Chapter 1, this PDF guide is just what you need. It includes well-explained class 8 civics chapter 1 question answers along with helpful extra questions and answers to boost your preparation.
The PDF format makes it easy to read and revise anytime, anywhere. These class 8 civics chapter 1 PDF question answer sets follow the latest CBSE Class 8 Social Science Syllabus, helping you understand key topics like the Indian Constitution in a simple way.
Download the class 8 civics chapter 1 PDF now and make your learning smooth and stress-free!
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A Constitution lays down the basic rules and ideals that everyone—citizens and governments—must follow. It (i) defines the nature of the State and the goals we collectively value, (ii) limits government power so it isn’t misused, and (iii) provides rights and remedies for citizens. In short, it is the common rule-book that enables democratic decision-making while protecting people from arbitrary authority.
Without constitutional limits, representatives could act arbitrarily—favour groups, silence critics, or bypass due process. This risks majority domination, rights violations, and erosion of rule of law. Constitutional checks (like Fundamental Rights and separation of powers) ensure accountability and protect citizens.
| Situation | Minority | Why respect their views? |
| (a) School with 30 teachers; 20 are male | Female teachers (10) | Inclusivity in staff decisions; prevents gender-based marginalisation. |
| (b) City where 5% are Buddhists | Buddhists (5%) | Safeguards freedom of belief; protects small communities’ cultural rights. |
| (c) Factory mess where 80% are vegetarians | Non-vegetarians (20%) | Ensures fair choices in common facilities; avoids imposing majority preferences. |
| (d) Class of 50; 40 from well-off families | Less well-off students (10) | Guarantees equitable participation; prevents decisions skewed by privilege. |
In a democracy, minority voices are essential to fairness and preventing the tyranny of the majority.
| Key Feature | Why this matters (2 sentences) |
| Federalism | Power is shared between the Union and the States so decisions can be taken closer to people and diverse needs are addressed. It also prevents power concentration at one level by clearly listing subjects for each government. |
| Separation of Powers | Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary have distinct roles so that each checks the others. This keeps governance within the law and curbs misuse of authority. |
| Fundamental Rights | These are enforceable rights that protect individuals against arbitrary State action and against other individuals. Courts can be approached for remedies if these rights are violated. |
| Parliamentary Form of Government | The Executive is accountable to the Legislature, ensuring decisions face debate and scrutiny. This promotes responsible government and can remove a failing executive through a no-confidence vote. |
What it means: Power is divided between two levels of government—the Union (national) government and the State governments—so decisions can be taken close to people while keeping national unity. Subjects are listed (Union/State/Concurrent) to avoid overlap.Why it matters: It prevents over-centralisation and allows states to address local needs.Example:Police and public order are State subjects—Rajasthan Police or Kerala Police handle law and order in their own states; defence and currency are Union subjects handled by the central government.
What it means: The Executive (Prime Minister and Council of Ministers) is drawn from and accountable to the Legislature (Lok Sabha). If it loses support, it must resign.Why it matters: Ensures day-to-day accountability through questions, debates, and votes.Example: A no-confidence motion in the Lok Sabha can remove a government that no longer enjoys majority support.
What it means: The Legislature makes laws, the Executive implements them, and the Judiciary interprets them and protects the Constitution. Each can check the others.Why it matters: Prevents concentration of power and guards against arbitrary actions.Example: Courts can strike down a law or an executive order if it violates Fundamental Rights or the Constitution (judicial review).
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What it includes (in simple words):
Why it matters: Rights are enforceable—citizens can approach the courts for protection.Example: If a peaceful protest is stopped unlawfully, people can move the High Court or Supreme Court to safeguard their freedom of expression and assembly.
Question: What is a Constitution?
Answer: A Constitution is a set of rules and principles that tells how a country is governed.
Question: Why does a country need a Constitution?
Answer: A country needs a Constitution to provide a framework for government and laws, and to protect the rights of its citizens.
Question: What is the Preamble of the Indian Constitution?
Answer: The Preamble is the introduction to the Constitution. It states the goals and values of the nation.
Question: What does the Preamble say about India?
Answer: The Preamble describes India as a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic and promises Justice, Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity to all its citizens.
Question: What are Fundamental Rights?
Answer: Fundamental Rights are basic human rights guaranteed by the Constitution to all citizens, like the right to equality, freedom, and education.
Question: Can Fundamental Rights be taken away?
Answer: No, Fundamental Rights cannot be taken away, but they can be restricted under certain conditions for the safety and security of the country.
Question: What are Directive Principles of State Policy?
Answer: Directive Principles are guidelines for the government to follow to create social and economic conditions for citizens' well-being.
Question: How does the Constitution ensure that no one has too much power?
Answer: The Constitution ensures no one has too much power by dividing government power into three branches: the Legislature, the Executive, and the Judiciary.
Question: What is the role of the Legislature?
Answer: The Legislature makes laws for the country.
Question: What is the role of the Judiciary?
Answer: The Judiciary interprets laws, protects Fundamental Rights, and ensures justice.
Students will learn about the Indian Constitution and how it has evolved into a viable governance structure for the country's people in this chapter of NCERT Civics Class 8. The author explores the importance of the Constitution in a democratic democracy in this chapter.
In this chapter, the essential characteristics of the Indian Constitution have been discussed in depth. The following are some of the key characteristics of the Indian Constitution:
The class 8 civics chapter 1 question answers offer several benefits to help students perform well:
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Whether it’s for class 8 civics chapter 1 question answers or understanding the Indian Constitution class 8, these NCERT solutions are a must-have for every student.
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Four core features: Federalism (power shared between Union & States), Parliamentary form of government (executive accountable to legislature), Separation of powers (legislature–executive–judiciary have distinct roles), and Fundamental Rights (enforceable rights that protect citizens).
It works as a rule-book that
(i) defines how government is formed and runs,
(ii) limits power to stop misuse, and
(iii) protects citizens’ rights so even the majority can’t act arbitrarily.
Power is divided among Legislature (makes laws), Executive (implements laws), and Judiciary (interprets laws). Example: A court can strike down a law/executive order that violates Fundamental Rights.
The State is the larger, permanent structure (territory, institutions, laws). The Government is the temporary team that runs the State for a term; it can change after elections, but the State continues.
(1) Right to Equality
(2) Right to Freedom
(3) Right against Exploitation
(4) Right to Freedom of Religion
(5) Cultural & Educational Rights
(6) Right to Constitutional Remedies (move courts if rights are violated).
Six questions. They test: the need for a Constitution, who holds executive power in different systems, why limits on elected representatives are needed, identifying the minority and respecting its views, mapping key features → significance, and listing states bordering neighbours.