Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 2

Nutrition In Animals Class 7 Extra Questions And Answers can greatly help students reinforce their understanding. These extra questions are aligned with the CBSE syllabus and are ideal for CBSE exam preparation. They test knowledge and improve comprehension of nutritional processes crucial for animals, including humans.

Nutrition in Animals class 7 questions with answers gets into how animals, including humans, ingest and digest food, a key aspect of the biological sciences syllabus. These Class 7 science extra questions are not directly asked in NCERT textbook but our teachers have created these extra questions which will help students assess their understanding, identify areas for improvement, and prepare thoroughly for exams. This approach ensures students understand the concepts, not just memorize facts. Get answers of you NCERT science textbook questions from NCERT Solutions for class 7 science.

Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions And Answers Pdf

Understanding nutrition in animals is a vital part of the Class 7 Science curriculum. This topic delves into the various processes animals use to obtain and utilize food, providing students with a comprehensive understanding of animal physiology and dietary needs. The Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions And Answers PDF is an invaluable resource for students aiming to reinforce their knowledge and prepare for exams.

This PDF covers a range of important concepts including the modes of nutrition, the human digestive system, digestion in other animals, and the role of different nutrients. It offers extra questions and detailed answers, helping students to practice and master the material. This resource is designed to complement classroom learning, ensuring students can tackle exam questions with confidence and clarity. 

Whether it’s understanding how different animals adapt their feeding habits or the intricate processes of the human digestive system, this Class 7 science chapter 2 nutrition in animals extra questions and answers PDF provides thorough explanations and practice opportunities for all key areas of the topic.

Class 7 Science Chapter 2 Extra Questions - Short Extra Questions and Answers

Question: Total Number of Teeth in an Adult Human?

Answer: An adult human has a total of 32 teeth, which includes 8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 premolars, and 12 molars.

Question: Parts of the Alimentary Canal?

1. Water gets absorbed from undigested food.
2. Digested food gets absorbed.
3. Taste of the food is perceived.
4. Bile juice is produced.

Answer:

1. Large intestine
2. Small intestine
3. Mouth
4. Liver

Question: Location of Salivary Gland?

Answer: Salivary glands are located in the mouth. There are three pairs: the parotid (near the upper cheeks), submandibular (under the jaw), and sublingual (under the tongue) glands.

Question: Identifying Drinks Blindfolded?

Answer: Drinks can be identified blindfolded by using the senses of smell and taste, which are stimulated by the flavor and aroma of the drinks.

Question: Why We Should Not Eat Hurriedly?

Answer: Eating hurriedly can lead to improper chewing, which makes digestion more difficult and can cause indigestion and discomfort.

Question: Secretions of the Stomach that Digest Food?

Answer: The stomach secretes gastric juice, which contains hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and mucus. Pepsin is the enzyme responsible for protein digestion.

Question: Role of Mucus Secreted by the Stomach?

Answer: Mucus protects the inner lining of the stomach from the corrosive effects of hydrochloric acid and provides a slippery base for the movement of the food mixture, aiding in digestion.

Question: Long Structure of the Small Intestine in a Small Space?

Answer: The small intestine is long to maximize the surface area for absorption and is coiled and folded within the abdomen to fit into a limited space.

Question: Where Digestive Juices from the Liver and Pancreas are Poured?

Answer: Digestive juices from the liver (bile) and pancreas (pancreatic juice) are poured into the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine.

Question: Organ from Which Undigested Faecal Matter is Removed?

Answer: Undigested faecal matter is removed from the body via the rectum and anus, parts of the large intestine.

Question: Position of the Rumen in Ruminants?

Answer: The rumen is the largest compartment of the stomach in ruminants, located on the left side of the animal. It serves as the primary site for microbial fermentation of ingested plant-based food.

Question: What is Assimilation?

Answer: Assimilation is the process by which the digested food is absorbed into the bloodstream and utilized by the body cells for energy, growth, and repair.

Question: Brief Description of the Alimentary Canal?

Answer: The alimentary canal is a long, muscular tube that runs from the mouth to the anus. It includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus, involved in the ingestion, digestion, absorption of food, and excretion of waste.

Question: Simple Forms of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins?

Answer:

• Carbohydrates: Glucose
• Fats: Fatty acids and glycerol
• Proteins: Amino acids

Question: Shape of the Stomach?

Answer: The stomach is typically J-shaped, located in the upper left portion of the abdominal cavity.

Question: Role of Hydrochloric Acid Secreted by Gastric Glands?

Answer: Hydrochloric acid helps in the digestion of food by providing an acidic medium, which activates the enzyme pepsin. It also kills harmful bacteria that enter the stomach with the food.

Question: What is a hiccup?

Answer: A hiccup is a sudden, involuntary contraction of the diaphragm muscle followed by the quick closure of the vocal cords, which produces the characteristic "hic" sound.

Question: Why do we get hiccups?

Answer: Hiccups occur for various reasons including eating too quickly, consuming very hot or spicy food, drinking carbonated beverages, emotional stress or excitement, and conditions that irritate the nerves controlling the diaphragm such as gastroesophageal reflux.

Question: What are the values shown by Rishi?

Answer: While the question does not provide specific details about Rishi's actions, it can be inferred that Rishi might demonstrate values such as patience and calmness, especially if he is helping someone manage their hiccups, showing care and understanding towards the discomfort of others.

Question: Name the term used to describe the condition in which a person passes out watery stools.

Answer: The condition of passing watery stools frequently is known as "diarrhoea."

Question: Name the solution of sugar and salt in water. Why is it given to a person suffering from diarrhoea?

Answer: This solution is known as Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS). It is given to a person suffering from diarrhoea to replace the fluids and electrolytes (such as sodium and potassium) lost through watery stools. ORS helps prevent or treat dehydration, which is a common and serious complication of diarrhoea.

Question: What are the values shown by Jaya?

Answer: Similar to Rishi's scenario, specific actions by Jaya are not detailed, but assuming she is involved in caring for someone with diarrhoea, she likely shows compassion, responsibility, and empathy by ensuring that the sick individual receives proper care and hydration.

Question: Which organ secretes the bile juice?

Answer: Bile juice is secreted by the liver.

Question: Why is digestion of fats difficult as compared to that of other nutrients?

Answer: Digestion of fats is more challenging than other nutrients because fats are insoluble in water, making them harder to break down in the water-based environment of the digestive tract.

Question: How does bile juice help in digestion of fats?

Answer: Bile juice contains bile salts that help in the emulsification of fats. Emulsification breaks down large fat globules into smaller droplets, increasing the surface area for the digestive enzymes, specifically lipases, to act upon, thus aiding in more effective fat digestion.

Question: Where is the digestion of fat completed?

Answer: The digestion of fat is completed in the small intestine, primarily in the duodenum and jejunum, where pancreatic lipases break down the emulsified fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

Question: Does bile juice digest fat completely?

Answer:  No, bile juice does not digest fats completely; it primarily aids in the emulsification of fats. The actual chemical digestion of fats into fatty acids and glycerol is carried out by pancreatic lipases in the small intestine.

Question: Define oral rehydration solution and when it is given to the patient? How can you prepare ORS at home?

Answer:  Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) is a fluid replacement solution used to prevent and treat dehydration, especially due to diarrhoea. It contains a precise mixture of salts, glucose, and water that replenishes the body's fluids and electrolytes.

Also Read: Class 7 Science Chapter 2 Nutrition in Animals MCQ

Question: When is ORS given?

Answer: ORS is given during episodes of diarrhoea to prevent dehydration. It is particularly crucial for young children, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems.

Preparation at home:

To prepare ORS at home:

• Boil and cool 1 liter of water.
• Add 6 level teaspoons of sugar and a half level teaspoon of salt.
• Stir the mixture till the sugar and salt dissolve completely.
• This homemade ORS should be consumed within 24 hours and stored in a clean, covered container.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Other Chapters

Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions - Long Answer Type Questions

Question: Why we cannot digest cellulose like the cattle do?

Answer: Humans cannot digest cellulose because we lack the necessary enzyme, cellulase, which breaks down cellulose into simpler sugars. Cattle and other ruminants have a specialized stomach with multiple chambers, one of which, the rumen, contains microorganisms that produce cellulase. These microorganisms help break down cellulose, allowing cattle to extract nutrients from plant-based materials.

Question: Can we survive only on raw, leafy vegetables/grass? Discuss.

Answer: Humans cannot survive healthily on a diet of only raw, leafy vegetables or grass. While such a diet could provide some vitamins and minerals, it would lack adequate amounts of essential nutrients like proteins, fats, and carbohydrates needed for energy and overall health. Additionally, humans cannot digest cellulose found in grass, which means they cannot access any nutritional content that might be encased within the cellulose structure.

Question: Explain the process of digestion in grass-eating animals.

Answer: Grass-eating animals, such as cows, are ruminants with a complex stomach divided into four compartments: the rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum. The process begins in the rumen, where microbes ferment the ingested plant material, breaking down the cellulose. The food then moves to the reticulum where it is regurgitated as cud and rechewed to further break down the plant material. It then proceeds to the omasum, where water and many of the nutrients are absorbed, finally moving to the abomasum where it is digested similarly to a monogastric (single-chambered stomach) animal.

Question: Write a short note on digestion in starfish.

Answer: Starfish have a unique digestive system with a mouth at the center of their underside and a stomach that can extend out of their mouth to externally digest their food, mainly mollusks. The partially digested material is then brought back into their stomach for further digestion. This allows starfish to consume prey larger than what would typically fit into their small mouths.

Question: Write a short note on large intestine.

Answer: The large intestine, also known as the colon, is the final section of the gastrointestinal tract. Its primary function is to absorb water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and to compact the remaining waste into feces. The large intestine also houses a large number of bacteria that play a role in the digestive process, and in maintaining gut health.

Question: How can we prevent tooth decay?

Answer: Tooth decay can be prevented by maintaining good oral hygiene, which includes brushing teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, flossing daily, and reducing the intake of sugary and acidic foods and drinks. Regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings are also crucial for preventing decay and identifying problems early.

Question: What are villi? What is their location and function?

Answer: Villi are small, finger-like projections located on the inner wall of the small intestine. Their function is to increase the surface area for absorption, enhancing the efficiency of nutrient uptake from digested food into the bloodstream. Each villus contains blood vessels and a lymphatic vessel called a lacteal, which help transport absorbed nutrients.

Question: What are the functions of the tongue in the human body?

Answer: The tongue plays several crucial roles in the human body: it assists in chewing by manipulating food, it helps in swallowing, it is vital for speech, and it contains taste buds that enable us to taste food.

Question: Name the type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans. Give the reason also.

Answer: The type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans is cellulose. Ruminants can digest cellulose because their rumen contains microorganisms that produce the enzyme cellulase, which breaks down cellulose. Humans lack these microorganisms and thus cannot produce cellulase, making it impossible for us to digest cellulose.

Question: What is tooth decay?

Answer: Tooth decay, also known as dental caries, is the destruction of tooth enamel caused by acid produced when bacteria in the mouth break down sugar. The acid erodes the enamel and, if untreated, can lead to further damage to the dentin and pulp of the tooth, potentially causing pain and tooth loss.

Question: Explain the process of nutrition in Amoeba.

Answer: Amoeba ingests food through a process called phagocytosis, where the cell membrane extends outward to encircle the food item, forming a food vacuole. Digestive enzymes are then secreted into the vacuole to break down the food into simpler absorbable substances. These nutrients are absorbed into the cytoplasm, and the undigested residue is expelled by the amoeba through a process called exocytosis.

Question: What substances are secreted in the stomach?

Answer: The stomach secretes gastric juice, which contains hydrochloric acid (HCl), pepsinogen (which is activated to pepsin), mucus, and intrinsic factor. Hydrochloric acid creates an acidic environment, which helps in the activation of enzymes and kills harmful pathogens; pepsinogen is an enzyme precursor that helps digest proteins; mucus protects the stomach lining from acid; and intrinsic factor is crucial for vitamin B12 absorption.

Question: Write one similarity and one difference between the nutrition in amoeba and human beings.

Answer: Similarity: Both amoeba and human beings digest their food enzymatically in order to absorb nutrients. Difference: Amoeba use phagocytosis to ingest food directly through their cell membrane, whereas humans have a complex digestive system composed of multiple organs.

Question: How does the stomach work?

Answer: The stomach functions primarily to break down and digest food. It mechanically churns the food with its muscular walls and chemically digests it using gastric juices. These juices contain hydrochloric acid, which helps denature proteins and activate enzymes, and pepsin, which begins the protein digestion process. The stomach's mucosal layer secretes mucus to protect its lining from being eroded by its own acidic environment.

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