NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Transportation in Animals and Plants

In earlier chapters, we learned that all living organisms need food, water, and oxygen to stay alive. These important substances need to be carried to all parts of the body. In animals, waste materials also need to be moved to places where they can be removed from the body. But how does this transportation happen inside the body? In this chapter, we will explore how transport of substances takes place in animals and plants to support life processes.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7 – Transportation in Animals and Plants by Infinity Learn offers complete and accurate answers to all textbook questions, supported with clear diagrams and important concepts. These solutions help students understand key topics like the circulatory system, excretion in animals, and transport of water and food in plants. 

Designed as per the latest NCERT syllabus, these answers are written in simple language, making it easier for students to learn and revise. Practicing these well-explained solutions can boost exam preparation and improve performance in school tests and final exams.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Class 7 Science takes us into the amazing world of the human circulatory system. In this chapter, we find out how the heart, our body’s natural pump, works day and night to circulate blood. We explore the four chambers of the heart and learn how each part plays a special role. It also answers a curious question: Why is our blood red? The reason is a red pigment called haemoglobin, found in red blood cells, which helps carry oxygen throughout the body.

The chapter teaches us about the three types of blood vessels – arteries, veins, and capillaries, and how each plays a special role in carrying blood throughout the body. You also learn how to measure your pulse rate, which shows how fast your heart is beating.

Apart from this, it also explains the excretory system in humans and animals, showing how our body gets rid of waste products like urea and excess water. You’ll understand the roles of kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra in the removal of wastes.

Lastly, the chapter takes us through the process of transportation in plants—how roots absorb water and minerals, and how these are carried to the leaves through xylem. It also tells us how food prepared in leaves is sent to other parts of the plant through phloem.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Download Free PDF 2025-26

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7 – Transportation in Animals and Plants (Free PDF Download 2025–26) is now available to help you start your exam preparation the right way. This NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7 PDF includes complete solutions, important diagrams, and key concepts explained in simple language. 

Once you understand the chapter, you can practice all the questions and diagrams that are most likely to appear in exams. The solutions are prepared by expert teachers and are strictly based on the latest CBSE syllabus. You can also learn how to frame correct and to-the-point answers in exams by referring to these solutions.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Textbook Questions - Exercise 1

1. Match Column I with functions given in Column II.

Answer:

i) Stomata – b) Transpiration

ii) Xylem – d) Transport of water

iii) Root hairs – a) Absorption of water

iv) Phloem – c) Transport of food

2. Fill in the blanks.

(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the _________.
Answer: Arteries

(ii) Haemoglobin is present in _________ cells.
Answer: Red blood

(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of _________.
Answer: Capillaries

(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called _________.
Answer: Heartbeat

(v) The main excretory product in human beings is _________.
Answer: Urea

(vi) Sweat contains water and _________.
Answer: Salts

(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called _________.
Answer: Urine

(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by _________.
Answer: Transpiration

3. Choose the correct option.

(a) In plants, water is transported through
i) Xylem ii) Phloem iii) Stomata iv) Root hair
Answer: i) Xylem

(b) Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plants:
i) In the shade ii) In dim light iii) Under the fan iv) Covered with a polythene bag
Answer: iii) Under the fan

4. Why is the transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal? Explain.
Answer: Transport is necessary because all living cells need food, water, and oxygen to stay active and alive. These materials must reach every part of the body. Also, waste products formed inside the body need to be taken away and removed. Without transport, cells wouldn’t get what they need or get rid of wastes, which can harm the organism’s health.

5. What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood?
Answer: Platelets help in blood clotting. If there are no platelets, bleeding will not stop after an injury. This can lead to excessive blood loss, infection, and even death in serious cases.

6. What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata.
Answer: Stomata are tiny openings found mainly on the lower surface of leaves. They are controlled by guard cells that open and close the pores as needed.

Functions of stomata:

• They help plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen during photosynthesis.
• They help in the release of excess water from the leaves through transpiration.

7. Does transpiration serve any useful function in plants? Explain.
Answer: Yes, transpiration is very useful for plants. It helps in:

Creating a suction pull that moves water from the roots to the leaves.

Cooling the plant by releasing water vapor, especially on hot days.

8. What are the components of blood?
Answer: Blood is made of:

• Plasma – the liquid part that carries nutrients and waste.
• Red Blood Cells (RBCs) – carry oxygen using haemoglobin.
• White Blood Cells (WBCs) – fight infection.
• Platelets – help in clotting of blood.

9. Why is blood needed by all parts of the body?
Answer: Blood is important because it:

Carries oxygen to cells and removes carbon dioxide.

Transports nutrients and hormones to body parts.

Removes wastes to excretory organs.

Fights infections and keeps the body healthy.

10. What makes the blood look red?
Answer: The blood looks red because of a red-coloured pigment called haemoglobin in RBCs. Haemoglobin contains iron, which reflects red light and gives blood its red colour.

11. Describe the function of the heart.
Answer: The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood through the body. Its functions are:

1. Pumps oxygen-rich blood to body parts.
2. It receives blood filled with carbon dioxide from the body and sends it to the lungs for purification.
3. Maintains blood circulation and blood pressure.
4. Helps in the continuous transport of substances.

12. Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?
Answer: Our body produces waste during various activities. If not removed, these wastes become toxic and can damage our organs. That’s why excretion is important — to keep the body clean and healthy.

13. Draw a diagram of the human excretory system and label the parts.

14. Define excretion and name the system involved in it.
Answer: Excretion is the process of removing waste products made in the body. The system responsible for this is called the Excretory System.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Important Concepts

Circulatory System – How Blood Moves in the Body

In most animals, blood carries oxygen and food to all the body cells and removes waste materials for excretion.

1. The circulatory system is made up of the heart and a network of blood vessels.
2. In the human body, the heart keeps pumping blood, which travels through arteries and veins to reach different parts.
3. Blood is made up of four main components: plasma, red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets.
4. Blood appears red because of a special substance called haemoglobin, which is found in red blood cells.
5. The human heart beats 70–80 times per minute in a resting adult.
6. Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
7. Veins bring blood back to the heart.

Excretory System – Removal of Wastes

Excretion means removing harmful waste from the body.

1. The human body has two kidneys, two ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra that work together to remove waste.
2. Our body gets rid of extra water, salts, and urea through sweat.
3. Fishes release ammonia directly into water.
4. Birds, insects, and lizards release uric acid in a thick, semi-solid form.

Transpiration and Transport in Plants

1. Plants take in water and minerals from the soil through their roots.
2. The extra water that plants don’t need escapes as water vapor through tiny openings on the leaves called stomata.
3. This process is called transpiration.
4. Transpiration creates a pulling force that helps move water up from roots to leaves, even in tall trees.
5. It also helps keep the plant cool.
6. Water and minerals move through a tissue called xylem.
7. Phloem is a plant tissue that transports the food prepared in the leaves to all other parts of the plant.