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By Karan Singh Bisht
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Updated on 4 Sep 2025, 15:39 IST
The Drainage chapter in Class 9 Geography explains the network of rivers and water bodies that shape India’s landscape. It covers drainage patterns, major river systems, and their importance in the country’s geography and economy. This chapter also highlights India’s key rivers, their tributaries, and various drainage types, emphasizing their role in water management and environmental conservation.
Infinity Learn makes it easier for students to grasp Drainage Class 9 Important Questions and Answers PDF along with other key topics from Class 9 Geography Important Questions. Students can download the PDF and study anytime, ensuring quick revision as per the latest CBSE Class 9 Social Science syllabus.
Question 1. What is a drainage?
Answer: A system of flowing water from the higher level to the lower level.
Question 2. What is the area drained by a single river system called?
Answer: Drainage basin.
Question 3. What are the different patterns formed by the streams? Answer:
Question 4. Name the two main drainage basins. Answer:
Question 5. Which type of drainage pattern does an area have where hard and soft rocks exist parallel to each other?
Answer: Trellis pattern.
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Question 6. What is a drainage river basin?
Answer: The area drained by a single river system is called a river basin or a drainage basin.
Question 7. What is meant by watershed or a water divide?
Answer: The upland or a mountain which separates two adjoining drainage basins is known as a watershed or a water divide, e.g., Ambala.
Question 8. On what does the stream within a drainage basin depend?
Answer:
Question 9. Which is the main water divide in southern India?
Answer: Western Ghats.
Question 10. Zaskar and Nubra are important tributaries of which river?
Answer: Indus river.
Question 11. Name the three main Himalayan river systems.
Answer:
Question 12. What is a gorge? HOTS
Answer: A deep narrow opening formed by the river in the upper course, e.g., the gorge formed by the river Indus.
Question 13. Name three depositional features formed by the Himalayan rivers. Answer:
Question 14. Name any four depositional features of the Himalayan rivers in their middle and lower course. Answer:
Question 15. Where does the river Indus rise?
Answer: In Tibet, near the Mansarovar lake.
Question 16. Name the tributaries of river Indus.
Answer: The Zaskar, the Shyok, the Nubra and the Hunza.
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Question 17. Name the two main groups into which the river systems of India are classified.
Answer:
Question 18. Why are the Himalayan rivers perennial?
Answer:
Question 19. Name the city located on the water divide between the Indus and the Ganga river systems.
Answer: Ambala.
Question 20. Which states are benefited by the Indus system?
Answer: Punjab, Haryana and western parts of Rajasthan.
Question 21. What is the Indus water treaty?
Answer: It is a treaty signed between India and Pakistan. According to this treaty, India can use only 20% of the total water carried by the Indus river system.
Question 22. Name the plan which was launched to reduce pollution in the river Ganga.
Answer: The Ganga Action Plan.
Question 23. Name any two tributaries of Ganga which rise in the Nepal Himalayas.
Answer: The Ghaghara and Kosi.
Question 24. Which is the northernmost point of the Ganga Delta?
Answer: The Ganga flows eastwards til Farakka in West Bengal. This is the northernmost point of the Ganga delta.
Question 25. Which is the largest river basin in India?
Answer: The Ganga Basin. Question 26. What is the length of the Ganga?
Answer: About 2500 km.
Question 27. Name two headstreams of the Ganga. Where do they unite?
Answer:
They meet at Devprayag.
Question 28. Name the city at which the Ganga enters the plains from the Himalayas.
Answer: Haridwar.
Question 29. Name the tributaries of river Ganga which enter the northern plains from Nepal.
Answer: Ghaghara, Gandak and Kosi.
Question 30. Name the two main right bank tributaries of the Ganga.
Answer: The Yamuna and the Son.
Question 31. What is the major concern of the Ganga Action Plan?
Answer: Rising pollution in the Ganga is the major concern of the Ganga Action Plan.
Question 32. What is the name of the Brahmaputra river in Tibet?
Answer: Tsangpo.
Question 33. From where does the river Brahmaputra arise?
Answer: In Tibet east of Mansarover lake.
Question 34. What are perennial rivers? Answer:
The rivers which have water throughout the year are called the perennial rivers.
Question 35. Which is the largest Peninsular river? Where does it originate from?
Answer: Godavari, it arises from the Nasik district of Maharashtra.
Question 36. Name any two Peninsular rivers which flow through the rift valley.
Answer: The Narmada and the Tapti.
Question 37. Which is the main watershed in Peninsular India?
Answer: The main watershed in Peninsular India is formed by the Western Ghats.
Question 38. Name the major rivers of the Peninsular India.
Answer: The Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri.
Question 39. Name any two small river basins of the peninsular region.
Answer:
Question 40. Name two large rivers of India which flow into the Arabian Sea.
Answer: The Narmada apd the Tapti
Question 41. Which type of drainage pattern is made by Narmada river?
Answer: Trellis.
Question 42. What is the msyor reason for the nonperennial nature of the peninsular rivers?
Answer: Rainfall is the only source of water for these rivers.
Question 43. From where does the Narmada river rise?
Answer: Near Amarkantak, in Madhya Pradesh.
Question 44. In which hills does the Tapi river rise?
Answer: Satpura ranges.
Question 45. From where does the Tapti river arise?
Answer: In the Betul district of Madhya Pradesh.
Question 46. Name the states through which the Tapti river flows.
Answer: Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra.
Question 47. In which state does the largest part of the Godavari basin lie?
Answer: Maharashtra.
Question 48. Which river is known as Dakshin Ganga?
Answer: Godavari.
Question 49. Name the tributaries of Godavari river.
Answer: The Purna, the Wardha, the Pranhita, the Manjra, the Wainganga and the Pehganga.
Question 50. Why is the Godavari river called the Vridha Ganga or the Dakshin Ganga?
Answer: It is because of its large size and the huge extent.
Question 51. Name the tributaries of Krishna.
Answer: The Tungabhadra, the Koyna, the Ghatprabha, the Musi and the Bhima.
Question 52. What is the source of river Yamuna?
Answer: Yamunotri glacier in the Himalayas.
Question 53. Which city is located at the confluence of the Yamuna and the Ganga?
Answer: Allahabad.
Question 54. Name the five rivers of Punjab from which the water falls into the Indus.
Answer: The Sutlej, the Beas, the Ravi, the Chenab and the Jhelum.
Question 55. What is a canyon?
Answer: It is a deep gorge with steep sides containing many streams, e.g., the Grand Canyon of the Colorado river.
Question 56. Where are most of the fresh water lakes located?
Answer: In the Himalayan region.
Question 57. Which is the largest natural freshwater lake of India? HOTS
Answer: The Wular lake in Jammu and Kashmir.
Question 58. Name a lake which has been formed due to tectonic activities.
Answer: The Wular lake. Question 59. Name two salt water lakes on the eastern coast of India. Answer:
Question 60. Write two causes responsible for the increase in demand of water.
Answer:
Question 61. Write any two uses of the river water.
Answer: River water is used for farming, drinking, domestic and industrial uses.
Question 62. Write any two causes of pollution of water of the Ganga river.
Answer:
Question 1. Describe any three features of Himalayan rivers.
Answer: Features of the Himalayan Rivers:
Question 2. Define a river system and describe two characteristics of river Indus.
Answer: A river along with its tributaries is called a river system. Characteristics of River Indus:
Question 3. Write a short note on the Brahmaputra river system. Or Describe the three main features of river Brahmaputra.
Answer:
Question 4. Describe any three features of Ganga-Brahmaputra delta. Or Describe the features of the Ganga plain.
Answer:
Question 5. Why do the Himalayan rivers get flooded every year? What are its advantages?
Answer:
Advantages:
Question 6. What progress has been made in the Ganga Action Plan?
Answer:
Question 7. Why are most of the Peninsular rivers draining into the Bay of Bengal? Give reasons. Name the two rivers draining into the Arabian Sea.
Answer: (i) (a) The main water divide in Peninsular India is formed by the Western Ghats, which runs from north to south close to the western coast.. (b) The Deccan Plateau is higher in the west and slopes gently eastwards. Thus, most of the peninsular rivers such as Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri flow eastwards and drain into the Bay of Bengal. (ii) The river Narmada and river Tapi drain into the Arabian Sea.
Question 8. Which two rivers of Peninsular India form estuaries? Name the states in which these rivers drain the water.
Answer:
Question 9. Why are Peninsular rivers seasonal in nature? Give any three reasons.
Answer:
Question 10. Which two peninsular rivers flow westward? Mention one similarity and one difference between these two rivers.
Answer: Narmada and Tapi.
Similarity:
Difference:
Question 11. Describe the main features of Narmada Basin.
Answer:
Question 12. Describe the main features of Tapi Basin.
Answer:
Question 13. Describe any three important features of the Krishna Basin.
Answer:
Question 14. Why is the Godavari river also known as ‘Dakshin Ganga’?
Answer:
Question 15. Describe any three important features of the Mahanadi Basin.
Answer:
Question 16. Describe any three important features of the Kaveri Basin.
Answer:
Question 17. Mention any three similarities between the Himalayan rivers and Peninsular rivers.
Answer:
Question 18. Why rivers are regarded as the lifelines of human civilization?
Answer: Rivers are regarded as the lifelines of human civilization because:
Question 19. What do you think will happen to the human beings in the absence of scarcity of freshwater?
Answer: Water is a vital nutrient that constitutes 75% part in our body. It removes waste materials and circulates and replenishes nutrients in our body. Since sea water is salty in nature, it cannot substitute fresh water. Beside this, animals and plants are also dependent on water for their survival.
Question 1. Describe the four drainage patterns.
Answer: The four drainage patterns are as follows:
Question 2. “Rivers constitute the most useful natural resources.” Support the statement with five suitable examples.
Answer: Rivers are the most important natural resources because
Question 3. Explain the main features of the rivers originating from the Himalayas.
Answer:
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Question 4. Write the main features of the Ganga system.
Answer:
Question 5. Why does Brahmaputra become a big river on entering India?
Answer:
Question 6. Mention the main features of the Ganga Action Plan.
Answer: Main Features of the Ganga Action Plan:
Question 7. Distinguish between a Delta and an Estuary.
Answer:
S.No. | Delta | Estuary |
(i) | The triangular deposits made by the river at its mouth form delta. | The sharp edge at the mouth of the river devoid any deposits is known as estuary. |
(ii) | Deltas are formed in the regions of low tide and coastal plains. | The regions of high tides and rift valleys witness estuaries. |
(iii) | Deltas are fertile lands. | Estuaries do not have fertile lands. |
(iv) | The river Ganga, the Krishna, the Godavari, are some of the rivers which form deltas. | Narmada and Tapi rivets form estuaries. |
Question 8. Distinguish between perennial and non-perennial rivers.
Answer:
S.No. | Perennial | Non-Perennial |
(i) | These rivers have water throughout the year. | These have water only during the rainy season. |
(ii) | Rainfall and melted snow are the source of water for these rivers. | Rainfall is the only source of water for these rivets. |
(iii) | Most of the Himalayan rivers are perennial. | Most of the Peninsular rivers are non-perennial. |
Question 9. Explain the ‘National River Conservation Plan’ (NRCP) in brief.
Answer: The activities of Ganga Action Plan (GAP) Phase-I, initiated in 1985, were declared closed on 31st March, 2000. The Steering Committee of the National River Conservation Authority reviewed the progress of the GAP and necessary correction on the basis of lessons learnt and experiences gained from GAP Phase-I.
These have been applied to the major polluted rivers of the country under the NRCP. The Ganga Action Plan (GAP) Phase-II, has been merged with the NRCP. The expanded NRCP now covers 152 towns located along 27 interstate rivers in 16 states. Under this action plan, pollution abatement works are being taken up in 57 towns.
A total of 215 schemes of pollution abatement have been sanctioned. So far, 69 schemes have been completed under this action plan. A million litre of sewage is targeted\to be intercepted, diverted and treated.
Question 10. Differentiate between freshwater lakes and saltwater lakes giving examples of each.
Answer: Freshwater Lakes:
Saltwater Lakes:
Question 11. Why are rivers important for the country’s economy?
Answer: The rivers are important for a country’s economy for the following reasons:
Question 12. What are the major factors responsible for river pollution? Explain.
Answer:
Question 13. What are the causes of water pollution? How can it be controlled?
Answer:
Methods to Control Water Pollution:
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Drainage in geography refers to how water flows over land, including rivers, streams, and lakes. It shows how water collects and moves towards larger bodies of water.
Drainage is important because it helps us understand water resources, prevents flooding, and supports agriculture. It also plays a role in the ecosystem by providing habitats for plants and animals.
The main types of drainage systems are the dendritic (tree-like), rectangular, radial, and trellis systems. Each has a different shape and pattern based on the land's features.
Focus on the definitions of key terms, the characteristics of different drainage systems, and the significance of rivers in human life. Be ready to explain how drainage affects the environment.
To prepare, review your class notes, practice map work, and understand key concepts. You can also discuss important questions with classmates or teachers to clarify your understanding.
Rivers are vital for drainage as they collect and carry water from land to oceans or seas. They also help shape the landscape and provide water for drinking, agriculture, and transportation.
An example of a drainage basin is the Ganga River basin in India. It collects water from various rivers and streams before flowing into the Bay of Bengal.
Human activities like construction, farming, and pollution can change drainage patterns, leading to problems like flooding, soil erosion, and reduced water quality.
Important questions include explaining different types of drainage systems, discussing the importance of rivers, and analyzing the impact of human activities on drainage.