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By Karan Singh Bisht
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Updated on 6 Sep 2025, 11:03 IST
Socialism became a big idea in the 1900s after the Russian Revolution. To learn it, read CBSE Class 9 History – Chapter 2: Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution. We made Important Questions from the main topics of this chapter. Use them to practice and revise before exams. Get the PDF from the link below, solve the questions often, and improve your marks.
In Class 9 History Social Science Chapter 2, you will learn about the rise of Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution. This chapter explains how different socialist ideas developed in Europe and how they influenced the Russian Revolution.
To prepare well, students can refer to the class 9 history chapter 2 questions and answers that cover all the important topics. Solving both socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution class 9 long question answer and class 9 history chapter 2 socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution short question answer helps you understand key events better. Don’t forget to practice the NCERT class 9 social science history chapter 2 important questions to ensure thorough preparation.
We’ve collected key important questions for class 9 to cover the main topics and help you prepare for exams. They’re great for quick, thorough revision. Download the FREE PDF from the link below and use these CBSE Class 9 History Important Questions to practice, review well, and boost your scores.
Question 1: In the context of Russia, which group was the supporter of women’s Suffragette Movements?
Answer: Radicals.
Question 2: Who was Karl Marx?
Answer:
Karl Marx was a philosopher who supported socialism. He believed that workers needed to build a socialist society to free themselves from capitalist exploitation, where all property was socially controlled.
Question 3: By whom was ‘Das Capital’ written?
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Answer: Karl Marx.
Question 4: Name the term that refers to ‘women’s right to vote’.
Answer: Suffragette.
Question 5: Who were the ‘greens’ and ‘whites’?
Answer: They were groups against the Bolshevik Revolution and started a civil war. They were supported by the French, American, British, and Japanese troops, as these countries were worried about the growth of socialism in Russia.
Question 6: What was the basic idea of socialism?
Answer: Socialists were against private property and saw it as the root of all social problems of the time.
Question 7: What was the basic idea of a communist society?
Answer: All properties should be socially controlled.
Question 8: Who built the cooperative called ‘New Harmony’?
Answer: Robert Owen.
Question 9: Name the European nation where the first ever socialist government was formed.
Answer: Russia.
Question 10: What was the Russian Revolution?
Answer: The fall of the monarchy in February 1917, and the events of October are collectively called the Russian Revolution.
CBSE Class 9 Science Important Questions |
CBSE Class 9 Mathematics Important Questions |
CBSE Class 9 Social Science Important Questions |
Question 11: When was the Russian Social Democratic Workers Party founded, and by whom?
Answer: In 1898, by the socialists who followed Marx’s ideas.
Question 12: Who was ruling over Russia when the Russian Revolution took place?
Answer: Tsar Nicholas II.
Question 13: What was the Second International?
Answer: It was an international organization formed to coordinate the ideas of socialists.
Question 14: “The year 1904 was particularly bad for the Russian workers” – Give reason.
Answer: In 1904, prices of essential goods rose quickly, and real wages fell by 20%.
Question 15: What was the Duma?
Answer: It was an elected consultative parliament in Russia.
Question 16: Name the term that refers to the meaning of the word ‘Soviet’.
Answer: A revolutionary organization.
Question 17: What was Bolsheviks?
Answer: It was a socialist party in Russia, led by Lenin.
Question 18: What was Mensheviks?
Answer: It was a breakaway group from the Bolsheviks, also a socialist party.
Question 19: Define Kulaks.
Answer: The wealthy farmers of Russia.
Question 20: In the context of Russia, what was ‘Kolkhoz’?
Answer: Kolkhoz were collective farms where peasants were forced to cultivate from 1929.
Question 21: Who started the ‘Collectivization Programme’ in Russia?
Answer: Stalin.
Question 22: Who headed the Communist Party of Russia after Lenin’s death?
Answer: Stalin.
Question 23: Which incident in Russian history is known as ‘Bloody Sunday’?
Answer: It was an event in 1905 when over 100 workers were killed, and 300 were wounded by police at the Winter Palace.
Question 24: What was Lenin’s ‘April Theses’?
Answer: In 1917, Lenin called for an end to the war, the transfer of land to peasants, and the nationalization of banks. These demands were known as Lenin’s ‘April Theses’.
Question 25: What was the new name of St. Petersburg?
Answer: Petrograd.
Question 26: Name a few countries that were part of the Central Powers during the First World War.
Answer: Germany, Austria, and Turkey.
Question 27: Name the term used for the elected consultative parliament in Russia.
Answer: Duma.
Question 28: At the beginning of the 20th century, where did the vast majority of Russian people work?
Answer: In the agricultural sector.
Question 29: When did the First World War break out?
Answer: 1914.
Question 30: Why is 22nd February celebrated as International Women’s Day?
Answer: Because on this day, women workers in Russia led a massive strike in factories.
Question 31: What were the Muslim reformers within the Russian Empire called?
Answer: Jadidists.
Question 32: Where did industrialization bring men, women, and children together?
Answer: In factories.
Question 33: Name two Indian nationalists who discussed the significance of the French Revolution.
Answer: Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Derozio.
Question 34: Name a few countries that were part of the Russian Empire in 1914.
Answer: Finland, Lithuania, and Latvia.
Question 1: Describe the views of radicals.
Answer:
The views of radicals are as follows:
Question 2: Who were liberals? What were their political and social views?
Or
Liberals were not democrats. Explain.
Answer: Liberals: One of the groups aiming to change society was the liberals.
Political and Social Views of Liberals:
Question 3. Distinguish between the ideas of liberals and the radicals.
Answer:
Liberals | Radicals |
(i) They argued for ,i representative, elected parliamentary government, but did not believp in universal adult franchise. | They also argued for a representative elected parliamentary government, but believed in universal adult franchise. |
(ii) They felt men of property should have the right to vote. | They felt all citizens should have the right to vote |
(iii) They were in favour of giving privileges to the rich or the men of property. | They opposed the privileges of the rich or the men of property. |
Question 4: Who ruled Russia in 1914? How did he manage his empire? Explain.
Answer:
Tsar Nicholas II ruled Russia during the revolution.
Question 5: Explain the views of different socialists and philosophers regarding the vision of the future or to transform society.
Answer:
Question 6: Explain any three reasons which led to civil war between the Bolsheviks and the Russian army of non-Bolsheviks.
Or
What conditions led to the Russian Civil War in 1918–1920? Give any four points.
Answer:
Question 7: ‘A communist society was the natural society of the future.’ Explain.
Or
Explain the views of Karl Marx on capitalism.
Or
Explain the thoughts and beliefs of Karl Marx which convinced the workers to enter into conflict with the capitalists.
Answer:
Question 8: Explain the economic condition of the workers before the Russian Revolution.
Answer:
Question 9: Mention four features of socialism.
Answer:
Question 10: Mention any four features of the Russian economy at the beginning of the 20th century.
Or
Describe the economic condition of Russia before 1905.
Answer:
Question 11: Explain any three views of the socialists about private property.
Answer:
Question 12: Mention any four features of Russian society in the 20th century.
Answer:
Question 13: What were the differences between Russian peasants and other peasants in Europe?
Or
How were the peasants of Russia different from those in the rest of Europe?
Answer:
Question 14: What were the main demands of Lenin’s ‘April Theses’?
Or
Explain Lenin’s ‘April Theses’.
Or
Describe the three major demands of the Bolsheviks in 1917.
Answer:
Question 15: Why did the Kerenskii Government in Russia fall?
Or
Why did the Kerenskii Government become unpopular in Russia?
Answer:
Question 16: Describe the events that led to the 1905 Revolution in Russia.
Or
Write a note on the Bloody Sunday incident.
Or
Which incident is known as Bloody Sunday? What were its consequences?
Answer:
In January 1905, workers marched to the Winter Palace, where they were attacked by the police. Over 100 were killed, and 300 were wounded. This event became known as ‘Bloody Sunday’.
Consequences:
Question 17: What is meant by the ‘October Revolution’?
Answer:
Question 18:
Explain any three major effects of the Russian Revolution of October 1917 on the Russian economy.
Answer:
Question 19: How did Russia’s participation in World War I contribute to the fall of the Tsar?
Or
Explain any four reasons why Russian people wanted the Tsar to withdraw from the First World War.
Answer:
Question 1: What are the main objectives of Liberals in Russia?
Answer:
The main objectives of liberals in Russia were as follows:
Question 2. Explain any five differences between the peasants of Russia and peasants of Europe.
Answer:
Peasants of Europe | Peasants of Russia |
(i) They formed unions and fought for better wages and good living conditions. | They had no proper unions and associations initially. It came up much later. |
(ii) The workers were united in their demands for political rights and reduction in work hours. | The workers were not united. They were divided on the basis of occupation. |
(iii) The workers’ associations had close ties with the political parties and themselves formed political parties. For example, the labour Party in Britain. | The workers’ associations were considered as illegal and were suppressed. |
(iv) In France, during the French Revolution in Brittany peasants had the respect for nobles and fought for them. | But in Russia, the peasants had no regards for the nobility and often revolted against them. |
(v) The peasants in Europe had political rights and enjoyed them. | The peasants did not enjoy any political rights. |
Question 3: How far were the economic and social conditions of Russia responsible for the Russian Revolution? Explain by giving examples.
Or
Describe the circumstances responsible for the Russian Revolution.
Answer:
Question 4: Explain the views of the Socialists on private property with special emphasis on Karl Marx.
Answer:
Question 5: What social changes were seen in society after industrialization?
Or
How did industrialization change the lives of people in Europe? Explain.
Answer:
Question 6: Explain the collectivization policy of Stalin.
Or
What were the major changes introduced in agriculture by Stalin? Explain.
Answer:
Question 7: Highlight any five changes brought by Lenin in Russia after the October Revolution of 1917.
Answer:
Question 8: Who was Lenin? What was his contribution to the Russian Revolution?
Answer:
Question 9: Explain the Russian February Revolution of 1917.
Or
Petrograd led the February Revolution that brought down the monarchy in February 1917. Explain.
Answer:
Question 10: Describe the importance of the Battle of Stalingrad in the Second World War.
Answer:
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They highlight the most tested ideas (causes/events of 1905 & 1917, ideologies, leaders), so your study is focused and time-efficient.
They turn the chapter into quick practice sets repeating them improves recall, answer structure, dates, and cause-effect links.
Infinity Learn Chapter-wise Important Questions with answers and PDFs (e.g., Class 9 History Ch. 2) for focused practice. Also use NCERT + CBSE (textbook/exemplar, sample papers, PYQs) and school worksheets for reliable revision.