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NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Resources and Development
By Ankit Gupta
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Updated on 3 Sep 2025, 10:25 IST
The first chapter of Class 10 Geography, Resources and Development, introduces students to one of the most important topics in Social Science. Resources are the foundation of human life and progress. Everything we use in our daily lives, from food and water to minerals and fuel, is a resource. This chapter explains how resources are classified, why they must be used carefully, and how resource planning helps in the growth of a nation like India. The NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 are designed to make these concepts simple and easy for students to understand.
The chapter starts by defining resources and classifying them in different ways. Students learn about renewable and non-renewable resources, biotic and abiotic resources, and also about resources that are individual, community-based, national, or international. This helps in understanding the variety of resources available and the importance of using them wisely.
The solutions also cover how continuous misuse of resources leads to problems like land degradation, deforestation, and soil erosion. To solve these issues, the chapter highlights the importance of sustainable development, which means using resources in such a way that they meet present needs without harming future generations.
Another important part of the lesson is resource planning in India. Since resources are not evenly spread across the country, proper planning ensures fair distribution and balanced growth. Students also study land resources, patterns of land use, and the challenges India faces due to population pressure, over-irrigation, and deforestation. The solutions explain these points with simple examples, making them easier to revise for exams.
The chapter also gives special attention to soil as a vital resource. Different types of soils such as alluvial, black, red, laterite, and arid soils are explained along with the crops they support. Students are also introduced to soil erosion and methods of soil conservation like contour ploughing, terrace farming, and afforestation. These topics are frequently asked in exams, which makes practicing with NCERT Solutions very important.
Class 10 Geography Map Work Chapter 1 Resources and Development
Six different types of soils are found in India. These are Alluvial soil, Red soil, Black soil, Laterite soil, Mountain soil and Desert soil or Arid soil. Soils in India differ in composition and structure. This map shows the major soil types in India.
Question 1. Locate and label the following items on the given map with appropriate symbols.
- Regions covered under Alluvial soil [CBSE 2016, 10]
- Regions covered under Laterite Soil
- Regions covered under Black soil [CBSE 2012, 11]
Answer
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Question 2. Features are marked by numbers in the given outline map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked in the map.
- A major soil type [CBSE 2012, 11,10]
- Soil type that is formed where the rainfall is low [CBSE 2012, 10]
- Soil type found mainly in hill slopes
Answer
- Desert or Arid soil
- Red and Yellow soil
- Forest and Mountainous soil
Chapter 1 Geography MCQs
(i) Iron ore is an example of which type of resource?
(a) Renewable
(b) Biotic
(c) Flow
(d) Non-renewable
Answer: Non-renewable
(ii) Tidal energy cannot be grouped under which of the following?
(a) Replenishable
(b) Human-made
(c) Abiotic
(d) Non-recyclable
Answer: Replenishable
(iii) What is the main reason for land degradation in Punjab?
(a) Intensive cultivation
(b) Deforestation
(c) Over-irrigation
(d) Overgrazing
Answer: Over-irrigation
(iv) In which state is terrace farming commonly practiced?
(a) Punjab
(b) Uttar Pradesh plains
(c) Haryana
(d) Uttarakhand
Answer: Uttarakhand
(v) In which state is black soil mainly found?
(a) Jammu and Kashmir
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Jharkhand
Answer: Maharashtra
Do Check: CBSE Class 10 Social Science Syllabus
Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Resources and Development Short Questions
(i) Name three states with black soil and the main crop grown there.
Answer: Black soil is found in Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh. The main crop grown in this soil is cotton.
(ii) What type of soil is found in river deltas of the eastern coast? Mention three features of this soil.
Answer: Alluvial soil is found in the deltas of the eastern coast.
- It is very fertile and good for farming.
- It contains sand, silt, and clay.
- It has potash, lime, and phosphoric acid, making it suitable for paddy and sugarcane.
(iii) What measures can prevent soil erosion in hilly regions?
Answer:
- Contour ploughing
- Terrace farming
- Planting strips of grass between crops (strip cropping)
(iv) What are biotic and abiotic resources? Give examples.
Answer:
- Biotic resources: Resources from living things, like plants, animals, humans, and fish.
- Abiotic resources: Resources from non-living things, like minerals, water, metals, wind, and sunlight.
Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Long Questions
(i) Explain the land use pattern in India. Why has forest cover not grown much since 1960–61?
Answer: Land use in India is influenced by both natural factors (like soil, topography, and climate) and human factors (like population, culture, and technology). The net sown area differs widely: more than 80% of land is cultivated in Punjab and Haryana, while in states like Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur, and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands, it is below 10%.
Forest cover in India is still below the recommended 33% of total land, as suggested in the National Forest Policy (1952). This is mainly because land is also used for housing, industries, roads, and other non-agricultural purposes. Continuous misuse of land without proper care has caused land degradation, making it hard to expand forest areas.
Do Check: CBSE Class 10 Social Science Notes
(ii) How has technical and economic growth increased resource use?
Answer:
- With industrial and large-scale production, resources are used more than ever.
- Modern technology allows faster and deeper exploitation of natural resources.
- Better healthcare and living standards have increased the population, which also raises the demand for resources.
Thus, both technological progress and economic development have led to overconsumption of natural resources.
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FAQs on Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 NCERT Solutions
What is the main focus of Class 10 Geography Chapter 1: Resources and Development?
The chapter explains the types of resources, their classification, the need for resource planning, land use patterns, types of soils in India, and methods of soil conservation. It also includes map work class 10 geography chapter 1, which helps in identifying soils, rivers, and dams on maps.
Why is map work important in Class 10 Geography Chapter 1?
Class 10 geography chapter 1 map work is important because it helps students visually locate soils, dams, and rivers in India. Practicing resources and development class 10 map work ensures accuracy and makes it easy to score full marks in map-based questions.
What types of soils are covered in this chapter?
The chapter explains Alluvial, Black, Red, Laterite, Arid, and Forest soils. Students must also practice resources and development class 10 map questions to identify where these soils are found in India.
What are the common map questions asked in Class 10 Geography Chapter 1?
Some common class 10 geography chapter 1 map questions include:
- Marking areas of alluvial, black, and red soils.
- Locating important dams like Bhakra Nangal and Hirakud.
- Identifying regions with arid soil.
These are part of geography chapter 1 map work class 10 practice.
How do NCERT Solutions help in preparing this chapter?
The NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 provide step-by-step explanations, clear definitions, and solved class 10 geo ch 1 map work. They make revision simple, strengthen concepts, and help students write accurate exam answers.
What is the role of resource planning in India as discussed in this chapter?
Resource planning ensures fair use of resources, prevents overuse, and supports sustainable development. It involves identifying resources, creating plans, and balancing growth with conservation. Students often find this in both written and map class 10 geography chapter 1 questions.