NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Climate

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 – Climate have been prepared by subject experts at Infinity Learn to support students in CBSE Term II exam preparation. In earlier chapters, students studied India’s landforms (Chapter 2) and drainage systems (Chapter 3). Building on these basics, this chapter introduces the third key aspect – atmospheric conditions.

Chapter 4 explains India’s climate in detail, including factors affecting it, the Indian monsoon, onset and withdrawal of the monsoon, different seasons, and rainfall distribution. The exercise section contains questions on these topics, and the NCERT Solutions provided by Infinity Learn offer clear, step-by-step answers to help students strengthen understanding and revise effectively.

NCERT Book Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 4 – CBSE Free PDF Download

This chapter explains India’s climate in detail, including the factors influencing it, the Indian monsoon, its onset and withdrawal, seasonal variations, and rainfall distribution. The exercise section features questions on these topics, and Infinity Learn provides clear, step-by-step solutions in the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 4 PDF. Students can download the PDF from the link below and use it for effective exam revision.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Climate Questions Answer

Very Short Answer Type Questions (1–2 Marks)

Q1. What is climate?

Ans: Climate refers to the average weather conditions of a large area over a long period of time (about 30 years).

Q2. Define weather.

Ans: Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular place and time, including temperature, rainfall, and humidity.

Q3. Name the two main elements of climate.

Ans: Temperature and rainfall.

Q4. Which two factors mainly influence the climate of India?

Ans: Latitude and altitude.

Q5. What is monsoon?

Ans: Monsoon is a seasonal reversal of winds that brings heavy rainfall during summer in India.

Q6. When does the monsoon season start in India?

Ans: The monsoon season begins in early June.

Q7. Name the hot weather season in India.

Ans: Summer season (March to May).

Q8. Which state in India receives the highest rainfall?

Ans: Meghalaya, especially Mawsynram.

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Q9. Which wind system dominates India’s climate?

Ans: The monsoon winds.

Q10. In which months does India experience winter?

Ans: From December to February.

Short Answer Type Questions (3–5 Marks)

Q11. Explain the difference between weather and climate.

Ans:

• Weather is the atmospheric condition of a place at a particular time, like a rainy day or a hot afternoon.
• Climate is the average pattern of weather over a long period, usually 30 years.
• Example: Delhi may experience cold weather today, but its climate is classified as extreme (hot summers, cold winters).

Q12. How does latitude affect the climate of India?

Ans: India’s Tropic of Cancer divides it into tropical and subtropical zones. Areas near the equator experience high temperatures, while northern regions experience extreme climates.

Q13. What role do the Himalayas play in India’s climate?

Ans:

• Prevent cold winds from Central Asia entering India, keeping winters milder.
• Stop monsoon winds, causing heavy rainfall.

Q14. What is the significance of the Indian Monsoon?

Ans:

• Brings about 75% of India’s annual rainfall.
• Essential for agriculture, drinking water, and hydroelectricity.
• Influences India’s economy and lifestyle.

Q15. Mention the main characteristics of the hot weather season in India.

Ans:

• Extends from March to May.
• High temperature in Northern Plains (above 45°C).
• Loo (hot, dry winds) blow in north-western India.

Q16. Write a short note on the Retreating Monsoon.

Ans:

• Occurs from October to November.
• Winds retreat or withdraw from northern India.
• Known for cyclones on the eastern coast (especially Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu).

Q17. What is the importance of monsoon rainfall in India?

Ans: Monsoon rainfall supports agriculture, replenishes groundwater, provides drinking water, and influences festivals, economy, and cultural life.

Q18. Explain why the western coast and northeast India receive high rainfall.

Ans: Moist monsoon winds hit the Western Ghats and northeast hills, causing orographic rainfall.

Q19. Why does Rajasthan receive very little rainfall?

Ans: Aravali hills lie parallel to monsoon winds, offering no obstruction, so rainfall is low.

Q20. Distinguish between Southwest Monsoon and Retreating Monsoon.

Long Answer Type Questions (5–8 Marks)

Q21. Describe the factors affecting the climate of India.

Ans:

1. Latitude: Tropic of Cancer divides India into tropical and subtropical climates.
2. Altitude: Himalayas in the north experience cold, while coastal areas remain moderate.
3. Pressure and Winds: Monsoon winds influence India’s rainfall pattern.
4. Distance from the Sea: Coastal areas have moderate climate; interiors face extremes.
5. Relief Features: Mountains like Himalayas and Western Ghats affect rainfall distribution.

Q22. Explain the onset and withdrawal of the monsoon in India.

Ans:

• Onset: Monsoon enters Kerala around 1st June, covering India by mid-July.
• Withdrawal: Starts from Rajasthan in early October and retreats by November.
• Significance: Provides rainfall for crops, drinking water, and rivers.

Q23. Discuss the seasonal variations in India.

Ans:

1. Cold Weather (Dec–Feb): Low temperatures, dry weather.
2. Hot Weather (Mar–May): High temperatures, loo winds in north India.
3. Southwest Monsoon (Jun–Sept): Heavy rainfall across India.
4. Retreating Monsoon (Oct–Nov): Declining rainfall, cyclonic storms on east coast.

Q24. Write a note on the distribution of rainfall in India.

Ans:

• Western coast & Northeast: Very heavy rainfall.
• North-western Rajasthan & Ladakh: Very low rainfall.
• Ganga plains: Moderate rainfall.
• Deccan Plateau: Moderate to low rainfall due to rain shadow areas.

Q25. Why is monsoon considered a unifying bond in India?

Ans:

• Despite regional differences, most of India depends on monsoon rains.
• Farmers, industries, and water supply all rely on it.
• Monsoon determines festivals, lifestyle, and economic activities.

Q26. Explain the role of Himalayas in shaping India’s climate.

Ans:

• Block cold winds from Central Asia.
• Force monsoon winds to shed moisture.
• Cause distinct seasons in India.

Q27. Why does Tamil Nadu receive rainfall during the retreating monsoon?

Ans:

• Northeast monsoon winds blow from Bay of Bengal.
• They bring rainfall to Tamil Nadu in October–November.

Q28. Compare the climate of coastal regions with that of interior regions of India.

Ans:

• Coastal areas: Moderate climate, small temperature variation, high humidity.
• Interiors: Extreme climate, hot summers and cold winters.

Q29. How does India’s location and relief influence its climate?

Ans:

• Latitude decides tropical/subtropical zones.
• Himalayas and Western Ghats influence rainfall.
• Long coastline moderates climate of coastal regions.

Q30. “Monsoon is both a boon and a bane for India.” Explain.

Ans:

• Boon: Provides water for crops, rivers, drinking, electricity, and unites agriculture.
• Bane: Irregular monsoon causes droughts, floods, crop failure, and economic losses.