Forest and Wildlife Resources Class 10 Important Questions with Answers 2026-27

Practise Forest and Wildlife Resources Class 10 Important Questions with Answers for CBSE board-exam preparation. This Class 10 Geography Chapter 2 question bank covers biodiversity, conservation, Project Tiger, forest classification, community participation and the depletion of flora and fauna.

Students can practise MCQs, assertion-reason questions, 1-mark, 2-mark, 3-mark and 5-mark questions, case studies, competency-based questions and NCERT exercise questions. The answers follow the current Class 10 Geography syllabus for 2026–27 and help students revise the chapter and improve answer writing.

Download Forest and Wildlife Resources Class 10 Important Questions PDF

Students can find the Forest and Wildlife Resources Class 10 Important Questions PDF on the Infinity Learn website for offline practice and revision.

Students should first attempt each question independently and then compare their responses with the provided answers. This will help them identify missing points, correct conceptual mistakes and improve answer structure.

Most Important Questions from Forest and Wildlife Resources Class 10

The following Forest and Wildlife Resources Class 10 important questions with answers are organised by question type and marks. They cover biodiversity, forest degradation, wildlife conservation, Project Tiger, forest classification and community participation without repeating the same questions in multiple sections.

Forest and Wildlife Resources Class 10 MCQs and 1-Mark Questions

MCQ 1

What does biodiversity mean?

A. Only the number of trees in a forest
B. The variety of living organisms and their interdependence
C. Only domesticated plants and animals
D. The total number of national parks

Answer: B. The variety of living organisms and their interdependence.

MCQ 2

The Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented in India in:

A. 1965
B. 1972
C. 1973
D. 1988

Answer: B. 1972.

MCQ 3

Project Tiger was launched in:

A. 1970
B. 1972
C. 1973
D. 1985

Answer: C. 1973.

MCQ 4

Which of the following is an indirect threat to tiger populations?

A. Increase in prey species
B. Reduction in prey species
C. Expansion of forest habitats
D. Increase in water availability

Answer: B. Reduction in prey species.

A decline in prey reduces the food available to tigers.

MCQ 5

Which forest category is regarded as the most valuable for conservation?

A. Protected forests
B. Reserved forests
C. Unclassed forests
D. Private forests

Answer: B. Reserved forests.

MCQ 6

Reserved and protected forests together are known as:

A. Sacred groves
B. Permanent forest estates
C. Community forests
D. Biosphere reserves

Answer: B. Permanent forest estates.

1. What are flora and fauna?

Answer: Flora refers to the plant life of a region, while fauna refers to its animal life.

2. Why are forests called primary producers?

Answer: Forests are called primary producers because green plants prepare food through photosynthesis and support other living organisms.

3. What is habitat fragmentation?

Answer: Habitat fragmentation is the division of a continuous natural habitat into smaller, disconnected areas.

4. What is Joint Forest Management?

Answer: Joint Forest Management is cooperation between village institutions and the Forest Department to protect and restore degraded forests.

Forest and Wildlife Resources Assertion-Reason Questions

Choose the correct option:

A. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
B. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason does not correctly explain Assertion.
C. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
D. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

Question 1

Assertion: Biodiversity conservation is necessary for human survival.
Reason: Plants, animals and microorganisms help maintain air, water and soil.

Answer: A.

Question 2

Assertion: Project Tiger protects more than individual tigers.
Reason: Tigers depend on prey, vegetation, water and sufficient habitat.

Answer: A.

Question 3

Assertion: Every unclassed forest is privately owned.
Reason: Unclassed forests may belong to governments, communities or private individuals.

Answer: D.

Question 4

Assertion: Sacred groves help conserve biodiversity.
Reason: Community traditions restrict tree cutting, hunting and other interference in these areas.

Answer: A.

Question 5

Assertion: Excessive grazing can prevent natural forest regeneration.
Reason: Grazing animals may consume or damage young shoots and seedlings.

Answer: A.

Forest and Wildlife Resources Class 10 2-Mark Questions and Answers

A 2-mark answer should contain two separate and directly relevant points.

1. State two threats faced by tiger populations.

Answer:

1. Tigers are directly threatened by poaching and illegal wildlife trade.
2. Habitat loss and declining prey populations reduce their living space and food supply.

2. What are permanent forest estates?

Answer:

1. Reserved and protected forests together are called permanent forest estates.
2. They are maintained for protective purposes and for producing timber and other forest products.

3. How does excessive grazing damage forests?

Answer:

1. Grazing animals consume or damage young shoots and seedlings.
2. Continuous grazing prevents natural regeneration and may expose the soil to erosion.

4. State two features of Joint Forest Management.

Answer:

1. Village institutions work with the Forest Department to protect and restore degraded forests.
2. Participating communities may receive non-timber forest produce or a share in the timber harvested.

Forest and Wildlife Resources Class 10 3-Mark Questions and Answers

A 3-mark answer should contain three clearly explained points.

1. Why is the conservation of forests and wildlife necessary?

Answer:

1. Conservation maintains ecological diversity and relationships among living organisms.
2. Forests and wildlife help preserve life-support systems such as air, water and soil.
3. Conservation protects the genetic diversity required for agriculture, breeding and fisheries.

2. Explain the importance of Project Tiger.

Answer:

1. Project Tiger was launched in 1973 to protect the declining tiger population.
2. It protects tiger habitats and the prey species on which tigers depend.
3. Protecting tiger habitats also conserves the wider ecological system and its biodiversity.

3. Explain three government measures for wildlife conservation.

Answer:

1. The Wildlife (Protection) Act provided legal protection to wildlife and natural habitats.
2. Hunting and trade in protected wildlife species were restricted.
3. National parks, wildlife sanctuaries and species-specific programmes such as Project Tiger were established.

4. Differentiate between reserved, protected and unclassed forests.

Reserved and protected forests together are known as permanent forest estates.

5. Explain three examples of community participation in forest conservation.

Answer:

1. Villagers in Sariska opposed mining activities by referring to wildlife-protection laws.
2. The Chipko Movement resisted commercial tree cutting in the Himalayan region.
3. Communities protect sacred groves by restricting tree cutting, hunting and other interference.

6. How do development projects affect forests and wildlife?

Answer:

1. Roads, mines, dams and settlements may require the clearing of forest vegetation.
2. Construction can divide continuous habitats and restrict animal movement.
3. Noise, traffic and human activity can disturb wildlife feeding and breeding patterns.

Forest and Wildlife Resources Class 10 5-Mark Questions and Answers

A 5-mark answer should include a direct introduction, four or five developed points and relevant chapter examples.

1. Analyse the major human causes of forest and wildlife depletion.

Answer:

Forest and wildlife resources are depleted when human activities destroy habitats or use natural resources faster than they can recover.

1. Forest land is cleared for agriculture and human settlements.
2. Mining, roads, dams and industries remove vegetation and disturb the soil.
3. Excessive grazing damages seedlings and prevents natural regeneration.
4. Uncontrolled wood cutting reduces tree cover and wildlife habitat.
5. Poaching and illegal wildlife trade reduce animal populations.

Development projects may also fragment habitats and disturb the movement, feeding and breeding of wildlife. Forest degradation can be reduced through controlled resource use, habitat restoration and community participation.

2. Describe how local communities have conserved forests and wildlife in India.

Answer:

Local communities have protected forests and wildlife through movements, village rules, cultural traditions and shared management.

1. Villagers in Sariska opposed mining activities by using wildlife-protection laws.
2. Five villages in Alwar protected the Bhairodev Dakav “Sonchuri” forest and prohibited hunting and encroachment.
3. The Chipko Movement resisted commercial tree cutting and encouraged the planting of indigenous species.
4. Sacred groves are protected through cultural and religious restrictions.
5. Bishnoi communities protect animals such as blackbuck and chinkara.

Initiatives such as Beej Bachao Andolan, Navdanya and Joint Forest Management also demonstrate the importance of community participation in sustainable resource management.

3. Evaluate Joint Forest Management as a conservation strategy.

Answer:

Joint Forest Management involves cooperation between village institutions and the Forest Department to protect and restore degraded forests.

Advantages:

1. Local communities help monitor forest areas and prevent illegal cutting.
2. Community knowledge can improve the management of local resources.
3. Participation reduces pressure on Forest Department staff.
4. Benefit sharing gives communities an incentive to protect forests.
5. Non-timber forest produce can support local livelihoods.

Limitation:

The programme may be less effective when communities have little decision-making authority or when benefits are not distributed fairly.

Joint Forest Management works best when responsibilities, authority and benefits are shared transparently.

Forest and Wildlife Resources Case Study and Competency-Based Questions

Case-study questions assess whether students can understand a situation, identify the relevant chapter concept and apply it to reach a logical conclusion.

Case Study 1: Tiger Conservation

A tiger reserve reports that the number of deer and other herbivores has declined. Although the tiger population is currently stable, conservationists are concerned about its long-term survival. They recommend protecting vegetation, water sources, prey species and the complete forest habitat.

Questions

1. What indirect threat to tigers is mentioned in the passage? (1 mark)
2. How can this threat affect the tiger population? (1 mark)
3. Why should conservation programmes protect the complete tiger habitat? (2 marks)

Answers

1. The decline in prey species is an indirect threat to tigers.
2. It reduces the food available to tigers and may force them to move outside the protected area.
3. Tigers depend on prey, water, vegetation and sufficient territory. Protecting the complete habitat also conserves the other plants and animals connected to the same ecological system.

Total: 4 marks

Case Study 2: Community Forest Conservation

A group of villages creates rules to prohibit hunting, control grazing and prevent outside encroachment. Villagers regularly patrol the forest and collect selected forest products without cutting mature trees. In return for protecting the area, the community receives certain benefits from the forest.

Questions

1. Which approach to conservation is shown in the passage? (1 mark)
2. How can controlled grazing support forest regeneration? (1 mark)
3. Explain two reasons why community participation can improve forest conservation. (2 marks)

Answers

1. The passage shows community-based forest conservation or Joint Forest Management.
2. Controlled grazing reduces damage to young shoots and seedlings, allowing vegetation to regenerate.
3. Local communities can monitor forests regularly and prevent illegal activities. They also possess practical knowledge of local resources and are more likely to support conservation when responsibilities and benefits are shared fairly.

Total: 4 marks

Related Study Materials for Forest and Wildlife Resources Class 10

Use these resources with the important questions for complete preparation of Class 10 Geography Chapter 2:

• Forest and Wildlife Resources Class 10 Notes
• Forest and Wildlife Resources MCQs
• Forest and Wildlife Resources NCERT Solutions
• Class 10 Social Science Important Topics
• Class 10 Social Science Notes
• Class 10 Social Science Sample Papers
• Class 10 Social Science Sample Papers