Table of Contents
Introduction
Changes in human life over the decades have had a profound effect on people’s health, leading to serious health problems, including childbirth. According to data, one in seven couples is found to be infertile. It is very difficult for couples who want to have children but cannot because of it. Failure to get successful pregnancy results in stress for couples. Thus, in order for many such families to experience the joys of childbirth, science and technology have made great strides in the field of artificial insemination that results in pregnancy and childbirth.
What Causes Infertility?
Men and women, both can be barren. Some of the things or reasons for infertility are:
In Men
Ejaculation or erectile dysfunction – ejaculatory disorders due to impotence or ejaculatory failure
Sperm count disorders/sperm production – including oligospermia and azoospermia. Some sperm cells die before they reach the egg or are damaged
Age – one of the major causes of age. Older men have a smaller number of sperm
Abnormal structure – the movement or position of the sperm is affected thus preventing the sperm from binding or swimming to the egg.
For women
The inability of the ovary to produce eggs – disruption of ovulation such as PCOS
Quality of uterine linings – such as endometriosis when uterine tissue invades causing damage to nearby cervical tissue
The formation of the fallopian tube – the closure of the fallopian tube that prevents sperm from meeting the egg
Improved maternal age – a woman’s egg rate decreases with age and may reduce her ability to conceive.
Medical Remedies for Infertility
Infertility can be treated by treating the onset of certain physical features or lifestyle changes or a combination of both. Or, it can be medically resolved with the help of procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT), gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), etc. All of these procedures are under the aid of reproductive technology (ART). It is a collection of deceptive medical techniques to prevent infertility. The methods can be gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), in vitro fertilization (IVF), zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT), embryo transfer (ET), and so on. All of these processes ultimately aim to achieve ovulation or spermatogenesis; increase the chances of getting pregnant and carry you to full time. ART is very helpful for couples who are trying to get pregnant but it is very time consuming with uncertain side effects and does not save.
1. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
In vitro fertilization, also called test tube baby by common man, is the most widely used method of ART. In vitro fertilization, as the name implies, fertilization is performed without an in-vitro or culture medium. If this happens, the female will not give birth, the egg will be taken from the female donor or if the male will not give birth, the sperm will be taken from the male donor. They are kept in traditional media sources, and healthy, vial sperm are preferred. Fertilization occurs by combining ova with sperm outside the body under well-maintained laboratory conditions. A successful pregnancy leads to the formation of a zygote or test-tube baby. The zygote is carefully tuned in to develop the embryo. The embryo is then implanted in the mother’s womb, which will hold her for up to nine months and then give birth. It is a common method used for women with Fallopian tubes that are damaged or blocked.
2. Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer (ZIFT)
Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT), also called Tubal Embryo Transfer is similar to IVF. It is a form of assisted reproductive technology or an ART process in which fertilization takes place in a laboratory. It is usually done when it helps women with closed Fallopian tubes that do not allow normal sperm binding to the egg thus preventing pregnancy. In such cases, the egg cells are released from the female ovaries and fertilized in vitro. The resulting zygote is then inserted into the mother’s tube using laparoscopy. Thus, the ZIFT process continues as follows: ovarian fertilization, in vitro fertilization, zygote transport to the uterine tubes for implantation, and further development. ZIFT is not a procedure to help women with abnormal uterine tubes.
3. GIFT – Gamete Intra-Fallopian Transfer
Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer is a different method than the other two. IVF and ZIFT include in vitro fertilization, but the GIFT process involves in vivo fertilization. In this process the gametes, that is, the sperm and egg are inserted directly into the Fallopian tube. Thus, in this process, the fertilization and formation of the zygote occurs within the Fallopian tubes of the mother and is, therefore, a natural process as it occurs within the female body. However, this procedure can only be performed if the sperm count is good and at least the female fallopian tubes are working.
GIFT is another IVF procedure. It is a process in which a man’s sperm and a woman’s egg are combined in a lab. Fertilization takes place inside a woman’s body through GIFT procedures and not in a lab. Therefore, it is the best ART procedure for couples who choose a treatment / natural process that makes fertilization and implantation occur naturally within a woman’s body.
Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) includes in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET), gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT), and frozen embryo transfer (FET). These methods also apply to the donation of oocyte and pregnancy carriers.
FAQ’s
What is the Intrauterine Insemination IUI?
Intrauterine insemination or IUI is a fertility treatment that involves the implantation of sperm into a woman's uterus by a long narrow tube. IUI can usually be done in conjunction with the administration of stimulant drugs so that there is a greater chance of the egg coming into contact with sperm leading to fertilization and later a successful pregnancy. IUI treatment is limited based on maternal and reproductive health. If fertilization with frozen or fresh sperm is performed monthly, the success rate may be more than 20% per cycle based on other factors including birth control, woman's age, infertility diagnosis and other factors affecting success. cycle.
How is the GIFT different from ZIFT?
GIFT is a semi-natural process in which fertilization occurs in vivo. That is, fertilization occurs within a woman's body. In this process the gametes, i.e., sperm and ova are inserted directly into the fallopian tube. Pregnancy and zygote formation occur within a woman's body. A GIFT procedure can only be performed if the sperm count is good and at least the female fallopian tubes are working. Thus, the birth status of the parents is important in this process. ZIFT, on the other hand, is a process of in vitro fertilization. In this process a male and female gamete, taken from healthy or donating parents and incorporated into a synthetic laboratory. Healthy zygotes or zygotes are then implanted in the womb of a woman who will carry the fetus to full term.
