Isobaric Process

The isobaric Process is a constant-pressure thermodynamic process. Isobaric comes from the Greek words “Iso” and “Baros,” which mean “Equal Pressure.” As a result, when the volume is increased or decreased, the pressure remains constant. Any pressure changes induced by heat transmission are effectively cancelled.

Some work is done when heat is provided to a system in an isobaric process. The system’s internal energy, on the other hand, has changed. As a result, according to the first rule of thermodynamics, no quantities reach zero. The constant Pressure Process is another name for the isobaric process.

Heat can be preserved or transferred to another medium, but it can never be destroyed as a source of energy. This means that thermal energy can be transformed into other forms of energy. We have electricity and heavy machinery because of the practical implications of this function. These mechanisms all transform thermal energy into different sources of energy.

What is the Isobaric Process, and how does it work?

An isobaric process is a thermodynamic process that occurs at constant pressure. Isobaric is derived from the Greek phrases “iso” and “bars,” both of which mean “equal pressure.” As a result, when the volume is increased or decreased, the pressure remains constant. Any pressure changes induced by heat transmission are effectively cancelled.

Some work is done when heat is provided to a system in an isobaric process. The system’s internal energy, on the other hand, has changed. As a result, according to the first rule of thermodynamics, no quantities reach zero.

What does the term “thermodynamic process” mean?

When a system switches from one state (a set of values for its physical properties) to another, it is said to be in a process. The system returns to its original state when all of the system’s macroscopic physical properties return to their original values.

Two processes that change the thermodynamic equilibrium state are work and heat transfer. When a system changes slowly enough, each consecutive state it passes through is effectively in equilibrium, it is called a quasi-static process.

The reversible processes are all quasi-static in nature (occur very slowly). A static state is an equilibrium state. The system can only depart from equilibrium by an infinitesimal amount during a reversible process.

The First Law of Thermodynamics and the Isobaric Process

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure is defined as the heat given per mole per unit rise in the temperature of a gas and is expressed as Cp = (Q/nT)p, where the subscript ‘p’ denotes constant pressure.

As previously stated, in an isobaric process, heat is applied to the gas in order to increase its internal energy by expanding its volume by a small amount (dV) (dU).

We get Q = U + W from the First Law of Thermodynamics.

(dQ)p = dU + PdV………. (i)

(Because dV = 0 at constant volume, W=0; the first rule of thermodynamics states that Q = U or heat provided at constant volume = change in internal energy). As a result, dU = (dQ)v.

As a result, the equation becomes,

(dQ)v + PdV = (dQ)p….. (ii)

PV = nRT

nRdT = PdV,

(dQ)v + nRdT = (dQ)p…. (iii)

By multiplying (iii) by ndT, we get

(dQ/ndT)v + (nRdT/ndT)p = (dQ/ndT)v + (nRdT/ndT)p

Cp = (dQ/ndT)p

(dQ/ndT)v = Cv in the same way.

We acquire these values by putting these values together.

Cp equals Cv Plus R.

Isobaric Processes Examples

When you heat the gas in a cylinder with a weighted piston, the gas expands due to the increase in energy. This follows Charles’ law, which states that the volume of a gas is proportionate to its temperature. The pressure is maintained by the weighted piston. Knowing the change in gas volume and pressure allows you to compute the amount of work done. While the pressure remains constant, the piston is displaced by the change in gas volume.

The pressure would rise rather than the volume of the gas if the piston was fixed and didn’t move as the gas heating. Because the pressure was not consistent, this would not be an isobaric process. The gas was unable to displace the piston due to its inability to produce work.

When you remove the heat source from the cylinder or even put it in the freezer so it loses heat to the atmosphere, the gas shrinks in volume, pulling the weighted piston down with it while maintaining constant pressure. The system contracts as a result of this negative work.

Things to Keep in Mind

• The isobaric Process is a constant-pressure thermodynamic process.
• When the volume is increased or decreased, constant pressure is obtained. Any pressure changes induced by heat transmission are effectively cancelled.
• The constant Pressure Process is another name for the isobaric process.
• Isobaric processes include the boiling of water, which produces steam, and the freezing of water, which produces ice.
• A thermodynamic process is one in which the energy of the system changes.
• Two processes that change the thermodynamic equilibrium state are work and heat transfer.
• Molar heat capacity at constant pressure is defined as the heat given per mole per unit rise in the temperature of a gas and is expressed as Cp = (Q/nT)p, where the subscript ‘p’ denotes constant pressure.

FAQs

What are the several forms of isobaric reactions?

Process of Constant Pressure A constant pressure process is also known as an isobaric process. Example of an Isobaric Process The boiling of water to steam or freezing water to ice are examples of isobaric processes. 3 Work Done by a Gas in an Isobaric Process., therefore V > 0, and the gas's work is positive.

In an isobaric process, how is continuous pressure achieved?

As a result, constant pressure is obtained when the volume is extended or reduced. Any pressure changes induced by heat transmission are effectively canceled. Some work is done when heat is provided to a system in an isobaric process.

In an isobaric process, how much work does a gas do?

A gas expands or contracts to maintain constant pressure during the operation, resulting in a net amount of work done by or on the system. Part of the heat dQ is used to raise the temperature dT, and part is used to do external work. Because the pressure in an isobaric process is constant.