Important Topic of Chemistry: Tranquilizers

Tranquilizer: A tranquilizer is a medication that is used to treat anxiety, fear, tension, agitation, and other mental problems, with the goal of reducing anxiety and tension. F.F. Yonkman (1953) coined the term “tranquilizer” to describe the results of investigations into the drug reserpine, which revealed that the drug had a calming effect on all animals to which it was given. Reserpine is a Rauwolfia alkaloid with a central action. The word directly alludes to a person’s or animal’s condition of serenity. The term is deemed widespread or common, implying that it is not widely used in the medical field. It is specifically applied to antipsychotic and neuroleptic drugs.

A Brief Outline

The term is frequently used interchangeably with the word sedative. When used by health care experts, the phrase is frequently qualified or substituted with more specific terms: light tranquilizer typically refers to anxiolytics, whereas major tranquilizer could refer to antipsychotics. Tranquilizers and mood stabilizers are two different types of tranquilizers. They are used to treat psychotic illnesses, anxiety disorders, sleep problems, seizures, and excessive blood pressure in some cases. The following are some of the most common side effects of tranquillizers: Anxiety reduction, sedation, induced sleepiness or sleep, seizure prevention or control, muscular relaxation

Important concepts

Tranquillizers (major) vs. Tranquilizers (minor)

Patients with schizophrenia as well as other psychotic diseases are treated with strong tranquilizers, often known as antipsychotic drugs or neuroleptics. Minor tranquilizers, also known as antianxiety agents or anxiolytics, are used to treat minor anxiety and tension in healthy people and patients with less severe mental illnesses.

Even when given in daily recommended amount, tranquilizers, like other medications, have the potential to cause negative effects. Mild tranquilizers in low doses can cause drowsiness and incoordination that resembles drunkenness. These reactions are most common when the patient first starts taking the medicine, although they can also arise later when the medication accumulates. Tranquilizers can cause a severe lowering of mood as a side effect of long-term use.

Tranquillizers Examples

Iproniazid and phenelzine are two examples of tranquillizers.

Some tranquilizers are gentle in nature and are effective at reducing stress. Equanil is a drug that is used to treat depression with hypertension. Barbiturates, which are hypnotic (sleep-inducing) drugs, are available. Valium and serotonin are two chemicals that are utilized as tranquilizers. Antiseptics, on the other hand, are chemicals that inhibit the growth of bacteria.

Antiseptics

1. They are used to limit the growth of germs in live tissues such as wounds and to keep the skin free of illness.
2. Furacine, soframicine, and other antiseptics are examples. We also have antiseptic soaps that have bithionol added to them that are widely utilized.
3. Boric acid is also utilized as an antibacterial for the eyes.
4. Dettol, a combination of chloroxylenol and terpineol, is the most widely used disinfectant nowadays.
5. Both tranquilizers and antiseptics are essential for human existence.

Use of tranquillizers

Tranquilizing chemicals were created in response to certain medicinal needs. These requirements are, in general, the therapy of anxiety and tension. These can, however, be broken down into specific illnesses that doctors may use these drugs to treat.

Tranquillizer medications can be used to treat the following medical conditions:

• Anxiety
• Insomnia
• Psychosis
• Intense fear of stress
• Agitation
• Spasms of the muscles
• Schizophrenia
• Mania
• Withdrawal from alcohol

The most commonly used tranquilizers for anxiety are benzodiazepines. Tranquilizers for sleep, on the other hand, are extensively utilized. Tranquilizers, which are used to treat psychosis, are the least prevalent. All of them are acceptable medical uses for the medications. Even when therapy is required, tranquilizer abuse occurs, and use should be closely monitored.

Tranquillizers are frequently used illegally due to their sedative effects. This can be divided into two types: recreational usage and use as a tool to commit another crime. When taken recreationally, the user administers the tranquilizers to achieve a high. The medication is provided to a victim when it is employed in criminal conduct. This renders individuals unconscious and frequently leaves them with hazy or absent recollections.

The political and economic aspects of healthcare delivery appear to have little bearing on the usage of tranquillizers. The prescribing figures are the same whether the drugs are free, covered by insurance, and so must be paid for. Furthermore, the cost of benzodiazepines differs significantly from one country to the next. The most persistent concerns about the widespread use of tranquillizers have centred on their efficacy, safety, addiction potential, and social repercussions. In and of itself, the use of tranquillizers to lower emotional reactivity is a contentious topic. People have mixed feelings about these pharmaceuticals, with some seeing them as helpful cures and others seeing them as a menace to civilization.

Significance of tranquillizers in NEET exam

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FAQs

Can tranquilizers help those who are depressed?

Long-term use of tranquilizers demoralizes a person, inhibits brain functioning, impairs school and work efficiency, and can lead to depression or severe mood swings.

What are two examples of tranquilizers?

Phenelzine, noradrenaline, chlordiazepoxide, and iproniazid are some examples of tranquilizers. Tranquilizers are active medications in terms of the nervous system. They also induce a sensation of well-being, which relieves tension, anxiety, excitement, and irritation. Only a few tranquilizers are mild enough to be used for stress relief. Equanil is a drug that is used to treat hypertension and depression.

Is there a distinction between a tranquilizer and a sedative?

Prescription sedatives are used to treat anxiety, tension, and sleep difficulties. On the other side, prescription tranquilizers are used to treat anxiety, acute stress reactions, and panic disorder.