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Nerve control and communication are important parts of the human body. The Neural System is a well-organized network of point-and-point communication in the human body that allows for rapid communication, while the endocrine system is responsible for the chemical synthesis of hormones.
Integration refers to the process by which two or more members share and fulfill the functions of another. For example, when we exercise, our oxygen supply and energy levels both increase as our muscle activity increases. When we stop exercising, our emotions, heart, lungs, and kidneys all return to normal. As a result, all organ functions are well integrated to perform body function and provide the right conditions during exercise.
Similarly, in the human body, the brain and endocrine systems work together to coordinate and integrate all the functions of the organs to function in unison.
Components of the Nervous System
The sensory system of all animals is made up of highly specialized cells called neurons, which are responsible for identifying, receiving, and transmitting the many types of implants. The arrangement of the nervous system in small vertebrates, such as Hydra, is very simple, involving a network of neurons. It is best adapted to insects, where the brain is made up of many ganglia and neural tissues. In addition to the central nervous system, ganglia are a group of cellular bodies. Vertebrates, on the other hand, have a highly developed nervous system.
Human Neural System
The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system. It is also known as the CNS and is where information and control are processed.
The midbrain, cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, and medulla oblongata are all parts of the brain. The brainstem is responsible for important functions such as temperature control and assists the hypothalamus in its function. Memory and cerebellar functions are assisted by the cerebrum.
The body system and the autonomic nervous system (optionally) are both parts of the surrounding (voluntary) nervous system. It contains two types of nerve fibers found in the CNS, which are separate and different fibers.
The sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system are two subcomponents of the autonomic nervous system. The first one comes in when you are in combat, flight, or combat or flight mode (3F). The latter works when the body is resting or digesting food.
Neuron: Structural and Functional Unit of the Neurological System
A neuron is a small structure made up of three major parts: the body of the cell, the dendrites, and the axon. Neurons can be unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar.
- Cell Body: It has a cytoplasm consisting of normal cells organelles and Nissl granules, which are granular structures.
- Dendrites: These are short fibers that come out of the cell body and contain Nissl granules. Dendrites are responsible for transmitting impulses from the cell body to the dendrites.
- Axon: It is a long fiber with a branching distal end. Each of these branches ends with a bulb-shaped structure known as a synaptic knob, which contains synaptic vesicles containing chemicals known as neurotransmitters that flow in one direction. Myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers are two types of axons; the former is found in the spinal and cranial vessels and is enclosed by Schwann cells. The spaces between the two adjacent myelin sheets are known as Ranvier nodes. Non-myelinated nerve fiber contains Schwann cells but does not produce myelin adhesive around the axon. Widespread in the ANS and SNS.
Types of Neurons
Neurons can be divided into three types according to the number of axons and dendrites they have:
- Multipolar Neurons: It is present in the cerebral cortex and connects one axon with two or more dendrites.
- Bipolar Neurons: It is found in the retina of the eye and contains one axon and one dendrite.
- Unipolar Neurons: A single-celled axon body found in the embryo.
- Generation and Continuity of Nerve Impulse
Functional cells are known as neurons because they transmit electricity. Their membranes are polarised, and the axolemma, or neural membrane, contains many types of ion channels. Different ions enter selectively from these ions.
The strength of the relaxing membrane of a neuron is a state in which it does not carry out any concepts. Potassium ions (K +) easily penetrate the axonal membrane, whereas sodium ions (Na +) cannot penetrate.
Things to Remember
- The central nervous system is protected by a strong internal skeletal system, such as the skull and spinal column, to limit the impact of accidental damage.
- Neurons in the peripheral nervous system transmit signals between many parts of the body and the central nervous system.
- Unlike other cells, a neuron is a structural and functional part of the nervous system that is abnormal and capable of carrying electrochemical impulses.
- The human body can perform both voluntary and voluntary tasks with the help of peripheral nerves.
- The nervous system can be as small as a few hundred worm cells and as large as 100 billion cells in humans.
Neural Control & Coordination: Nerve control and communication are important parts of the human body. The Neural System is a well-organized network of point-and-point communication in the human body that allows for rapid communication, while the endocrine system is responsible for the chemical synthesis of hormones.
Also read: Important Topic Of Biology: Gonads
FAQs
Which region of the brain is responsible for thinking and reasoning?
The cerebrum, the central nervous system, regulates temperature and initiates and regulates movement. Speech, judgment, thinking and reasoning, problem-solving, emotions, and learning are all powered by other parts of the brain.
What is an example of control and communication?
For example, activities such as writing, dancing, cycling involve control and communication in the human body. As a result, the volunteer nervous system helps us to perform volunteer work under the direction of the brain.
Which part of the nervous system controls the connection?
Our activities are controlled by a central nervous system. The cerebrum is in control of our senses, our thoughts, and our emotions. The cerebellum is responsible for muscle contraction and movement.
