Isomerase – Explanation, Triose Phosphate, Enoyl CoA Isomerase and FAQs

Glucose Isomerase –

Glucose isomerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of glucose and fructose to glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate, respectively. This reaction is important in the metabolism of glucose, as it allows the cells to produce energy from glucose. Glucose isomerase is also used in the food industry to produce high-fructose corn syrup. Isomerase – Explanation Triose Phosphate Enoyl CoA Isomerase and FAQs.

Triose Phosphate Isomerase-

Triose phosphate isomerase (TPI) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 3-phospho-D-glycerate. It is found in all living organisms and is a key enzyme in glycolysis.

Glucose Isomerase-

The enzyme glucose isomerase converts glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate. Glucose isomerase is a tetramer of identical subunits. The active site of the enzyme is located in a deep cleft on the surface of the subunit. The substrate, glucose-6-phosphate, binds to the enzyme in the cleft, and the reaction occurs within the enzyme. The product, fructose-6-phosphate, is released from the enzyme.

Phosphohexose Isomerase-

Phosphohexose isomerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of D-glucose-6-phosphate to D-fructose-6-phosphate. This enzyme is found in the cytosol of cells and is necessary for the metabolism of glucose.

Peptidyl Prolyl Isomerase-

A peptidyl prolyl isomerase (PPI) is an enzyme that catalyzes the isomerization of peptide bonds in proteins. PPIases are essential for the proper folding of proteins and the prevention of aggregation.

PPIases can be divided into two classes, type I and type II. Type I PPIases are found in the cytosol, while type II PPIases are localized to the endoplasmic reticulum.

The crystal structure of a PPIase, PPIase from “Pyrococcus furiosus” was determined in 2002.

Enoyl CoA Isomerase-

In enzymology, an enoyl-CoA isomerase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, enoyl-CoA, and one product, crotonyl-CoA.

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically the carbon-oxygen lyases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is enoyl-CoA hydratase/carnithine racemase. This enzyme is also called enoyl-CoA isomerase (trans-2-enoyl-CoA hydratase).