Table of Contents
What is Structural Organization in Animals?
Structural organization in animals refers to the way in which the body is arranged and the different tissues and organs that make it up.
There are four main levels of structural organization in animals- the cellular level, the tissue level, the organ level, and the organ system level. Cells are the basic unit of life and tissues are groups of cells that work together to carry out a specific function.
Organs are made up of tissues and are responsible for a specific function in the body, such as the heart or lungs. Organ systems are groups of organs that work together to carry out a specific function in the body, such as the digestive system or the respiratory system.
What is Structural Organization in a Cell?
Structural organization in a cell refers to the way in which the different parts of the cell are arranged. The cell membrane surrounds the cell and separates the inside of the cell from the outside environment.
The cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance inside the cell membrane that contains the cell’s organelles. The organelles are the structures inside the cell that carry out the cell’s functions.
Cell Organelles and its Functions
Cell organelles are tiny structures inside cells that carry out specific functions;
The three most important organelles are the nucleus, the mitochondria, and the endoplasmic reticulum:
The nucleus is the largest organelle in the cell. It is responsible for controlling the cell’s activities, including the synthesis of proteins. The nucleus contains the cell’s DNA, which contains the instructions for the cell’s activities.
The mitochondria are responsible for the cell’s energy production. They produce ATP, a molecule that provides energy for the cell’s activities.
The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of tubes and sacs that helps to process proteins. It also helps to transport materials in and out of the cell.
Tissue
Tissue engineering is a process of regenerating or repairing human tissue by using cells from the patient’s body. Tissue engineering can be used to treat a variety of medical conditions, including skin wounds, burns, heart disease, and diabetes.
One way tissue engineering is used to treat medical conditions is by using a patient’s own cells to regenerate or repair tissue.
For example, if a patient has a skin wound, the cells from the patient’s skin can be used to regenerate the tissue. This is done by removing a small piece of skin from the patient and culturing the cells in a lab. The cultured cells can then be used to create a skin graft for the patient.
Another way tissue engineering is used to treat medical conditions is by using a patient’s own cells to produce a therapeutic protein.
For example, if a patient has heart disease, the cells from the patient’s heart can be used to produce a therapeutic protein that will help to improve the patient’s condition. This is done by extracting cells from the patient’s heart and culturing them in a lab. The cultured cells are then used to produce the therapeutic protein.
Organ Level of Organization
The organ level of organization is the smallest level of organization in the body that has specific functions.
An organ is a collection of tissues that work together to carry out a specific function.
For example, the heart is an organ that pumps blood through the body.
- The liver is an organ that filters toxins from the blood.
- The brain is an organ that controls the body’s activities.
Organ System Level of Organization
There are many levels of organization in the body, from the cellular level to the organ system level. The organ system level is the highest level of organization in the body. This level is made up of organs, which are groups of tissues that work together to perform a specific function. The organ systems in the body are the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the reproductive system, and the nervous system.
The respiratory system is responsible for bringing oxygen into the body and removing carbon dioxide. The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients that the body can use. The urinary system removes waste products from the body. The reproductive system produces offspring. The nervous system controls all of the body’s activities.
Each organ system is made up of organs that work together to perform a specific function;
The respiratory system is made up of the lungs and the diaphragm:
- The lungs take in oxygen from the air and the diaphragm helps to move air in and out of the lungs. The digestive system is made up of the stomach, the small intestine, the large intestine, and the pancreas.
- The stomach breaks down food into smaller pieces, the small intestine absorbs the nutrients from the food, the large intestine absorbs water from the food, and the pancreas produces digestive enzymes.
- The urinary system is made up of the kidneys, the ureters, the bladder, and the urethra. The kidneys filter blood to remove waste products, the ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder, the bladder stores urine, and the urethra carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
- The reproductive system is made up of the ovaries, the uterus, the fallopian tubes, and the vagina. The ovaries produce eggs, the uterus holds the baby while it is developing, the fallopian tubes carry the eggs from the ovaries to the uterus, and the vagina receives the baby at birth.
- The nervous system is made up of the brain and the spinal cord. The brain controls all of the activities in the body, and the spinal cord carries messages between the brain and the rest of the body.
