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What is uniform and non uniform motion? When is an object said be in uniform motion? In our daily life, we see several objects which are in motion and some are at rest. An object is said to be in motion when it is moved when we apply force. A motion object is defined as a body that moves from one point to another with respect to place and time.
How do you define motion? Motion is mathematically described in terms of displacement, distance, speed, velocity, acceleration, and time. Kinetics is a branch of physics that describes the motion of an object without referring to its cause and on the other hand, branch studying forces and their effect on motion is known as dynamics. Motion is applied to every object which we see in our daily life as the motion of radiation, the motion of waves, etc. Motion is so applied to every single object which tends to change its position from one to another.
This chapter is all about uniform motion and non uniform motion and also explains average velocity. Uniform motion is a type of motion defined as when an object travels with uniform speed it is denoted as uniform motion. An object’s velocity remains uniformly constant as it covers equal distance in equal intervals of time. Non uniform motion is a type of motion when a body or an object covers varied speeds without equal time intervals irrespective of time duration. This means the object doesn’t cover equal distance at equal intervals which is quietly opposite to uniform motion.
Average velocity when we hear average it is the sum of quantities to the total number of quantities. Velocity is defined as change in position of an object concerning the direction an object moves with specific time intervals. Average velocity is a vector quantity and is defined as the change in position of displacement divided by change in time intervals in which displacement occurs. The average velocity can be positive or negative depending upon the displacement. The SI unit of average velocity is meter/second. To get average velocity we need to divide total displacement and total time. It is all about this topic or chapter.
Uniform and Non Uniform Motion
This concept of motion in physics is one of the most important topics in mechanics. On this earth, every object is moving with respect to time and rest objects. Motion is a change of position with reference to time. The motion of a mass-contained object is described as the displacement, distance, speed, velocity, acceleration, and time. Now motion is of two kinds they are uniform motion and non-uniform motion.
Uniform Motion
Uniform motion refers to the movement of an object at a constant speed in a straight line. This is a fundamental concept in physics, and understanding it is crucial for mastering more advanced topics such as mechanics, kinematics, and dynamics. Uniform motion is also a common occurrence in everyday life, from the motion of cars on a highway to the movement of the earth around the sun.
One of the defining features of uniform motion is that the object in question moves at a constant velocity. Velocity is a vector quantity that describes both the speed and the direction of an object’s motion. In the case of uniform motion, the speed remains constant, which means that the velocity vector also remains constant. This can be represented graphically as a straight line on a velocity-time graph, with the slope of the line representing the constant velocity.
Another important aspect of uniform motion is that the object moves in a straight line. This means that there is no change in the object’s direction during the motion. If there were any changes in direction, the motion would no longer be uniform.
One of the most useful applications of uniform motion is in solving problems involving distance, time, and speed. The distance an object travels during uniform motion is equal to the product of the speed and the time elapsed. This relationship can be expressed mathematically as:
velocity= displacement/time which is constant
Examples of uniform motion are the hands of a clock that moves in uniform speed completing a certain distance in an hour:
- An airplane flying at a particular height with steady speed.
- A fan blade on the ceiling moves with uniform motion.
- A train going along the tracks at a steady speed.
- Earth moving around the sun and its own rotations are uniform motion.
- A pendulum clock has equal amplitudes on both sides.
- A bike moving with 10m/s means that the bike is moving 10 meters in one second. The speed is constant in every second which we can call as uniform motion.
Non-uniform Motion
Non-uniform motion is a type of motion when a body or an object covers varied speeds without equal time intervals irrespective of time duration. This means the object doesn’t cover equal distance at equal intervals which is quietly opposite to uniform motion. In rectilinear motion, if motion is not consistent then acceleration will be non-zero.
Every time when the speed of an object changes by different proportions in the same interval of time then also the motion of an object is said to be non-uniform motion. The graph between displacement and time will be a curved path as it does not follow the same speed at the same intervals of time.
Non-uniform motion is also known as accelerated motion. Accelerated motion in kinetics is defined as the object changing its speed in unequal intervals of time. It is similar to mean speed for a short interval of time. Accelerated velocity is defined as the ratio of change in velocity to the time taken for change. If body stats at a point moves with constant velocity then there is no acceleration.
A uniform variable motion can also be positively accelerated if acceleration is greater than zero, negatively accelerated if acceleration is less than zero and to initial conditions it can be in motion without initial speed if velocity is equal to zero and that initial speed if velocity is greater than zero. Uniform variable movement is a constant acceleration movement. This means that any change in velocity is divided by a time interval which gives the same acceleration value.
Examples of non-uniform motion are horse running will be non-uniform in nature:
- Marathon
- Dragging of an object
- Asteroid movement
- Movement of a car in traffic and the oscillations of a pendulum.
Difference between uniform and uniform motions
| Uniform motion | Non-uniform motion | |
| Definition | When an object moves at constant speed at equal intervals of time is known as uniform motion. | When an object moves with variable speed with an unequal interval of time is known as non-uniform speed. |
| Rectilinear motion | Acceleration is zero. | Acceleration is non-zero. |
| Graph | The distance and time graph is a straight line. | The graph between distance and time is a curved line. |
| Distance | Covers equal distance at equal intervals of time. | Covers unequal distance in unequal intervals of time. |
| Example | A fan blade on the ceiling moves with uniform motion. | Asteroid movement
Movement of a car in traffic |
Average velocity:
Motion terms can be described as speed, velocity, displacement, distance, acceleration, and time. All the parameters described concern one term that is time. Average velocity when ae hear average it is the sum of quantities to the total number of quantities. Velocity is defined as a change in the position of an object concerning the direction an object moves with specific time intervals. Average velocity is a vector quantity and is defined as the change in position of displacement divided by change in time intervals in which displacement occurs. The average velocity can be positive or negative depending upon the displacement. The SI unit of average velocity is meter/second. To get average velocity we need to divide total displacement and total time.
Average velocity = total displacement/ total time.
Importance of this chapter in NEET and JEE
Uniform motion and non-uniform motion and average velocity are the main topics in physics that are basic. You will get at least 2-5 from this chapter. It is easy to do but when we neglect it marks will be gone from our hands. An easy chapter that gives you a good score. Uniform and non-uniform motion are very simple you need to learn the definition and some points and examples that are compulsory for uniform motion and non-uniform motion. From average velocity, you can get questions like definition and formula and sums related to that and also you can get the difference of average speed and velocity and there are a lot of problems related to the average velocity. So you can get a good score if you learn it well and do the good practice.
Related Links:
| Oscillatory Motion |
| Laws of Motion |
| Physics Fundamentals |
| Motion |
| Laws Of Motion Questions for CBSE Class 11th |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on Uniform and Non Uniform Motion
uniform motion is a type of motion defined as when an object travels with the uniform speed it is denoted as uniform motion. An object's velocity remains uniformly constant as it covers equal distance in equal intervals of time.
Non-uniform motion is a type of motion when a body or an object covers varied speeds without equal time intervals irrespective of time duration. This means the object doesn't cover equal distance at equal intervals which is quietly opposite to uniform motion.
Average velocity = total displacement/ total time.
Average velocity when we hear the average is the sum of quantities to the total number of quantities. Velocity is defined as the change in position of an object concerning the direction an object moves with specific time intervals. Average velocity is a vector quantity and is defined as the change in position of displacement divided by change in time intervals in which displacement occurs. The average velocity can be positive or negative depending upon the displacement. The SI unit of average velocity is meter/second. To get average velocity we need to divide total displacement and total time. What is uniform motion?
What is non-uniform motion?
What is average velocity?
Write the difference between uniform velocity and non-uniform velocity?
Question: Difference between uniform and uniform motions?
Answer:
| Uniform motion | Non-uniform motion | |
| Definition | When an object moves at constant speed at equal intervals of time is known as uniform motion. | When an object moves with variable speed with an unequal interval of time is known as non-uniform speed. |
| Rectilinear motion | Acceleration is zero. | Acceleration is non-zero. |
| Graph | The distance and time graph is a straight line. | The graph between distance and time is a curved line. |
| Distance | Covers equal distance at equal intervals of time. | Covers unequal distance in unequal intervals of time. |
| Example | A fan blade on the ceiling moves with uniform motion. | Asteroid movement
Movement of a car in traffic |
