Table of Contents
What is a Monomer? ; Classification of Monomers: ;
A monomer is a small molecule that can bind to other monomers to form a polymer. There are many different types of monomers, classified by their chemical structure. Some common types of monomers include:
-Acyclic monomers: These monomers are made up of simple, linear molecules. They are generally not very stable, and tend to react easily with other molecules.
– cyclic monomers: These monomers are made up of rings of atoms. They are generally more stable than acyclic monomers, and tend to have fewer reactive sites.
– Condensation monomers: These monomers are made up of two smaller molecules that are joined together. The process of joining these molecules releases water.
– Acrylic monomers: These monomers are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They are generally very stable and water-soluble.
Synthetic Monomers:
Synthetic monomers are man-made molecules that can be used to create plastics and other synthetic materials. They are made from simple, commercially available chemicals, and can be produced in large quantities. Synthetic monomers are used to make polymers, which are long chains of molecules that can be molded into a variety of shapes. Polymers are used to make a wide variety of products, including plastics, fibers, and coatings.
2) Thermoplastic Acrylics:
Thermoplastic acrylics are a type of plastic that can be molded when heated and will retain their shape when cooled. This type of plastic is often used in the manufacturing of eyeglasses, car headlights, and signs.
About Natural Monomers:
Natural monomers are those that are found in nature. They are typically small molecules that can easily join together to form larger molecules. Some common examples include water, carbon dioxide, and methane.
Amino Acids
Amino acids are organic compounds that combine to form proteins. There are 20 different amino acids that are used to build proteins. Amino acids are classified as either essential or non-essential. Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from the diet. Non-essential amino acids can be synthesized by the body if there is an adequate supply of nitrogen and other essential nutrients.
The essential amino acids are: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.
Nucleotides
Nucleotides are the monomeric units that make up DNA and RNA. They are composed of a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar, and a phosphate group. The nitrogenous bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). The five-carbon sugar is either ribose or deoxyribose. The phosphate group is attached to the 5′ carbon of the sugar.
Monosaccharides
Monosaccharides are the simplest type of sugar molecule. Glucose, fructose, and galactose are the most common monosaccharides.
Glucose is the primary sugar molecule used by the body for energy. It is found in foods such as bread, pasta, and potatoes.
Fructose is found in fruits and honey.
Galactose is found in milk and dairy products.
Isoprene
Isoprene is a colorless and flammable gas with a faintly sweet odor. It is the simplest example of a hydrocarbon.
Isoprene is used in the production of synthetic rubber.
