Chapter 1 Nutrition in Plants for Class 7 Notes Science

Nutrition in Plants for Class 7 Notes

In Class 7 Science Chapter 1, “Nutrition in Plants,” students learn how plants get their food. They discover how plants make their food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water in a process called photosynthesis. The chapter also explains different ways plants get their food, like depending on other organisms. It discusses the importance of chlorophyll, sunlight, and the process of photosynthesis in detail. By learning about plants’ nutritional needs, students understand how vital plants are for life on Earth and in the ecosystem.

Topic-wise Class 7 Science Chapter 1 Nutrition in Plants Notes

Below are the topic-wise notes for Class 7 Science Chapter 1, “Nutrition in Plants,” covering all the topics present in the science textbook for Class 7. These CBSE notes provide a comprehensive overview of how plants obtain nutrition, the process of photosynthesis, and different modes of nutrition in plants.

CBSE Syllabus for Class 7 Science

Living and Non-living Organisms

Living organisms are beings that show characteristics like growth, reproduction, movement, and response to stimuli. Examples include animals, plants, and humans.
Non-living organisms are things that do not show these characteristics. Examples include rocks, water, and air.

Cells

Cells are the smallest units of life that make up all living organisms. Think of them like building blocks that come together to form the entire structure of a living being.
Every living thing, from tiny bacteria to large animals and plants, is made up of cells.

Single and Multi-cellular Organisms

Single-cellular organisms are made up of only one cell. They are microscopic and include organisms like bacteria and amoebas.
Multi-cellular organisms have more than one cell and can be seen with the naked eye. Humans, animals, and trees are examples of multi-cellular organisms.

Nutrition

Nutrition is the process by which living organisms obtain and use food to get energy, grow, and repair their bodies.
It involves the intake of nutrients, which are substances that provide energy or help in the growth and repair of the body.

Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

Autotrophs are organisms that can make their own food. For example, green plants use sunlight to make food through a process called photosynthesis.
Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot make their own food and need to consume other organisms to get energy. Animals and humans are examples of heterotrophs.

Photosynthesis – Food Making Process in Plants

Photosynthesis is a process used by green plants to create their food using sunlight, carbon dioxide from the air, and water from the soil.
The food made is glucose (a type of sugar), and oxygen is released as a by-product. The process can be summarized by the equation 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + sunlight → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂.

Site of Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis primarily occurs in the leaves of plants, specifically in structures called chloroplasts.
Chloroplasts contain a pigment called chlorophyll, which absorbs sunlight and gives leaves their green color.

Products of Photosynthesis

The main products of photosynthesis are glucose (a type of sugar) and oxygen.
Glucose provides energy for the plant, while oxygen is released into the atmosphere as a byproduct.

Reactions Involved in Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis involves two main reactions: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions).
In the light-dependent reactions, energy from sunlight is used to split water molecules, releasing oxygen and creating energy-rich molecules (ATP and NADPH).
In the Calvin cycle, ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions are used to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.

Importance of Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is crucial for life on Earth as it provides oxygen for respiration and organic compounds for food.
It is the foundation of most food chains and plays a key role in the carbon cycle, helping to regulate Earth’s climate.

Replenishment of Nutrients in Soil

Nutrients in the soil can be replenished through natural processes such as decomposition, where dead organisms and waste materials break down, releasing nutrients back into the soil.
Crop rotation and the use of leguminous plants that have nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their root nodules can also help replenish nitrogen in the soil.
Organic matter, like compost or manure, added to the soil can improve its nutrient content and overall health.

Organelles

Organelles are small structures inside cells that perform specific functions. For example, the nucleus controls the cell’s activities, and mitochondria provide energy for the cell.

Chloroplasts

Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells that contain the green pigment chlorophyll. They are the site of photosynthesis, where light energy is converted into chemical energy.

Chlorophyll

Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in chloroplasts of plant cells. It helps in capturing sunlight, which is used in photosynthesis to make food for the plant.

Nutrients being replenished in the soil

Soil nutrients can be replenished through natural processes like the decomposition of dead plants and animals, which return nutrients to the soil, and through nitrogen fixation, where certain bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use.

Other Modes of Nutrition

Symbiotic Relationship: This is a close relationship between two different organisms where both benefit. For example, some plants have a symbiotic relationship with bacteria that help them get nutrients.
Nitrogen Fixation: This is the process of converting nitrogen from the air into a form that plants can use to make proteins.
Rhizobium: These are bacteria that live in the roots of leguminous plants (like beans and peas) and help in nitrogen fixation.
Parasites: These are organisms that live on or inside another organism (the host) and get their food from the host, often harming it in the process.
Saprotrophs: These are organisms that feed on dead and decaying matter, breaking it down and returning nutrients to the soil.
Insectivorous: Plants These are plants that trap and digest insects to obtain nutrients, especially in soil that is low in nutrients. Examples include the Venus flytrap and pitcher plant.

Other Resources for Class 7
NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 7	NCERT Books for Class 7
Class 7 Worksheets	NCERT Solutions for Class 7

FAQs on Nutrition in Plants for Class 7 Notes

What is the nutrition of a plant?

Plant nutrition refers to how plants obtain and use nutrients to grow and survive. It involves processes like photosynthesis and nutrient absorption from the soil.

What is important plant nutrition?

Important plant nutrition includes essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are crucial for plant growth, development, and overall health.

What is the role of nutrition in plants?

Nutrition in plants is vital for their growth, metabolism, and reproduction. It provides the necessary energy and building blocks for plant cells to function and grow.

What are the two types of plant nutrients?

The two types of plant nutrients are macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients are required in large quantities, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, while micronutrients are needed in smaller amounts, like iron, zinc, and copper.

How many nutrients do plants need in total?

Plants need 17 essential nutrients in total, including macronutrients and micronutrients, to grow and thrive.

What is nutrition in plants Class 7?

Nutrition in plants Class 7 refers to the study of how plants obtain and use nutrients for their growth and development, as part of the science curriculum for seventh-grade students.