Table of Contents
PEM Full Form: PEM stands for Protein-Energy Malnutrition, a condition that sadly claims the lives of many, both among children and adults. This ailment has been responsible for a staggering 250,000 deaths.
The main culprits behind PEM are hunger and the limited availability of essential food and nutrients. It can also afflict individuals grappling with severe illnesses such as cancer or AIDS.
The most effective approach to combat this condition is by providing patients with the nourishment they urgently need. This involves ensuring they receive the right nutrition, sufficient food, and essential multivitamins.
PEM Full Form in Hindi
PEM Full Form “प्रोटीन-ऊर्जा की कमी” और यह मानसिक रूप से होती है। इसमें आहार में प्रोटीन की कमी होती है और साथ ही ऊर्जा की भी कमी होती है। विश्वभर में हर साल लगभग 2,50,000 मौतें होती हैं, जिनमें बच्चे और वयस्क दोनों शामिल होते हैं। इस बीमारी का सबसे अधिक प्रभाव वृद्ध लोगों पर पड़ता है।
PEM एक शारीरिक दिवस्थिति है जिसका दूसरा नाम “कैंसर कैक्सिया” होता है, जिससे दीर्घकालिक जिग्रनित रोग संबंधित होता है। इसमें प्रोटीन का बिना बर्बाद हो जाना और ऊर्जा का निर्माण नहीं होता।
वे लोग जो जल्दी वजन कम करने की डाइट करते हैं, बच्चों में इस तरह की बीमारी आमतौर पर होती है, और बच्चे के पोषण की जरूरतों को नजरअंदाज कर देते हैं। यहाँ पर अक्सर दूध की एलर्जी की समस्या होती है और लोग अन्य विकल्पों को अनदेखा करते हैं।
PEM Full Form in English
PEM stands for Protein-Energy Malnutrition, which is a condition that occurs when a person’s diet lacks enough protein and energy from food. This deficiency can result in slow growth, weight loss, and a weaker immune system. PEM is something that can affect both kids and adults, particularly those dealing with depression or difficult circumstances.
When someone experiences PEM, they may notice that their muscles become weaker, and their physical and mental development can slow down. Additionally, they become more vulnerable to getting sick. This condition usually happens when a person doesn’t have access to enough food, especially if they are living in poverty or already have health problems.
PEM Full Form in Medical
In the world of medicine, “PEM” stands for Protein Energy Malnutrition. This is a condition that occurs when a person doesn’t get enough protein and specific essential nutrients in their diet. When someone has PEM, they may experience unintentional weight loss.
PEM can vary in severity, and doctors categorize it into three levels: mild, moderate, and severe, based on how the person’s body is affected. This condition is not limited to any particular region and can be found in both developed and underdeveloped countries across the globe.
Types of PEM
Two types pf PEM, The primary PEM and secondary PEM. Know more details related to both in the section below.
Primary PEM
Primary PEM is rare in children but is more commonly seen in adults dealing with depression. There are two main types of primary PEM, known as Kwashiorkor and Marasmus. Let’s explore each of them:
Kwashiorkor
- Swelling, especially in the legs, feet, and sometimes the face and hands, because of excess fluid buildup.
- Muscles wasting away, leading to a loss of body mass.
- Enlarged liver and the buildup of fluid in the belly (ascites).
- Skin becoming thin, fragile, discolored, and peeling.
- Hair thinning, losing color, and falling out.
- Feeling irritable, tired, and having changes in behavior.
- Poor growth and not developing as expected.
- Healing from injuries taking longer, and being more vulnerable to infections.
- Losing appetite.
Marasmus
- Severe weight loss and muscle wasting, making the body look skeletal.
- The rib cage becomes prominent, and bones are visible, especially in the extremities.
- Eyes appear sunken and hollow.
- The skin and bones become visible because the fat beneath the skin is lost.
- Growth is stunted, and both physical and mental development are delayed.
- Feeling tired, irritable, and weak.
- Facing severe malnutrition-related problems like imbalances in body salts (electrolytes) and infections.
- Struggling with cold because there’s less insulation from reduced body fat.
- Dealing with chronic diarrhea and problems in the stomach and intestines.
Secondary PEM
Secondary Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) in humans can show various signs and symptoms. These include:
- Digestive Problems: Issues in the stomach and intestines.
- Higher Risk of Infections: Becoming more susceptible to illnesses.
- Overactive Thyroid: An overactive thyroid gland.
- Injuries: Harm or damage to the body.
- Burns: Skin damage caused by heat or fire.
- Loss of Appetite: Not feeling hungry.
- Difficulty Processing Nutrients: Trouble with the body’s use of essential nutrients.
How is PEM Diagnosed?
Protein-Energy Malnutrition, or PEM, can be identified through straightforward physical and clinical assessments of patients. To determine if someone is experiencing PEM, healthcare professionals typically rely on the following methods:
- BMI Calculation: This involves measuring a person’s weight and height to calculate their Body Mass Index (BMI). It’s a basic way to assess if someone is undernourished.
- Fat Metabolism Analysis: Examining how the body processes fat can provide insights into malnutrition. Doctors may look at how fats are being utilized.
- Height and Weight Measurement: Tracking changes in height and weight over time can reveal signs of malnutrition, especially in children.
- Hormone, Enzyme, and Cholesterol Levels: Blood tests can reveal abnormalities in hormone levels, enzymes, and cholesterol, which can be associated with malnutrition.
- Serum Albumin Levels: Measuring the level of serum albumin in the blood helps assess protein status. Low levels can indicate malnutrition.
- Total Blood Count: A simple blood test that checks the number of different blood cells can give clues about malnutrition and related health issues.
These diagnostic methods, while straightforward, play a crucial role in identifying and addressing Protein-Energy Malnutrition in patients.
Symptoms of PEM
You can identify the symptoms of Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) by checking if the patient shows any of the following signs:
- Lack of interest or feeling down
- Feeling weak and not having enough energy
- Trouble thinking clearly
- Passing out or losing consciousness
- Problems digesting lactose
- Diarrhea
- Shrinking of reproductive organs
- Absence of menstrual periods in women
- Reduced sexual desire in both men and women
- Unintentional weight loss
- Muscles getting smaller
- Bones sticking out
- Thin, pale, dry, less flexible, and cold skin
- Losing hair
- Slow healing of wounds
- Higher risk of hip fractures and ulcers in older patients
- Smaller heart and reduced ability to pump blood
- Slower breathing and reduced lung capacity
- Problems with the liver, kidneys, or heart
- Severe PEM can even be life-threatening.
PEM Full Form FAQs
What is PEM caused by?
PEM is primarily caused by a lack of proper nutrition, especially when the diet lacks enough protein and calories.
What are the types of PEM?
There are two main types of PEM: Marasmus, which results from severe calorie deficiency, and Kwashiorkor, caused by insufficient protein intake.
What is the full form of PEM in pathology?
The full form of PEM in pathology is Protein-Energy Malnutrition.
What is the full form of PEM?
The full form of PEM is Protein-Energy Malnutrition.
What is PEM in protein?
PEM in protein stands for Protein-Energy Malnutrition, a condition where the body lacks both protein and calories.
What is PEM in health?
In health, PEM refers to Protein-Energy Malnutrition, a condition caused by an inadequate intake of protein and calories.
What is PEM disease?
PEM, or Protein-Energy Malnutrition, is a nutritional disorder where the body doesn't get enough protein and calories, leading to health problems.
What are the common diseases of PEM?
Common diseases associated with PEM include Marasmus and Kwashiorkor, both stemming from inadequate nutrition.
