BlogCBSECBSE Class 7 English Grammar Verb

CBSE Class 7 English Grammar Verb

CBSE Class 7 English Grammar Verb

1. Verb. The verb is a word that expresses some action, feeling or existence. It tells us something about the subject; as
Lions roar. (action)
Boys fly kites. (action)
I feel sorry. (feeling)
Ashoka was a great king. (existence)

2. All the verbs (shown above in black) ‘roar’, ‘fly’, ‘feel’, and ‘was’, are limited by ^ the number and person of their subjects. Therefore, ‘roar’, ‘fly’, ‘feel’, and ‘was’, are Main Verbs—main verbs are also called Finite Verbs.

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    3. Verbs are divided in two parts :
    A. Main Verbs (also called lexical verbs)
    B. Helping Verbs (Auxiliaries—Primary and Modals)
    All verbs in English except the 24 helping verbs are main verbs. Look at the chart below :
    CBSE Class 7 English Grammar Verb

    Main Verb

    Main Verbs are also of two kinds :

    1. Finite verbs
    2. Non-finite verbs

    Finite verbs change their forms according to the person and number of the subject and the tense also, e.g.
    He reads. I read
    They read. She goes.
    I go.
    They go.
    Non-finite verbs do not change their forms according to the number, person or tense of the subject. The infinitives, gerunds and participles are called non-finites.

    4. Read the following sentences :
    Lata sang a song.
    I wrote a letter.
    Children like sweets.
    In each of these sentences the verb takes an object ‘song’, ‘letter’ and ‘sweets’ are objects. A verb that takes an object is called a Transitive Verb. The object usually answers the question what ? Or whom ?
    Now look at the following sentences :
    Birds fly.
    The sun shines.
    These verbs do not require objects. They express the actions by themselves and make the sense complete. They are called Intransitive Verbs. Some Verbs can be used both Transitively and Intransitively.

    Verbs Used Intransitively Verbs Used Transitively
    1. Birds fly Boys fiy kites
    2. The horse runs fast I ran a race

    Exercise 1

    Pick out the Transitive and Intransitive Verbs in the following sentences. Name the Object of each Transitive Verb :
    1. I killed a snake.
    2. The ship sank.
    3. She jumped into the well.
    4. She spoke slowly.
    5. The sun rose in the East.
    6. I broke the plates. ,
    7. The play lasted an hour.
    8. This pen costs five rupees.

    II. The Conjugation of Verbs

    To Conjugate a Verb means to give its four Principal forms :

    Present Past
    Past Participle Present Participle

    If the Past or Past Participle is formed from the Present Tense by changing the Vowel of a Verb ; as—
    Take, took, taken and do, did, done
    The Verb is said to be a Strong Verb.
    If the Verb requires the addition of ‘ed\ ‘cf or ‘f to form their Past and Past Participles, they are called Weak Verbs ; as—
    Finish, finished, finished ; die, died, died and build, built, built.

    Group I (Where no ‘n’ is added to the Past Participle)

    Present Past Past Participle Present Participle
    Abide abode abode abiding
    Awake awoke awoke awaking
    Become became become becoming
    Begin began begun beginning
    Dig dug dug digging
    Drink ; drank drunk drinking
    Fight fought fought fighting
    Find found found finding
    Hold held held holding
    Lie lied lied lying
    Ring rang rung ringing
    Run ran run running
    Shine shone shone shining
    Sing sang sung singing
    Sit sat sat sitting
    Stand stood stood standing
    Swim swam swum swimming
    Win won won winning
    Wind wound wound winding

    Group II (Where ‘n’ or ‘ne’ is added to the Past Participle)

    Present Past Past Participle Present Participle
    Arise arose arisen arising
    Bear bore bom bearing
    Bear bore borne bearing
    Bid bade bidden bidding*
    Blow blew blown blowing
    Break broke broken breaking
    Choose chose chosen choosing
    Draw drew drawn drawing
    Drive drove driven driving
    Fall fell fallen falling
    Fly flew flown flying
    Forget forgot forgotten forgetting
    Freeze froze frozen freezing
    Grow grew grown growing
    Hide hid hidden hiding
    Know knew known knowing
    Lie lay lain lying
    Ride rode ridden riding
    Shake shook shaken shaking
    Sink sank sunk, sunken sinking
    Speak spoke spoken speaking
    Steal stole stolen stealing
    Strike struck struck, stricken striking
    Tear tore tom tearing
    Throw threw thrown throwing
    Wake waked, woke waked, woken waking
    Wear wore worn wearing
    Write wrote written writing

     

    Note. Since the Present Participle is only the—ing form of the Present, we are giving below pnly the first three forms.

    Group III—Mixed Verbs (Partly Strong and Partly Weak)

    Present Past Past Participle
    Beat beat beaten
    Do did done
    Hang hung, hanged hung, hanged
    Melt melted melted, molten
    Sew sewed sewed, sewn
    Shave shaved shaved, shaven
    Show showed showed, shown

    Group IV (Conjugation of Weak Verbs)

    Present Past Past Participle
    Bend bent bent
    Bring brought brought
    Build built built
    Bum burned, burnt burned, burnt
    Catch caught caught*
    Deal dealt dealt
    Dream dreamed dreamed
    dreamt dreamt
    Feed fed fed
    Feel felt felt
    Have had had
    Hear heard heard
    Kneel knelt knelt
    Lay laid laid
    Lead led led
    Leave left left
    Lend lent lent
    Light lighted, lit lighted, lit
    Lose lost lost
    Make made made
    Mean meant meant
    Say said said
    Seek sought sought
    Send sent sent
    Sleep slept slept
    Smell smelt smelt
    Spell spelled, spelt spelled, spelt
    Spend spent spent
    Stay stayed stayed
    Teach taught taught
    Wed wedded, wed wedded, wed
    Weep wept wept

    Exceptions

    Present Past Past Participle
    Cleave cleft cleft
    Have had had
    Hear heard heard
    Lay laid laid
    Leave left left
    Lose lost lost
    Make made made
    Measure measured measured
    Pay paid paid

    The Present, Past and Past Participle forms of the following weak Verbs are
    alike:

    Cast Cut Hit
    Hurt Let Put
    Set Shed Shut
    Spread

    The Present and Past Participle forms of certain verbs are alike.

    come came come
    run ran run

    Mark the difference between the following groups of Verbs :

    Present Past Past Participle
    1. Fall fell fallen
    Fell felled felled
    2. Find found found
    Found founded founded
    3. Lie lay lain
    Lie lied lied
    Lay laid laid

    Exercise 2

    Give the Past and Past Participle forms of the following Verbs :
    (a) Speak lie catch do have fall hang go
    draw grow write take sit sing know.
    (b) Meet wring weave spring beat hear seek teach
    lose smell tell weep shoot put win.

    Multiple Choice Questions

    Read the statements given below and choose the correct option
    I. Identify as directed :
    Question 1.
    The transitive verbs :
    (i) I read.
    (ii) The child sleeps
    (iii) I read a book.
    (iv) She weeps

    Question 2.
    The Intransitive verbs :
    (i) I read a book
    (ii) She sings a song
    (iii) She eats.
    (iv) She eats an apple

    Question 3.
    The Direct object:
    He told me a stoiy.
    (i) me
    (ii) story
    (iii) a
    (iv) both (i) and (ii)

    Question 4.
    The indirect object:
    He told me a story.
    (i) he
    (ii) a
    (iii) story
    (iv) me

    II. Fill in the blanks : The same
    Question 5.
    She sang ……….. (transitive).
    (i) herself
    (ii) very well
    (iii) a sweet song
    (iv) both (i) and (iii)

    Question 6.
    She sang (Intransitive).
    (i) very
    (ii) a sweet song
    (iii) well
    (iv) both (ii) and (iii)

    III. Choose the correct option :
    Question 7.
    Transitive use :
    (i) The farmer works hard.
    (ii) The farmer grows wheat.
    (iii) He has grown fat.
    (iv) I am feeling unwell

    Question 8.
    Intransitive use :
    (i) The storm has blown off the terrace.
    (ii) She laughed heartily.
    (iii) He laughed at me.
    (iv) He gave a book.

    Question 9.
    Singular verb :
    (i) They sing.
    (ii) She sings.
    (iiii) They wait.
    (iv) They waited.

    Question 10.
    Non-finite verb :
    (i) They fly kites.
    (ii) He wants to swim,
    (iii) I wish I were a king.
    (iv) Do your duty.
    Answers:
    1. (iii)
    2. (iii)
    3. (ii)
    4. (iv)
    5. (iii)
    6. (iii)
    7. (ii)
    8. (ii)
    9. (ii)
    10. (ii)

    We hope the CBSE Class 7 English Grammar Verb help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Class 7 English Grammar Verb, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

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