Class 10 Biology Worksheet Life Processes

The chapter “Life Processes“ is an essential part of Class 10 Biology, where you learn about the basic activities that keep all living organisms alive. Whether it’s a tiny single-celled organism like an amoeba or a large animal like a human, every living being needs to perform certain processes to survive. These processes are called life processes, and they include nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion.

Imagine if your body stopped eating, breathing, or removing waste. It would simply stop working! That’s why life processes are so important—they ensure that living organisms stay healthy, grow, and function properly. In this chapter, you will explore how plants make their own food using sunlight (photosynthesis), how humans breathe to release energy, how blood carries oxygen and nutrients throughout the body, and how waste materials are removed to keep the body clean and efficient.

This worksheet is designed to make learning about life processes simple and fun. It covers important topics with clear explanations, diagrams, and practice questions to help you understand concepts better. By solving the questions, you’ll not only prepare for your exams but also gain a deeper appreciation of how your body and nature work.

The worksheet is divided into sections like multiple-choice questions, short and long answers, and diagram-based questions to help you revise thoroughly. Each section focuses on strengthening your knowledge step by step. With easy-to-understand language and practical examples, this worksheet will guide you in mastering the topic of life processes.

Also Check: Class 10 Science Notes Chapter 6 Life Processes

What Are Life Processes?

Life processes are essential activities performed by living organisms to sustain life. They include:

1. Nutrition – Obtaining food and converting it into energy.
2. Respiration – Breaking down glucose to release energy.
3. Transportation – Circulating nutrients, gases, and wastes within the body.
4. Excretion – Removing waste materials from the body.

Without these processes, survival is impossible. Let’s understand each in detail.

Nutrition: Feeding the Body

Nutrition is the process by which organisms obtain and utilize food. There are two main types of nutrition:

• Autotrophic Nutrition: Organisms like plants prepare their food through photosynthesis using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.
  • Equation for Photosynthesis:
    6CO_2​ + 6H_2​O ​→ C_6​H_12​O₆​ + 6O₂​
• Heterotrophic Nutrition: Organisms like animals and humans depend on other organisms for food. It is divided into:
  • Holozoic Nutrition (e.g., humans)
  • Saprophytic Nutrition (e.g., fungi)
  • Parasitic Nutrition (e.g., tapeworms)

Practice Questions:

1. Define autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition with examples.
2. Write the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis.
3. Explain how nutrition differs in amoeba and humans.

Also Check: NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 – Life Processes

Respiration: Breathing for Energy

Respiration is the process of breaking down glucose into energy. It occurs in two main types:

1. Aerobic Respiration: Requires oxygen to break down glucose into carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
   • Equation:
     C_6​H₁₂​O₆ ​+ 6O₂ ​→ 6CO_2​ + 6H₂​O+Energy
2. Anaerobic Respiration: Does not require oxygen and produces less energy.
   • Example: Fermentation in yeast.

Key Organisms:

• Humans: Aerobic respiration occurs in cells using oxygen inhaled by lungs.
• Yeast: Perform anaerobic respiration, producing alcohol and carbon dioxide.

Practice Questions:

1. Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
2. Why do muscles ache after heavy exercise? Relate this to anaerobic respiration.
3. What are the by-products of respiration in plants?

Transportation: Moving the Essentials

Transportation ensures the movement of substances like food, water, oxygen, and wastes. It involves specialized systems:

• In Plants:
  • Xylem: Transports water and minerals from roots to leaves.
  • Phloem: Transports food from leaves to other parts.
• In Humans:
  • Circulatory System: Composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels.
    • Heart: Pumps oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
    • Blood Vessels: Arteries, veins, and capillaries help in circulation.
    • Blood: Contains red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), platelets, and plasma.

Practice Questions:

1. Name the tissues responsible for the transportation of water and food in plants.
2. Describe the structure and function of the human heart.
3. How are veins different from arteries?

Also Check: Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes

Excretion: Removing Wastes

Excretion is the removal of metabolic waste products.

• In Humans:
  • Organs involved include kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
  • Kidneys filter blood to form urine, which is excreted through the urethra.
• In Plants:
  • Wastes are eliminated through processes like transpiration, leaf fall, or by storing waste in vacuoles.

Key Processes:

• Filtration in kidneys
• Reabsorption of useful substances
• Formation of urine

Practice Questions:

1. What is the role of kidneys in excretion?
2. How do plants excrete their waste products?
3. Explain the structure of a nephron.

Extra Worksheet on Life Processes

Below are some practice questions to test your understanding of life processes:

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of autotrophic nutrition?
   • a) Utilizes sunlight
   • b) Requires chlorophyll
   • c) Depends on other organisms for food
   • d) Produces oxygen as a by-product
2. The functional unit of the kidney is called:
   • a) Neuron
   • b) Alveolus
   • c) Nephron
   • d) Platelet
3. In plants, the process of transporting food from leaves to other parts is called:
   • a) Transpiration
   • b) Photosynthesis
   • c) Translocation
   • d) Respiration
4. What is the main purpose of respiration in organisms?
   • a) To produce carbon dioxide
   • b) To release energy from food
   • c) To remove waste materials
   • d) To transport oxygen
5. Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart?
   • a) Pulmonary vein
   • b) Pulmonary artery
   • c) Vena cava
   • d) Aorta

Also Check: Life Processes Class 10 Important Questions with Answers Science Chapter 6

Section B: Fill in the Blanks

1. _______ is the green pigment in plants that absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis.
2. The site of gas exchange in the human respiratory system is the _______.
3. The energy currency of the cell is _______.
4. The rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the heart are known as _______.
5. In humans, the process of _______ removes nitrogenous wastes like urea.

Section C: True/False

1. Translocation in plants occurs through xylem tissue. (True/False)
2. Anaerobic respiration in yeast produces alcohol and carbon dioxide. (True/False)
3. Arteries have thick walls and carry blood away from the heart. (True/False)
4. Photosynthesis occurs in the roots of a plant. (True/False)
5. The liver plays an important role in the excretion of nitrogenous waste. (True/False)

Section D: Match the Following

Section E: Short Answer Questions

1. Differentiate between arteries and veins with respect to their structure and function.
2. Explain why photosynthesis is important for sustaining life on Earth.
3. What is the role of villi in the small intestine?
4. Describe the importance of the nephron in the excretion process.
5. How does the process of transpiration benefit plants?

Section F: Diagram-Based Questions

1. Draw and label a well-labeled diagram of the human respiratory system.
   • Highlight the trachea, bronchi, lungs, and alveoli.
2. Illustrate the structure of a nephron and explain its role in urine formation.
3. Show the transportation of water in plants through xylem with the help of a flowchart.
4. Draw a sectional view of the human heart and label the following:
   • Right atrium
   • Left ventricle
   • Pulmonary artery
   • Aorta

Section G: Application-Based Questions

1. A person is experiencing muscle fatigue after heavy exercise. Explain the biological reason behind this condition.
2. Farmers often cover the soil around plants to reduce water loss. Which plant process does this relate to, and how does it help?
3. A patient is diagnosed with kidney failure. How would dialysis help in performing the function of kidneys?
4. Why are guard cells important for the process of photosynthesis?
5. If the pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood, why is it called a vein?

Section H: Long Answer Questions

1. Explain the steps involved in aerobic respiration and compare it with anaerobic respiration.
2. Describe the double circulation of blood in humans with the help of a diagram.
3. Discuss the significance of the stomata in plants and how they regulate water loss and gas exchange.
4. What are the main differences between the transportation of substances in plants and humans?
5. Elaborate on the process of photosynthesis, including light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

Section I: Case-Based Questions

Case 1: A plant is kept in a dark room for 48 hours. After this, a part of its leaf is covered with black paper and exposed to sunlight for a few hours.

• (a) What process is being tested here?
• (b) Why was the plant kept in the dark before the experiment?
• (c) How can you test for the presence of starch in the leaf?

Case 2: A patient has difficulty breathing after climbing a flight of stairs.

• (a) Which life process might be affected, and why?
• (b) Suggest some methods to improve the efficiency of this process.
• (c) What is the role of hemoglobin in this process?

Also Check: 50 MCQ Life Processes Class 10 with Answers

Section J: Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Questions

1. Why do desert plants open their stomata at night instead of during the day?
2. If all xylem tissue in a plant is damaged, what will happen to the plant? Explain.
3. Why is the left ventricle of the heart thicker than the right ventricle?
4. In a waterlogged field, plants die due to lack of oxygen. Explain the biological reason behind this.
5. Why do red blood cells have no nucleus, and how does this help them perform their function effectively?

Tips for Scoring High in Biology

1. Understand Concepts: Don’t memorize blindly. Focus on understanding processes.
2. Draw Diagrams: Label diagrams clearly; these fetch extra marks.
3. Revise Regularly: Review key terms and their definitions.
4. Practice Questions: Solve NCERT exercises and additional questions.
5. Relate to Real Life: Connect concepts like respiration and excretion to daily life for better retention.