The threat of extinction is least for which of the following groups?
All of the following are reasons for greater biodiversity in the tropics, except
Mark the correct statement about the loss of biodiversity.
In general, species diversity decreases as we move away from the equator towards the poles. Which of the following terms do you use to describe this phenomenon?
Which of the following is an example for the most important cause that is driving the flora and the fauna to extinction?
“Loss of rivets on the wings” signifies in ecosystem according to “rivet popper” hypothesis.
Amongst the animal groups given below, which one has the highest percentage of endangered species?
How many species of animals have been recorded from India?
Which one of the following is related to ex situ conservation of threatened animal and plants?
Which of the following is not a method of in-situ conservation of biodiversity?
According to Robert May, the global species diversity is about :
Which of the following regions of the globe exhibits highest species diversity?
The total number fungal species in the world is more than the combined total of the species of
Select the correct order of species diversity.
Select the correct order w.r.t the number of species
Related to logarithmic formula for species – area relationship, regression coefficient/slope of line is represented by
As per IUCN Red list (2004), how many vertebrate species became extinct in the last 500 years?
Select the taxon which is more vulnerable to extinction than the other three.
How many species, worldwide, are facing the threat of extinction?
Match the following. Column-I Column-II a Western Ghats i Meghalaya b Aravalli ii Karnataka and Maharashtra c Khasi and Jaintia Hills iii Assam d Khaziranga national park iv Rajasthan
Indigenous species of India among the following is
Match the following and choose the correct option. Column I Column II (a) Sri Lanka (i) Sacred grove (b) Rio de Janeiro (ii) World Summit (c) Sarguja (iii) Hotspot (d) Johannesburg (iv) Earth summit
A species that does not exist in the wild or captivity is referred to as
Ecosystem services like pollination are examples of
All are in situ conservation efforts, except
The present mass extinction is
The alien species (Nile perch) introduced into Lake Victoria in
The main cause of extinction of species from tropical area is
In India, maximum genetic biodiversity is exhibited by
Match the recently extinct animals with their region of habitat. Column-I Column-II A Thylacine (i) Russia B Dodo (ii) Africa C Stellar’s sea cow (iii) Mauritius D Quagga (iv) Australia A B C D 1. iii iv i ii 2. iv iii ii i 3. iv i iii ii 4. iv iii i ii
Which option correctly describes the equations for curves A and B, in the given graph of species-area relationship? A B 1 S = CA Z Log S = Log C + Z log A 2 Log S = Log C + Z log A S = CA Z 3 Log C = Log S + Z log A S = CA Z 4 S = CA Z Log C = Log S + Z log A
In-situ conservation is carried out through a. national parks b. wildlife sanctuaries c. biosphere reserves
Species diversity increases as one proceeds from
The is an example of an ex-situ conservation technique.
Which of the following is a well-known sacred grove of India?
Fill in the blanks: A. India has a greater (a) diversity than a Scandinavian country like Norway. B. The western Ghats have a greater (b) diversity than the eastern Ghats. C. It has taken millions of years of evolution to accumulate the rich diversity in nature, but we could lose all the wealth in less than (c) . if the present rates of species losses continue. D. For many taxonomic groups, species inventories are more complete in (d) than in (e) countries. a b c d e 1. ecological amphibian species two centuries temperate tropical 2. amphibian species ecological three decades temperate tropical 3. ecosystem amphibian species 100 years tropical temperate 4. amphibian species ecosystem two centuries tropical temperate
is defined as an ecological state of a species being unique to a specific geographic location.
Choose the odd one w.r.t. ex-situ conservation strategies.
In a particular region, the same fruit is available in multiple varieties, colours, with different tastes and textures. The primary reason for this could be
The greatest biodiversity on earth is found in
Tropical rain forests once covered more than (a) percent of the earth surface, now covers not more than (b) percent. a b 1. 30 19.8 2. 8.1 2.4 3. 14 6 4. 19.8 8.1
The largest tiger reserve in India is
Which of the following National Parks is home to the famous musk deer or hangul?
Alexander von Humboldt described for the first time
All of the following are included in ‘ex-situ conservation’ except
The Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 was called
Which of the following is not a feature of a stable ecosystem?
The extinction of certain species of cichlid fish due to the introduction of the Nile perch into Lake Victoria can be categorised as
The Amazon rain forest is being cut and cleared for cultivating soya beans. Under which category of biodiversity loss can this be categorized?
Exploring molecular, genetic and species level diversity for products of economic importance is termed
Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the most appropriate option Column I Column II (a) Dachigam National Park (i) Rhinoceros (b) Gir National Park (ii) Hangul (c) Jim Corbett National Park (iii) Lion (d) Kaziranga National Park (iv) Tiger
Threatened species are protected in their natural habitat in
In India, amphibian diversity is maximum in
Robert May places the global species diversity at about
Select the incorrect statement from the following
In the equation log S = log C + Z log A representing species-area relationship, Z represents
Regardless of the taxonomic group or the region the value of Z of species-area relationship lies in the range of
The Z value of species-area relationship for fruit-eating birds and mammals in tropical forests of different continents lies in between
How many species became extinct in the last 500 years as per the IUCN Red List ?
All of the following are examples for narrow utilitarian arguments, except
Select the correct statement from the following
Which of the following is not a reason for the greater biological diversity in tropics?
Which of the following promotes niche specialization and leads to a greater species diversity?
Select the correct set regarding the given diagram
India contributes to the global diversity
The logarithmic equation for species-area relationship is
Statement (A): The value of Z lies in the range of 0.1 to 0.2, regardless of the taxonomic group or the region. Statement (B): ‘Z’ values for entire continents are in the range of 0.6 to 1.2.
Which of the following are facing more threat of extinction?
The essence of ‘Rivet Popper hypothesis’ is
Which of the following statements regarding biodiversity hot spots is incorrect?
Evil Quartet includes all of the following, except
In-situ conservation categories include all of the following, except a) Biosphere reserves b) Biodiversity hotspots c) Tissue culture d) Biosphere reserves
‘Broadly utilitarian’ argument for the conservation of biodiversity does not include
‘Nature’s biological library is burning even before we catalogued the titles of all the books stocked there’. What does this statement mean?
Lion Tailed Macaque is unique to Western Ghats of India. Such species are referred to as
Alexander von Humboldt observed that within a region with increasing explored area, species richness
Which of the following is the highest level of biological diversity?
Biodiversity hotspots are characterised by
We need to conserve biodiversity because more than 25 per cent of the drugs currently sold in the market worldwide are derived from plants. This is an example of
Endemic amphibian species diversity is high in which part of India?
Which one is the most important human activity leading to extinction of wildlife?
Animals and plants are best protected in
Animal species should be preserved mainly because
Which one of the following pairs of organisms are exotic species introduced in India?
Species diversity increase as one proceeds from
Why do migratory species present special preservation challenges?
Which animal has become extinct from India?
Sacred groves are especially useful in
Biosphere reserves differ from national parks and wildlife sanctuaries because in the former
In The IUCN red book which category has maximum extinction of species in the last 500 years?
‘The Evil Quartet ’ is the sobriquet used to describe the
In the logarithmic equation log S = log C + Z log A describing species-area relationship, Z represents
Which of the following is a major cause of loss of biodiversity?
Which of the following can be categorised as in situ conservation? a. National Park b. Zoological Park c. Seed bank d. Botanical garden e. Biodiversity Hotspot f. Wildlife Sanctuary
Which of the following is the vertebrate taxon with the highest species diversity?
Mark the correct example for broadly utilitarian arguments for conserving biodiversity.
Which of the following is a medicinal plant?
Which of the following is famous for Royal Bengal Tiger?
Rivet popper hypothesis explains that
Maximum biodiversity is seen in the latitudinal range of
Which of the following is not the correct analogy according to ‘Rivet popper hypothesis’?
Which of the following comprise the highest number of species?
Which of the following have posed a threat to the survival of cichlid fishes?
Which of the following is an example of in situ conservation?
“Evil Quartet” is related to
Robert May places the global species diversity at about
Which of the following statements about biodiversity is incorrect ?
How many species of animals have been recorded from India?
The Amazon rainforest is being cut and cleared for cultivating or for conversion to for raising beef cattle.
Sacred groves are specially useful in
The pattern of biodiversity is affected by which of the following A. Latitudinal gradient B. Altitudinal gradient C. Species-area relationship
Amongst the animal groups given below, which one has the highest percentage of endangered species?
The hyperbolic equation for the species-area relationship is
For frugivorous birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different continents, the slope of line is found to be
What kind of impact does loss of biodiversity have on the ecosystem? a. Decline in plant production b. Lowered resistance to environmental perturbations c. Increased variability in ecosystem processes like plant productivity, water use, and pest and disease cycles
“The Evil Quartet” is a sobriquet used to describe
What is the effect on biodiversity as we move from equator to polar region?
Select one of the most important functions of botanical gardens.
Match column-I with column-II and select the correct option from the codes given below. Column-I Column-II (a) River Popper hypothesis (i) Alexander von Humboldt (b) Long-term ecosystem experiments (ii) David Tilman using outdoor plots (c) Species-area relationships (iii) Paul Ehrlich a b c 1. iii i ii 2. iii ii i 3. i iii ii 4. ii iii i
The tropics have more diversity of vascular plants as compared to the temperate regions because of
Which of the following is not considered a sacred grove?
Match the column I (Ecologist) with column II (Concept) and choose the correct option. Column-I (Ecologist) Column-II (Concept) (a) R. May i. Effect of species richness on productivity (b) A.V. Humboldt ii. Effect of area exploration on species (c) D. Tilman iii. Global species estimation (d) P. Ehrlich iv. Effect of the decline of species a b c d 1. i ii iii iv 2. ii i iv iii 3. i ii iv iii 4. iii ii i iv
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a stable community?
Which of the following aspects of ‘evil quartet’ involves the combined loss of a co-evolved plant-pollinator mutualism?
Recognise the figure and find out the correct matching. a b c d 1. fishes amphibians mammals birds 2. mammals reptiles birds amphibians 3. mammals birds reptiles amphibians 4. amphibians fishes mammals reptiles
Robert May estimated the total number of species of the world at
In the equation of the species-area relationship, the letter ‘C’ and ‘Z’ represent
Which of the following is not a cause for loss of biodiversity?
Statement I : Biodiversity loss is now one of the world’s most pressing crisis. Statement II : Lower diversity in a species leads to non-uniformity. Choose the correct option from below.
Botanical gardens and zoological parks are a collection of
Which one of the following is not used for ex situ plant conservation?
Which of the following represent maximum number of species among global biodiversity?
In which of the following, both pairs have correct combination?
Cryopreservation of gametes of threatened species in viable and fertile condition can be referred to as
Which of the following has maximum genetic diversity in India?
An example of ex situ conservation is
Match the following and select the correct option. (A) Earthworm (i) Pioneer species (B) Succession (ii) Detritivore (C) Ecosystem service (iii) Natality (D) Population growth (iv) Pollination
A species facing extremely high risk of extinction in the immediate future is called
The organization which publishes the Red list of species is
The species confined to a particular region and not found elsewhere is termed as
Which organization publishes the ‘Red Data Book’ ?
If we accept May’s global estimates, only per cent of the total species have been recorded so far.
Which of the following regions of the globe exhibits highest species diversity?
Which is the National Aquatic Animal of lndia?
Given here is a pie chart representation of the extent of global diversity of invertebrates. What groups the four portions (A-D)represent respectively?
How many hotspots of biodiversity in the world have been identified till date by Norman Myers?
Red list contains data or information on
Which of the following is the most important cause of animals and plants being driven to extinction?
The region of biosphere reserve which is legally protected and where no human activity is allowed is known as
Some exotic species become invasive because
According to David Tilman,
Which one of the following is not a method of in situ conservation of biodiversity ?
The term biodiversity was popularised by
Which of the following is the most important cause of animals and plants being driven to extinction?
‘Rivet popper hypothesis’ was proposed by
Who proposed ‘Rivet Popper Hypothesis’ related to biodiversity and ecosystems?
Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to extinction than the other three?
Which one of the following is a method of in situ conservation of biodiversity?
In the following in each set a conservation approach and an example of method of conservation are given (a) In situ conservation – Biosphere Reserve (b) Ex situ conservation – Sacred groves (c) In situ conservation – Seed bank (d) Ex situ conservation – Cryopreservation Select the option with correct match of approach and method:
According to Alexander von Humboldt
A stable community is characterized by all of the following, except
Which of the following is not an example of ex situ conservation?
On a logarithmic scale, a graph of species richness versus area is
Decline in the population of indian native fishes due to introduction of Clarias gariepinus in river Yamuna can be categoriesd as
Select the correct combination.
According to IUCN Red List, what is the current status of Bali tiger ( Panthera tigris balica )?
Western Ghats have a large number of plant and animal species that are not found anywhere else. Which of the following terms will you use to notify such species?
Exploration of molecular, genetic and species level diversity for novel products of economic importance is known as:
Which is the most species-rich taxon among the following?
Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option. Column I Column II (a) Dodo (i) Russia (b) Thylacine (ii) Africa (c) Steller’s sea cow (iii) Australia (d) Quagga (iv) Mauritius
Which scientist proposed ‘Rivet popper hypothesis’ related to biodiversity and Ecosystems ?
Through his long-term ecosystem experiments using outdoor plots, David Tilman showed that
An aquatic plant introduced to India because of its beautiful flowers and shapes of leaves, but turned out to be an invasive weed posing threat to our native species is
Ex situ conservation of biodiversity includes
The diversity in the potency and concentration of reserpine produced by Rauwolfia vomitoria growing in different Himalayan range is an example of
Select the correct statement from the following
High species richness at tropics is due to the all of the following reasons, except
Who proposed that within a region species richness increased with increasing explored area, but only up to a limit?
The species-area relationships among very large areas like the entire continents, the slope of the line to be
Let’s assume that there are two plots, A and B. Plot A has more species and Plot B has less species. With the knowledge of David Tilman’s long-term ecosystem experiments, find out the correct answer.
Which of the following explains the importance of species in an ecosystem?
As per IUCN Red list (2004), how many invertebrate species became extinct in the last 500 years?
At present, which of the following groups have lowest percent of species facing the threat of extinction in the world?
The Holocene extinction, currently in progress, is the
Illegal introduction of the is posing a threat to the indigenous catfishes in the rivers of India
Which of the following is not a broadly utilitarian argument for conserving biodiversity?
The forest areas protected by religious communities and associated with religious believes are
Rachel Carson’s famous book ‘Silent Spring’ is related to
Diversity within a particular community is
The diversity between two ecosystems is called
is a measure of the overall diversity for the different ecosystems, within a region.
The number of bird species in New York (41° N) and Greenland (71° N) are, respectively
Select the incorrect statement from the following
If the given diagram shows the global biodiversity of plants, then which option correctly represents X and Y?
Select the correct set about the depicted diagram.
Select the correct statement regarding the number of plant species and animal species recorded in India.
If we accept May’s global estimates and apply them to the species diversity in India, how many species are awaiting their discovery by scientists?
Exotic species introduced into India are
Which of the following is included under Ex-situ conservation?
Which of the following cannot be included under ex-situ conservation?
Which of the following is correctly matched?
A threatened species is protected outside of its natural habitat. It can be found in
All of the following are criterion to declare a region ‘hot spot’ except for
A stable community is one which
Loss of biodiversity in a region can lead to which of the following? (a) decline in plant production. (b) lowered resistance to environmental perturbations (c) increased variability in certain ecosystem processes
The biodiversity increases as one
Keeping threatened species in enclosures
Deserts, rain forests, mangroves, coral reefs, wetlands, estuaries, and alpine meadows are examples for
More than 2,000 species of native birds are extinct in tropical Pacific Islands. Reasons behind are
The equation “log S = log C + Z log A” describes
Pick the words/ phrases not applicable to Khasi and Jaintia Hills. (a) Sacred grove (b) Madhya Pradesh (c) Ex situ conservation (d) Last refuges for a large number of rare and threatened plants. (e) Trees and wildlife within are venerated
Mark the wrong statement about Rauwolfia vomitoria.
Among plots ‘A’ and ‘B’, plot ‘A’ has higher biodiversity compared to ‘B’. So which of the following statements is correct with regard to ‘A’ and ‘B’ plots?
According to Paul Ehrlich hypothesis, ‘a popped rivet’ is an analogy for
Species-Area relationship was first established by
In the context of species-area relationship, Z value is most likely to be highest for the bird species in
‘Sixth Extinction’ is different from other episodes of extinctions in that
Latitudinal gradient is observed
David Tilman’s long-term ecosystem experiments using outdoor plots demonstrated that
In general, loss of biodiversity in a region may lead to : (a) a decline in plant production (b) lowered resistance to environmental perturbations (c) increased variability in certain ecosystem processes
Alexander Von Humboldt is known for his work on
Species inventories are more complete for temperate regions because
Match the following and choose the correct option. Pollutant Method of disposal (a) Nuclear waste (i) Recycling (b) Hospital waste (ii) Open burning dumps (c) Electronic waste (iii) Shielded containers (d) Solid waste (iv) Incinerator
In Amazon rain forest, highest species diversity is exhibited by which of the following groups?
Mark the wrong combination.
Steller’s sea cow became extinct mainly due to
All forms of life should be conserved because
The greatest threat to global biodiversity is
Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma and Himalaya are the examples of
The most species-rich taxonomic group among plants is
Sacred groves are found in Khasi and Jaintia Hills of
The most species-rich taxonomic group among animals is
Match the following and choose the correct option. Column I Column II (a) Noise pollution (i) El Nino (b) Global warming (ii) Snow blindness (c) Water pollution (iii) Sleeplessness (d) Ozone hole (iv) Dysentery
Match the following and choose the correct option. Column I Column II (a) Noise pollution (i) El Nino (b) Global warming (ii) Snow blindness (c) Water pollution (iii) Sleeplessness (d) Ozone hole (iv) Dysentery
The biodiversity of which of the following regions is protected for their sanctity?
A species confined to a particular region is termed
The estimated per cent of the total oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere produced by the plants of Amazon forest is
When a species ‘X’ is introduced to a particular habitat, the native species started becoming extinct. Which of the following statements is not true about the given scenario?
Extinction of wild animals is mainly due to
Ex situ conservation includes
A tribal community protects the forest and in return obtain all their daily needs like food, clothing, medicine, etc., from the forest. Biodiversity conserved in this case comes under
In the Indian context, Clarias gariepinus is considered
Select the correct statement from the following.
Which of the following is not an attribute of a stable community?
Overexploitation has resulted in the extinction of
Mark the incorrect statement about sacred groves.
Bioprospecting is
Match list-I with list-II and select correct answer. Species Cause of Extinction a. Migratory birds i. Overexploitation b. Steller’s sea cow ii. Habitat loss c. Cichlid fish species in Victoria lake iii. Coextinction d. Lice parasitic on passenger pigeon iv. Alien species invasion (a) (b) (c) (d) 1 ii i iii iv 2 ii iv i iii 3 ii i iv iii 4 ii iii i iv
Mark the incorrect statement about Dodo.
Of every 10 animals on the planet earth, 7 are
Importance of biodiversity is explained in
Among the given species, the Z value is highest for
Which of the following is not related to ex situ conservation?
Who performed experiments using outdoor plots to explain the importance of biodiversity?
How many animal species are recorded from India?
Extinction of more than 200 species of cichlid fish in lake of East Africa occurred because of introduction of
Which of the following is not a reason for the loss of biodiversity?
Tiger is not a resident in which one of the following national park?
Based on the different reasons for conserving biodiversity, choose the incorrect one from the following.
Which of the following statements is correct?
The most important human activity leading to the extinction of wildlife is
Find the correct match with respect to loss of biodiversity.
With respect to the Amazonian rainforests, a few estimations of various organisms are listed below : (a) 40,000 species of plants (b) 300 species of fishes (c) 1,300 species of reptiles (d) 427 species of mammals (e) 527 species of amphibians Which of these estimations are incorrect ?
Biodiversity of a geographical region represents
How much amount of the total oxygen is contributed by the Amazon forest in the earth’s atmosphere?
In India, we find mangoes with different flavours, colours, fibre content and even shelf-life. The large variation is on account of
has been found to have sub-species namely, Bali, Javan and Caspian.
Forest in a tropical region of Equator has ten times more vascular plants than a forest in temperate region of Midwest of the USA, although both are equal in terms of area. This is an example of
Which one of the following is related to ex situ conservation of threatened animals and plants?
What is the number of extinct animals documented by the IUCN Red List (as per 2004) in the last 500 years?
Which of the following is not an invasive alien plant species in India?
190 countries pledged to achieve a significant reduction in the current rate of biodiversity loss at global levels by 2010 in on sustainable development held in 2002 in Johannesburg, South Africa.
Which of these is not an example of alien species invasion?
How many biodiversity hot spots in the world have been identified to date by Norman Myers?
The extinction of passenger pigeon was due to
Reason of diversity in living beings is due to
The extinct subspecies of zebra, Quagga, was originally found in
Endemic species are
Hot spots are regions of high
Number of hotspots in India are
A historic convention on biological diversity held on Rio de Janerio in 1992 is known as
A single species might show high diversity over its distributional range at the
In our biosphere, the diversity of heterogeneity exists at
Tropical rain forests once covered more than a per cent of the Earth surface, now covers not more than b per cent.
What is so special about tropics that might account for their greater biological diversity? a) Unlike temperate regions subjected to frequent glaciations in the past, tropical latitudes have remained relatively undisturbed for millions of years and thus, had a long evolutionary time for species diversification. b) Temperate environments, unlike tropical ones, are less seasonal, relatively more constant and predictable. Such constant environments promote niche specialisation and lead to greater species diversity. c) There is more solar energy available in the tropics, which contributes to higher productivity; this in turn might contribute indirectly to greater diversity.
More conservative and scientifically sound estimate made by Robert May places the global species diversity at about
In our biosphere diversity exists at the level of a. species only b. macromolecular level c. cellular level
India covers the world land area of and contributes the global diversity of .
The historic convention on biological diversity held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 is known as
Which of the following is not an invasive alien species in the Indian context?
From the given list of ecosystem services, the narrowly utilitarian arguments for conserving include A. industrial products like dyes, lubricants. B. ecosystem services like photosynthesis. C. pollinators layer of birds and bats. D. firewood fibre and construction material. E. the aesthetic pleasure of walking through thick. F. products of medicinal importance.
Which of the following is not a fundamental reason for greater biodiversity in tropics as compared to that of temperate regions?
Deserts, rain forests, mangroves coral reefs, wetlands, estuaries and alpine meadows are an example of
Read the following statements and find out the incorrect statement.
Which concept is not considered in determining a hotspot?
In global biodiversity of plants, the
In “rivet-popper hypothesis”, the wing rivets are compared with
Dodo, passenger pigeon and Steller’s sea cow have become extinct in the last 500 years due to
According to the concept of species-area relationship
The World Summit is related to
Which of the following statement is correct regarding biodiversity?
Diversity shown by a single species at the genetic level over its distribution range is known as
The term “biodiversity” was popularised by
Nature’s biological library is burning even before we cataloged the titles of all the books stocked there. This statement is related to
Sacred groves are specially useful in
Observe the pie chart given below showing biodiversity and identify ‘a’ and ‘b’. a b 1. Bryophytes Gymnosperms 2. Fungi Gymnosperms 3. Pteridophytes Angiosperms 4. Fungi Angiosperms
