Table of Contents
Metabolites
Metabolites are small molecules that are involved in the chemical reactions that occur in cells. They are necessary for the cell to produce energy, to build proteins, and to carry out other important processes.
Primary and Secondary Metabolites
Primary metabolites are the essential molecules that the cell uses to carry out its life processes. These include the proteins, DNA, and RNA that make up the cell’s structure, as well as the metabolites that are used to produce energy, synthesize other molecules, and carry out other essential cellular tasks.
Secondary metabolites are not essential for the cell’s survival, but they may have important functions in the organism. Many secondary metabolites are pharmacologically active, meaning they can be used to treat diseases or other medical conditions.
Various Functions of Secondary Metabolites include:
There are many different functions that secondary metabolites can have in an organism. Some of these include:
Defense: Secondary metabolites can protect an organism from predators or pathogens. For example, some secondary metabolites are toxic, and can kill or inhibit the growth of other organisms.
Adaptation: Secondary metabolites can help an organism adapt to its environment. For example, some secondary metabolites can help an organism resist pests or diseases, or survive in a harsh environment.
Communication: Secondary metabolites can be used for communication between organisms. For example, some secondary metabolites can attract insects that spread pollen, or deter predators.
Nutrition: Secondary metabolites can be used as nutrients by the organism that produces them. For example, some secondary metabolites are vitamins or antioxidants.
Biomacromolecules
Biomacromoleculesare large molecules composed of chains of atoms that are connected by chemical bonds. The four types of biomacromolecules are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Each type of biomacromolecule has a specific function in the body. Carbohydrates are used for energy, proteins are used for structure and function, lipids are used for energy and insulation, and nucleic acids are used for genetic information.
