Definition of ELISA

ELISA stands for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. It is a biochemical technique used to detect a specific antigen in a sample. The antigen is first immobilized on a solid surface. A serum sample is then added to the antigen. If the antigen is present in the serum, it will bind to the immobilized antigen. An enzyme-linked antibody is then added to the mixture. If the antigen is present in the serum, it will bind to the enzyme-linked antibody. The presence of the enzyme-linked antibody can be detected by various means, such as a change in color or light production. Definition of ELISA.

Materials for ELISA

The materials for ELISA include the ELISA plate, the sample, the antibody, the enzyme-linked marker, and the substrate. The ELISA plate is a flat, round dish coated with the antibody. The sample is added to the plate, and the antibody binds to the target molecule in the sample. The enzyme-linked marker is then added, and it binds to the antibody. The substrate is then added, and it binds to the enzyme-linked marker. When the substrate is added, it is converted to a colored product that can be easily measured.

 

Antigen-antibody Binding

When an antigen is introduced into the body, it will bind to antibodies present on the surface of B-cells. This interaction between antigen and antibody is very specific, and the antigen will only bind to a particular antibody specifically designed to interact with it. This interaction between antigen and antibody is known as an antigen-antibody binding pair.

Principle of Conservation of Momentum

The principle of conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of a system is constant. This means that the total momentum before an event equals the total momentum after the event. Momentum is a measure of the motion of an object. It is the product of mass and velocity.

Types of ELISA Assay

ELISA assay is a biochemical technique used to detect and quantify the presence of a target molecule in a sample. The assay involves the immobilization of the target molecule onto a solid surface, such as a microtiter plate, and the subsequent addition of a labeled detection molecule. After incubation, the amount of detection molecule bound to the target molecule is quantified by measuring the signal generated by the labeled molecule. A spectrophotometric or fluorometric assay typically generates the signal.