BiologyTropism – Explanation, Types, Examples and FAQs

Tropism – Explanation, Types, Examples and FAQs

What is Tropism?

Tropism is a response of a plant or an animal cell to a stimulus, such as light, heat, or gravity. The stimulus causes the cell to change its direction or growth. Tropism – Explanation Types.

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    Tropism - Explanation Types

    Tropism in Viruses

    It is the directional movement of a particle or organism in response to a stimulus. In viruses, tropism is the tendency of a virus to infect a particular type of cell. For example, some viruses are more likely to infect liver cells, while others are more likely to infect cells in the respiratory tract.

    Different Types of Tropism

    There are three main types of tropism: phototropism, gravitropism, and thigmotropism.

    Phototropism is the plant’s response to light. The plant will grow in the direction of the light.

    Gravitropism is the plant’s response to gravity. The plant will grow in the direction of the Earth’s gravity.

    Thigmotropism is the plant’s response to touch. The plant will grow in the direction of the touch.

    Phototropism

    When a plant is growing in the dark, its stem and leaves grow in all directions. When a plant is placed in the light, its stem and leaves grow towards the light. This is called phototropism. The plant’s cells contain a hormone called auxin. Auxin is produced in the leaves and is transported down the stem to the roots. The auxin in the leaves causes the cells on the shady side of the plant to grow longer than the cells on the sunny side. The longer cells on the shady side stretch the plant towards the light.

    Gravitropism

    Gravitropism is the directional growth of a plant in response to gravity. The plant’s roots grow down because of gravity and the plant’s shoots grow up because of gravity. This is because the plant’s cells have a different response to the direction of gravity. The cells on the bottom of the plant have a higher concentration of sucrose and the cells on the top of the plant have a lower concentration of sucrose.

    Chemotropism

    Chemotropism is the movement of a plant or other organism in response to a chemical stimulus. For example, a plant might grow toward a light source or away from a harmful chemical.

    Thigmotropism

    Thigmotropism is a type of tropism that is exhibited by plants and some animals. It is the response of an organism to physical contact with an external object. In plants, thigmotropism is the result of differential growth on opposite sides of the contact area. This can cause the plant to curl around the object or bend in the direction of the contact. In animals, thigmotropism is often associated with the seeking out of a protective surface or shelter.

    Hydrotropism

    A plant’s response to a water stimulus.

    Thermotropism

    A plant’s movement in response to a change in temperature.

    Magnetotropism

    A plant’s response to the Earth’s magnetic field.

    Types of Tropism in Virus

    There are six types of tropism in viruses:

    -Attachment: viruses attach to specific cells within the body
    -Uncoating: viruses release their genetic material into the cells
    -Replication: viruses use the cells’ machinery to create more viruses
    -Assembly: viruses put the new viruses together

    Tropism – Explanation Types.

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