Table of Contents
Introduction to Electronegativity
Electronegativity is a measure of how strongly an atom or molecule attracts electrons to itself. The higher the electronegativity of an atom, the more it will pull electrons away from other atoms. This makes it a good electron donor. The lower the electronegativity of an atom, the more it will give up electrons. This makes it a good electron acceptor.
What is Electronegativity?
The electronegativity of an atom is a measure of how strongly it attracts electrons to itself. The higher the electronegativity of an atom, the more it will pull electrons away from other atoms.
Factors Affecting Electronegativity of an Atom (Element)
The electronegativity of an atom (element) is a measure of how strongly it attracts electrons to itself. The higher the electronegativity of an atom, the more it will pull electrons away from other atoms.
The electronegativity of an atom is affected by several factors, including:
-The number of protons in the nucleus. The more protons an atom has, the greater its electronegativity.
-The distance of the atom from the nucleus. The closer an atom is to the nucleus, the greater its electronegativity.
-The number of electrons in the atom. The more electrons an atom has, the greater its electronegativity.
Determination of Electronegativity of an Element
The electronegativity of an element is a measure of how strongly it attracts electrons to itself. The higher the electronegativity of an element, the more it will pull electrons away from other atoms.
The electronegativity of an element can be determined experimentally by measuring the energy required to remove an electron from a sample of the element. The higher the energy required to remove an electron, the higher the electronegativity of the element.
Electronegativity Chart and Electronegativity Trend in Periodic Table
The electronegativity trend in the periodic table is from bottom to top. The most electronegative element is fluorine, with a value of 4.0. The least electronegative element is francium, with a value of 0.7.
Electronegativity trends in transition metals
The electronegativity of an atom is a measure of how strongly it attracts electrons to itself. The higher the electronegativity of an atom, the more it will pull electrons away from other atoms. The trend in electronegativity values for the transition metals can be seen in the following table.
The electronegativity of the transition metals increases as you go down the table. This trend is due to the increasing number of d-orbitals in the shells of these atoms. The d-orbitals can hold more electrons, so they can pull more electrons away from other atoms.
