Karl Fischer Titration – Principle, Procedure, Applications, Preparation, Advantages and Disadvantages

What Is Karl Fischer Titration?

Karl Fischer Titration – Principle: Karl Fischer titration is a wet chemical technique that is used to determine the amount of water in a sample. The water content is determined by titrating the sample with a Karl Fischer reagent. The Karl Fischer reagent reacts with water to form a soluble compound. The amount of soluble compound is then determined by spectrophotometry.

Principle of Karl Fischer Titration

Karl Fischer titration a volumetric analytical technique used to determine the amount of water in a sample. The titration performed by adding a known volume of a standard solution of potassium iodide (KI) to the sample. Therefore the iodine generated by the reaction between KI and water titrated with a standard solution of sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3). The concentration of the standard solution known, and the volume of titrant required to reach the endpoint of the reaction can also used to calculate the amount of water in the sample.

Karl Fischer Titration Equipment

Karl Fischer titration equipment used to determine the amount of water in a sample. The equipment consists of a titration vessel, a burette, a Karl Fischer titration reagent, and a sample of the material tested. The titration vessel filled with the sample to tested and the burette filled with the Karl Fischer titration reagent. The burette then attached to the titration vessel and the Karl Fischer titration reagent is allowed to flow into the sample. The amount of water in the sample then determined by measuring the amount of Karl Fischer titration reagent that required to fully titrate the sample.

Ingredients of KF Reagent

The KF reagent used to measure the potassium levels in a sample. It contains potassium fluoride and potassium chloride. Therefore the potassium fluoride reacts with the potassium in the sample to produce potassium fluoride crystals. The potassium chloride used to dissolve the crystals and also produce a solution that can measured.

Karl Fischer Titration Procedure

To perform a Karl Fischer titration, first dissolve the solute in a solvent. Next, add a known volume of the titrant to the solution. Finally, titrate the solution until the indicator changes color.

Applications of Karl Fischer Titration

Karl Fischer titration used to measure the water content in a substance. This technique is used in a variety of industries, including pharmaceuticals, food production, and also the environmental analysis.

Preparation of the KF Reagent

A 0.5 M potassium fluoride (KF) solution prepared by dissolving 49.7 g KF in 1 liter of deionized water.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Karl Fischer Titration

Advantages:

1. Precise
2. Accurate
3. Quantitative

Disadvantages:

1. Slow
2. Expensive

Karl Fischer Titration

The Karl Fischer titration is a wet chemistry technique that used to determine the amount of water in a sample. However the principle behind the Karl Fischer titration is that the water in the sample will react with anhydrous potassium iodide (KI) to form potassium iodide (KI) and water. The water content of the sample then determined by measuring the amount of iodine that produced. The Karl Fischer titration can used to determine the water content of a wide range of samples, including solids, liquids, and gases.

The procedure for the Karl Fischer titration is as follows:

1. A known volume of the sample transferred to a flask.
2. Anhydrous potassium iodide (KI) added to the flask.
3. The flask then heated to a gentle boil.
4. The iodine that produced then measured.

The applications of the Karl Fischer titration include the determination of the water content of pharmaceuticals, the water content of foods, and the water content of fuels. The preparation of the Karl Fischer titration involves the use of anhydrous potassium iodide (KI) and anhydrous sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). Therefore the advantages of the Karl Fischer titration include its accuracy and its ability to determine the water content of a wide range of samples. The disadvantages of the Karl Fischer titration include its time-consuming nature and its reliance on boiling

Karl Fischer Titration Reagents and Applications

• Karl Fischer titration a volumetric analytical technique that used for the determination of the water content of a substance. The technique based on the principle that when a substance dissolved in a solvent, a certain amount of water released. This water can be quantified using a Karl Fischer titration.
• Karl Fischer titration reagents used to determine the water content of a substance. Therefore the most common Karl Fischer titration reagent is a solution of potassium iodide in ethanol. Other reagents that can used include potassium bromide in ethanol, sodium thiosulfate in sulfuric acid, and magnesium chloride in water.
• The water content of a substance can determined using a Karl Fischer titration by reacting the substance with a Karl Fischer titration reagent. The amount of water released from the substance is then quantified using a Karl Fischer titration. The water content then calculated by subtracting the amount of water that added to the substance from the total amount of water that released from the substance.