Table of Contents
Introduction to Heterocyclic Compounds ;
A heterocyclic compound is a molecule that contains at least one ring of atoms that is not a benzene ring. Heterocyclic compounds are found in many different types of molecules, including drugs, natural products, and plastics. The rings in heterocyclic compounds can be made up of a variety of different atoms, including carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorus.
Five and Six Membered Rings
In organic chemistry, a five-membered ring is a ring of atoms with five members. A six-membered ring is a ring of atoms with six members.
General Features of Five and Six-Membered Rings
In five and six-membered rings, there is usually a double bond between the two carbons that are farthest from each other. This double bond can cause the ring to be unstable, and the ring can often open up to form a new, more stable molecule. In addition, five and six-membered rings often have low polarity, meaning that the electrons in the ring are not as likely to move around as they are in larger rings. This can make the molecules more difficult to dissolve in water.
Pyridine and Pyrrole – Physical and Chemical Properties
Pyridine is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic organic compound with a six-membered ring. It is a colorless, oily liquid with a pungent odor. Pyridine is soluble in water, alcohol, and ether. It is used in the manufacture of dyes, plastics, and pesticides.
Pyrrole is a five-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic organic compound. It is a colorless, oily liquid with a pungent odor. Pyrrole is soluble in water, alcohol, and ether. It is used in the manufacture of dyes, plastics, and pesticides.
Furan – Physical and Chemical Properties
Furan is a colorless, toxic, and flammable gas. It has a characteristic, pungent, and unpleasant odor. Furan is soluble in water and ether. It is a stable gas at room temperature but is explosive when mixed with air in concentrations of 4-5%. Furan is also a powerful reducing agent.
