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Morphology of flowering plants is an essential topic in Class 11 Biology, offering insights into the structure, types, and functions of various plant parts. Understanding morphology helps in identifying plants and their adaptations to different environments, which is critical for exams like NEET and other competitive tests.
Morphology of flowering plants Important Topics to Cover
1. Roots
- Types of Roots: Taproot, Adventitious roots.
- Root Modifications: Storage roots (e.g., carrot, radish), Prop roots (e.g., banyan tree), and Pneumatophores (e.g., mangroves).
- Functions: Anchorage, absorption, storage, and respiration.
2. Stems
- Structure: Node, internode, and axillary buds.
- Stem Modifications: Underground stems (e.g., potato, ginger), Stem tendrils (e.g., grapevine), and Thorns (e.g., bougainvillea).
- Functions: Support, transport, storage, and photosynthesis.
3. Leaves
- Types: Simple and Compound leaves.
- Venation: Reticulate (e.g., dicots) and Parallel (e.g., monocots).
- Phyllotaxy: Alternate, Opposite, Whorled.
- Modifications: Tendrils (e.g., peas), Spines (e.g., cactus), and Pitchers (e.g., Nepenthes).
4. Flowers
- Structure: Calyx, Corolla, Androecium, Gynoecium.
- Types: Actinomorphic (radial symmetry) and Zygomorphic (bilateral symmetry).
- Special Terms: Hypogynous, Perigynous, and Epigynous flowers.
5. Fruits
- Types: Simple (e.g., mango), Aggregate (e.g., strawberry), and Composite (e.g., pineapple).
- Seed dispersal mechanisms.
6. Seeds
- Structure: Monocot (e.g., maize) vs. Dicot (e.g., bean).
- Germination Types: Epigeal and Hypogeal.
7. Inflorescence
- Racemose: Main axis continues to grow (e.g., mustard).
- Cymose: Main axis terminates in a flower (e.g., hibiscus).
8. Special Modifications
- Examples: Tendrils, thorns, and storage roots that help plants adapt to their environment.
Morphology of Flowering Plants MCQ With Answers
- Which of the following is a modified stem?
a) Sweet potato
b) Carrot
c) Potato
d) Turnip
Answer: c) Potato - In monocot seeds, which structure protects the plumule?
a) Coleorhiza
b) Coleoptile
c) Endosperm
d) Scutellum
Answer: b) Coleoptile - Which type of root modification is seen in mangroves?
a) Storage roots
b) Prop roots
c) Pneumatophores
d) Adventitious roots
Answer: c) Pneumatophores - Which venation is characteristic of dicot plants?
a) Parallel
b) Reticulate
c) Both
d) None of these
Answer: b) Reticulate - Phyllotaxy with two leaves per node is called:
a) Alternate
b) Opposite
c) Whorled
d) Spiral
Answer: b) Opposite - A flower with a hypogynous ovary is:
a) Rose
b) Sunflower
c) Mustard
d) Guava
Answer: c) Mustard - Which part of the flower becomes the seed after fertilization?
a) Ovary
b) Ovule
c) Style
d) Stigma
Answer: b) Ovule - Which of the following plants shows a racemose inflorescence?
a) China rose
b) Sunflower
c) Tulip
d) Mustard
Answer: d) Mustard - What type of fruit is a mango?
a) Simple
b) Aggregate
c) Composite
d) Dry
Answer: a) Simple - Which type of phyllotaxy is observed in Alstonia?
a) Alternate
b) Opposite
c) Whorled
d) Spiral
Answer: c) Whorled - The function of pneumatophores is to:
a) Absorb water
b) Provide support
c) Exchange gases
d) Store food
Answer: c) Exchange gases - In pea plants, which part is modified into tendrils?
a) Leaflet
b) Stem
c) Root
d) Stipule
Answer: a) Leaflet - Which structure in the seed stores food in maize?
a) Endosperm
b) Cotyledon
c) Plumule
d) Radicle
Answer: a) Endosperm - In actinomorphic flowers, the symmetry is:
a) Radial
b) Bilateral
c) Asymmetrical
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Radial - Which of the following is a dry indehiscent fruit?
a) Mango
b) Groundnut
c) Wheat
d) Pea
Answer: c) Wheat - Which type of modification helps cacti reduce water loss?
a) Tendrils
b) Thorns
c) Prop roots
d) Storage roots
Answer: b) Thorns - Which tissue is responsible for the transport of food in plants?
a) Xylem
b) Phloem
c) Cambium
d) Cortex
Answer: b) Phloem - A flower that lacks both androecium and gynoecium is called:
a) Perfect
b) Neuter
c) Unisexual
d) Bisexual
Answer: b) Neuter - What type of venation is found in banana leaves?
a) Reticulate
b) Parallel
c) Dichotomous
d) None of these
Answer: b) Parallel - The edible part of a coconut is:
a) Pericarp
b) Seed coat
c) Endosperm
d) Mesocarp
Answer: c) Endosperm
Tips for Solving MCQs
- Read the question carefully to identify keywords.
- Eliminate incorrect options to narrow down choices.
- Refer to NCERT Solutions for conceptual clarity.
- Practice with previous year’s question papers and sample tests.
FAQs on Morphology of Flowering Plants MCQs
What are the main parts of a flower?
A typical flower consists of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. Sepals protect the flower bud, petals attract pollinators, stamens are the male reproductive parts producing pollen, and carpels are the female reproductive parts containing ovules.
How can practicing MCQs on morphology help in NEET preparation?
Practicing multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on plant morphology reinforces understanding of key concepts, aids in quick recall during exams, and familiarizes students with the question patterns in NEET, thereby enhancing performance.
Where can I find reliable MCQs on the morphology of flowering plants?
You can access well-structured MCQs on the morphology of flowering plants at Infinity Learn, which offers comprehensive practice questions and study materials tailored for Class 11 Biology and NEET aspirants.
