The French Revolution Class 9 History Chapter 1 Notes

The French Revolution Class 9 History Notes Chapter 1

Class 9 History Chapter 1 Notes: In Chapter 1 of CBSE Class 9 History, we explore the impactful events of the French Revolution, which marked the downfall of the monarchy in France. Alongside this, the chapter delves into significant Movements like the Declaration of the Rights of Man, highlighting principles of equality and freedom. Moreover, it discusses anti-colonial movements across various regions including India, China, Africa, and South America. These movements signify the struggle against colonial oppression and for independence.

The Class 9 History notes for Chapter 1 serve as valuable study aids, offering a comprehensive understanding of all key concepts in the CBSE syllabus. These notes cover essential topics, facilitating quick revision and aiding in exam preparation. By referring to these notes, students can enhance their grasp of historical events and secure higher marks in their exams.

CBSE Class 9 History Chapter 1 Notes – The French Revolution

After reviewing examination papers from the past three years, it has been identified that certain key topics within this chapter merit focused attention. Firstly, we explore the catalyst of the French Revolution, tracing its outbreak and the subsequent societal transformations it brought about. Post-revolution changes are another crucial area, shedding light on the societal shifts that occurred in its wake.

Delving deeper, we examine the various classes comprising French society during the late 18th century. These included the Clergy, the Nobility, and the diverse Third Estate, encompassing individuals from big businessmen to landless laborers. This Third Estate, though varied in wealth and status, bore the heavy burden of financing the state’s activities through taxation, underscoring the disparities and tensions within French society at the time.

Furthermore, insights into the former Emperor of France, Napoleon, provide a nuanced understanding of the period’s political landscape. By focusing on these central concepts, we gain a comprehensive understanding of the complexities and dynamics of French society during this pivotal historical period.

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The Struggle for Survival:

As France’s population sour up, so did the demand for grains, exacerbating the gap between the affluent and the impoverished. This socioeconomic disparity triggered recurring subsistence crises.

The Growing Middle Class

Emerging as an educated segment, the middle class championed the notion of meritocracy over birthright privilege. Influential philosophers like the English thinker John Locke and the French luminary Jean-Jacques Rousseau disseminated these egalitarian ideals. The influence of such thoughts was palpable in the drafting of the American Constitution, which enshrined individual rights. These philosophical currents found resonance in the vibrant discussions of salons, coffeehouses, and the printed word, permeating society through books, newspapers, and even public readings.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science History – Chapters

• Chapter 1 The French Revolution
• Chapter 2 Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution
• Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler
• Chapter 4 Forest Society and Colonialism
• Chapter 5 Pastoralists in the Modern World

French Revolution Class 9 History Chapter 1 Notes – Summary

The Outbreak of the Revolution

The French Revolution went through various stages. When Louis XVI became the king of France in 1774, he inherited a treasury which was empty. There was growing discontent within the society of the Old Regime.

1770s-1780s: France experiences economic decline, leading to significant government debt. Louis XVI assumes the throne in 1774.

1788-1789: Poor harvests and soaring food prices provoke unrest and riots demanding reforms.

1789, May 5: The Estates-General convenes amidst calls for change.

1789, July 14: The storming of the Bastille marks the commencement of the French Revolution.

1789, August 4: The Night of August 4 witnesses the relinquishment of aristocratic privileges and feudal rights.

1789, August 26: The Declaration of the Rights of Man is proclaimed, asserting fundamental human liberties.

1790: The Civil Constitution of the Clergy secularizes the Church.

1791: The National Constituent Assembly disbands.

1792: The 1791 Constitution transforms the absolute monarchy into a limited constitutional monarchy.

1792: Austria and Prussia launch attacks against revolutionary France, while Robespierre assumes a prominent role in the National Convention.

1793: The execution of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette occurs amidst foreign conflicts and internal turmoil, leading to the onset of the Reign of Terror.

1792-1794: The Committee of Public Safety, led by Robespierre, repels foreign invaders and executes numerous perceived enemies of the revolution, marking a period of intense repression.

1794: Robespierre’s demise brings an end to the Reign of Terror, leading to the establishment of the Directory, a governing committee comprising five individuals.

1795: The dissolution of the National Convention paves the way for political restructuring.

1799: Napoleon Bonaparte ascends to power, marking the conclusion of the French Revolution

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Women’s Revolution

• From the very beginning, women were active participants in the events which brought about so many changes in French society.
• Most of the women of the third estate had to work for a living.
• Their wages were lower than those of men.
• They demanded equal pay for equal work.
• In order to discuss and voice their interests, women started their own political clubs and newspapers.
• One of their main demands was that women must enjoy the same political rights as men.
• Some laws were introduced to improve the position of women.
• Their struggle still continues in several parts of the world.
• It was finally in 1946 that women in France won the right to vote.

The Abolition of Slavery

• There was a triangular slave trade among Europe, Africa, and America.
• In the 18th century, there was little criticism of slavery in France.
• No laws were passed against it.
• It was in 1794 that the convention made free to all slaves.
• But 10 years later slavery was reintroduced by Napoleon.
• It was finally in 1848 that slavery was abolished in the French colonies.

The Revolution and Everyday Life

• The years following 1789 in France saw many changes in the lives of men, women, and children.
• The revolutionary governments took it upon themselves to pass laws that would translate the ideals of liberty and equality into everyday practice.
• One important law that came into effect was the abolition of censorship.
• The ideas of liberty and democratic rights were the most important legacy of the French Revolution. These spread from France to the rest of Europe during the 19th century.

Napoleon

• In 1804, Napoleon crowned himself emperor of France.
• He set out to conquer neighboring European countries, dispossessing dynasties and creating kingdoms where he placed members of his family.
• He saw his role as a modernizer of Europe.
• He was finally, defeated at Waterloo in 1815.

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