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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants MCQ: Photosynthesis in higher plants is a crucial process that supports life by converting sunlight into chemical energy. This chapter explains the mechanisms of photosynthesis, including light and dark reactions, photophosphorylation, and the Calvin cycle. It also covers the structure of chloroplasts, pigments involved, and factors affecting photosynthesis efficiency. Understanding these concepts is essential for NEET and board exams. It forms the foundation of plant physiology and highlights energy dynamics in ecosystems.
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants MCQ
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants, a key chapter in the CBSE syllabus, focuses on how plants convert sunlight into chemical energy. This chapter covers crucial topics like the structure of chloroplasts, photosynthetic pigments, light and dark reactions, photophosphorylation, the Calvin cycle, and factors influencing photosynthesis. For students preparing for competitive exams like NEET, solving class 11 Biology MCQs from this chapter enhances understanding of core concepts, boosts confidence, and strengthens problem-solving skills. Practicing these NEET Biology MCQs ensures thorough preparation for both board exams and competitive tests, making it a vital step toward academic success.
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants MCQ with Answers
Q1. Which pigment is primarily responsible for capturing light energy in photosynthesis?
a) Chlorophyll a
b) Chlorophyll b
c) Xanthophyll
d) Carotenoids
Answer: a) Chlorophyll a
Q2. The first stable product of the Calvin cycle is:
a) Oxaloacetic acid
b) 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA)
c) Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)
d) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
Answer: b) 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA)
Q3. Which enzyme is responsible for carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle?
a) ATP synthase
b) Rubisco
c) PEP carboxylase
d) NADP reductase
Answer: b) Rubisco
Q4. Where does the light reaction of photosynthesis take place?
a) Stroma
b) Thylakoid membrane
c) Cytoplasm
d) Inner membrane of the chloroplast
Answer: b) Thylakoid membrane
Q5. Out of the following, which one is a C4 plant?
a) Wheat
b) Rice
c) Maize
d) Tomato
Answer: c) Maize
Q6. The Z-scheme in photosynthesis refers to:
a) Calvin cycle pathway
b) Non-cyclic photophosphorylation
c) Cyclic photophosphorylation
d) Photorespiration
Answer: b) Non-cyclic photophosphorylation
Q7. Photorespiration occurs in:
a) Chloroplast, mitochondria, and peroxisomes
b) Cytoplasm and chloroplast
c) Mitochondria and nucleus
d) Only in the chloroplast
Answer: a) Chloroplast, mitochondria, and peroxisomes
Q8. Which pathway minimizes photorespiration in C4 plants?
a) Hatch-Slack pathway
b) Calvin cycle
c) Cyclic photophosphorylation
d) Non-cyclic photophosphorylation
Answer: a) Hatch-Slack pathway
Q9. In which part of the chloroplast does the Calvin cycle occur?
a) Grana
b) Stroma
c) Thylakoid membrane
d) Intermembrane space
Answer: b) Stroma
Q10. How many ATP molecules are required to synthesize one molecule of glucose in the Calvin cycle?
a) 18
b) 12
c) 24
d) 30
Answer: a) 18
Q11. The oxygen released during photosynthesis comes from:
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Water
c) Glucose
d) ATP
Answer: b) Water
Q12. Which pigment transfers energy to chlorophyll a in light harvesting complexes?
a) Carotenoids
b) Xanthophylls
c) Chlorophyll b
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Q13. C4 plants show high photosynthetic efficiency because:
a) They avoid photorespiration
b) They use less water
c) They have a single carbon fixation cycle
d) Their stomata remain open longer
Answer: a) They avoid photorespiration
Q14. Non-cyclic photophosphorylation produces:
a) ATP only
b) NADPH only
c) Both ATP and NADPH
d) Oxygen only
Answer: c) Both ATP and NADPH
Q15. Which of the following factors does not directly affect the rate of photosynthesis?
a) Light intensity
b) Temperature
c) Oxygen concentration
d) Chlorophyll content
Answer: c) Oxygen concentration
Q16. In CAM plants, stomata open:
a) During the day
b) At night
c) In both day and night
d) Only in the morning
Answer: b) At night
Q17. What is the role of PEP carboxylase in C4 plants?
a) It fixes CO2 into oxaloacetate
b) It generates ATP
c) It catalyzes the reduction of NADP+
d) It splits water molecules
Answer: a) It fixes CO2 into oxaloacetate
Q18. What is the major product of the light-dependent reactions?
a) Glucose
b) ATP and NADPH
c) Pyruvate
d) Oxygen
Answer: b) ATP and NADPH
Q19. Photorespiration occurs under:
a) High CO2 and low O2 conditions
b) High O2 and low CO2 conditions
c) High light intensity and low temperature
d) Low light intensity and high temperature
Answer: b) High O2 and low CO2 conditions
Q20. Which plant shows the highest photosynthetic efficiency?
a) C3 plants
b) C4 plants
c) CAM plants
d) Aquatic plants
Answer: b) C4 plants
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants MCQ for NEET Biology
Q1. What is the role of plastoquinone (PQ) in the electron transport chain during photosynthesis?
a) It transfers electrons from photosystem I to ferredoxin
b) It gives the cytochrome b6f complex electrons from photosystem II.
c) It acts as the primary electron acceptor of photosystem II
d) It synthesizes ATP from ADP and Pi
Answer: b) It transfers electrons from photosystem II to the cytochrome b6f complex
Q2. Which process is responsible for the splitting of water molecules during photosynthesis?
a) Non-cyclic photophosphorylation
b) Cyclic photophosphorylation
c) Photolysis
d) Chemiosmosis
Answer: c) Photolysis
Q3. In the Calvin cycle, which compound regenerates RuBP?
a) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)
b) Fructose-6-phosphate
c) Ribose-5-phosphate
d) Xylulose-5-phosphate
Answer: d) Xylulose-5-phosphate
Q4. Which pigment is absent in photosystem I but present in photosystem II?
a) P700
b) P680
c) Chlorophyll b
d) Carotenoids
Answer: b) P680
Q5. During the light-dependent reactions, which ion accumulates in the lumen of thylakoids to generate a proton gradient?
a) H+
b) K+
c) Na+
d) Mg2+
Answer: a) H+
Q6. What is the significance of cyclic photophosphorylation in plants?
a) Produces ATP and NADPH
b) Produces only ATP
c) Reduces photorespiration
d) Synthesizes glucose
Answer: b) Produces only ATP
Q7. In C3 plants, which step is most affected by high oxygen concentration?
a) Carboxylation of RuBP
b) Reduction of 3-PGA
c) Photorespiration
d) Regeneration of RuBP
Answer: c) Photorespiration
Q8. What is the key function of ferredoxin in photosynthesis?
a) Transfers electrons to photosystem II
b) Facilitates NADP+ reduction to NADPH
c) Hydrolyzes ATP
d) Generates oxygen
Answer: b) Facilitates NADP+ reduction to NADPH
Q9. Which of the following is a primary acceptor of CO2 in C4 plants?
a) Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
b) Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)
c) 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA)
d) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)
Answer: a) Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
Q10. The quantum yield of photosynthesis decreases drastically under which condition?
a) High CO2 concentration
b) High O2 concentration
c) Low light intensity
d) High humidity
Answer: b) High O2 concentration
Q11. What is the primary advantage of Kranz anatomy in C4 plants?
a) Increases oxygen uptake
b) Minimizes photorespiration
c) Enhances light absorption
d) Reduces water loss
Answer: b) Minimizes photorespiration
Q12. Which of the following is a unique feature of CAM plants?
a) Carbon fixation during the night
b) Calvin cycle in mesophyll cells
c) Non-cyclic photophosphorylation only
d) High transpiration rate
Answer: a) Carbon fixation during the night
Q13. The term ‘Hill reaction’ refers to:
a) Photophosphorylation process
b) Oxygen evolution during photosynthesis
c) Reduction of NADP+ to NADPH
d) CO2 fixation in photosynthesis
Answer: b) Oxygen evolution during photosynthesis
Q14. What is the net ATP required for the synthesis of one molecule of glucose in C4 plants?
a) 18 ATP
b) 30 ATP
c) 36 ATP
d) 12 ATP
Answer: b) 30 ATP
Q15. Which of the following enzymes is unique to C4 plants?
a) Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase
b) Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
c) ATP synthase
d) NADP reductase
Answer: b) Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
