CBSE Class 11 Biology Human Physiology MCQs with Answers

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Human Physiology MCQs play a crucial role in mastering the concepts required for NEET Biology, especially for Class 11 students preparing for the exam. These MCQs cover essential topics such as the human circulatory system, digestion, respiration, and neural functions, which are vital for both understanding and performing well in the NEET exam. By practicing these Human Physiology MCQs, students can enhance their problem-solving skills, gain confidence, and strengthen their conceptual clarity, making them well-prepared for tackling the challenges of the NEET exam.

Human Physiology MCQs

Human physiology is the scientific study of how the human body functions at various levels, from cellular processes to complex biological systems. This branch of biology is critical for understanding the mechanisms behind bodily functions, such as digestion, circulation, and respiration, all of which contribute to maintaining homeostasis. In the context of NEET, human physiology is an essential topic, contributing significantly to the syllabus. It is the fifth section in the NCERT curriculum for Class 11 and carries substantial weightage in the exam. With its overlap with topics like human anatomy, genetics, and reproduction, mastering human physiology is crucial for success in the NEET exam. It accounts for 12% of the total marks, making it a key area of focus for aspirants.

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CBSE Class 11 Biology Human Physiology MCQs with Answers

1. Which of the following is responsible for the production of insulin in the human body?
a) Pancreatic acini
b) Alpha cells of the pancreas
c) Beta cells of the pancreas
d) Liver
Answer: c) Beta cells of the pancreas

2. Which part of the brain controls the basic vital functions like heart rate and breathing?
a) Cerebellum
b) Medulla oblongata
c) Thalamus
d) Hypothalamus
Answer: b) Medulla oblongata

3. What is the main function of the nephron in the human kidney?
a) Filtration of blood
b) Production of hormones
c) Storage of urine
d) Absorption of water
Answer: a) Filtration of blood

4. The process by which food moves through the esophagus is called:
a) Absorption
b) Peristalsis
c) Digestion
d) Assimilation
Answer: b) Peristalsis

5. Which of the following enzymes is responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth?
a) Lipase
b) Pepsin
c) Amylase
d) Trypsin
Answer: c) Amylase

6. In the human heart, the blood is prevented from flowing backward by:
a) Arteries
b) Valves
c) Aorta
d) Veins
Answer: b) Valves

7. Which of the following is the main component of red blood cells that helps in the transport of oxygen?
a) Hemoglobin
b) Albumin
c) Plasma
d) Leukocytes
Answer: a) Hemoglobin

8. Which type of blood vessels carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body?
a) Veins
b) Capillaries
c) Arteries
d) Venules
Answer: c) Arteries

9. What is the primary function of the large intestine?
a) Absorption of nutrients
b) Secretion of digestive enzymes
c) Absorption of water and salts
d) Digestion of food
Answer: c) Absorption of water and salts

10. Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating body temperature, hunger, and thirst?
a) Cerebellum
b) Medulla oblongata
c) Thalamus
d) Hypothalamus
Answer: d) Hypothalamus

11. Which hormone is responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Testosterone
d) Oxytocin
Answer: a) Estrogen

12. The liquid portion of blood, which is primarily composed of water, is called:
a) Hemoglobin
b) Plasma
c) Serum
d) Lymph
Answer: b) Plasma

13. Which structure in the respiratory system is known as the “voice box”?
a) Trachea
b) Bronchi
c) Larynx
d) Pharynx
Answer: c) Larynx

14. Which of the following hormones is secreted by the pancreas to lower blood sugar levels?
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine
d) Adrenaline
Answer: a) Insulin

15. The main function of bile produced by the liver is to:
a) Break down proteins
b) Break down carbohydrates
c) Emulsify fats
d) Digest fibers
Answer: c) Emulsify fats

16. The primary function of the lymphatic system is to:
a) Transport oxygen to tissues
b) Transport hormones
c) Transport lymph and defend against infections
d) Store excess glucose
Answer: c) Transport lymph and defend against infections

17. Which of the following is the primary site for nutrient absorption in the human digestive system?
a) Stomach
b) Large intestine
c) Small intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: c) Small intestine

18. Which cells are responsible for the immune response and protect the body from pathogens?
a) Red blood cells
b) White blood cells
c) Platelets
d) Neurons
Answer: b) White blood cells

19. Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
a) Detoxification
b) Secretion of digestive enzymes
c) Storage of glycogen
d) Production of bile
Answer: b) Secretion of digestive enzymes

20. Which component of the blood helps in clotting?
a) Plasma
b) Red blood cells
c) Platelets
d) White blood cells
Answer: c) Platelets

21. Which of the following parts of the kidney is responsible for the filtration of blood?
a) Nephron
b) Renal pelvis
c) Ureter
d) Glomerulus
Answer: a) Nephron

22. Which of the following blood vessels carries deoxygenated blood to the heart?
a) Pulmonary artery
b) Pulmonary vein
c) Aorta
d) Coronary artery
Answer: a) Pulmonary artery

23. In which part of the human body does the process of fertilization occur?
a) Uterus
b) Ovary
c) Fallopian tube
d) Vagina
Answer: c) Fallopian tube

24. Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of proteins in the stomach?
a) Amylase
b) Pepsin
c) Trypsin
d) Lipase
Answer: b) Pepsin

25. Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons?
a) Axon
b) Dendrites
c) Soma
d) Myelin sheath
Answer: b) Dendrites

26. The pacemaker of the human heart is located in which part of the heart?
a) Left atrium
b) Right atrium
c) Left ventricle
d) Right ventricle
Answer: b) Right atrium

27. Which of the following structures is primarily responsible for regulating the pH of the blood?
a) Lungs
b) Liver
c) Kidneys
d) Heart
Answer: c) Kidneys

28. Which of the following is responsible for controlling the rhythmic contractions of the heart?
a) Sinoatrial node
b) Atrioventricular node
c) Bundle of His
d) Purkinje fibers
Answer: a) Sinoatrial node

29. Which of the following glands is responsible for the production of the hormone adrenaline?
a) Pineal gland
b) Adrenal glands
c) Pituitary gland
d) Thyroid gland
Answer: b) Adrenal glands

30. Which type of muscle tissue is involved in voluntary movement?
a) Cardiac muscle
b) Skeletal muscle
c) Smooth muscle
d) Epithelial tissue
Answer: b) Skeletal muscle

Benefits of Solving Human Physiology MCQs

Solving Human Physiology MCQs enhances understanding of complex physiological concepts and processes.
It helps in improving retention of important facts and concepts, crucial for NEET and other exams.
Practicing MCQs builds problem-solving skills and boosts exam confidence.
It provides quick revision by covering a wide range of topics in a short time.
Regular practice of MCQs aids in identifying weak areas, allowing for focused improvement.