DRDO Full Form – Defence Research and Development Organisation

Missile Category	Description
Surface-to-Air Missiles (SAM)	Missiles launched from the ground to destroy enemy aircrafts or missiles.
Air-to-Air Missiles	Missiles fired from one aircraft to hit another aircraft.
Surface-to-Surface Missiles (SSM)	Missiles launched from the ground to hit targets on land.
Defence Missiles (Interceptor)	Missiles designed to intercept and destroy incoming enemy missiles.
Cruise Missiles	Low-flying missiles that travel like airplanes and can hit ground targets.
Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missiles (SLBM)	Missiles launched from submarines to hit land-based targets.
Anti-Tank Missiles	Missiles made to destroy tanks and armored vehicles.

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DRDO’s MARS

The DRDO lab in Pune has made a smart robot called MARS, which stands for Mobile Autonomous Robot System. This robot is very helpful for the Indian Army. It can find and safely remove landmines and dangerous bombs (called IEDs) from a safe distance, even in risky and dangerous areas.

MARS was made by the Electro-Mechanical Systems Group at the R&DE Lab. This strong robot helps protect soldiers by doing risky jobs for them, making our army smarter and safer.

DRDO’s Smart Robot That Saves Lives

MARS stands for Mobile Autonomous Robot System. It is a smart robot made by DRDO that can work on its own using a special built-in program.

MARS can see, find, and pick up any suspicious object, like a hidden bomb. It then moves the object to a safe place. With extra tools, MARS can also dig the ground, find the object, and even defuse bombs (IEDs) in different ways.

Before touching anything, MARS creates a 3D picture of the object to understand it better. Scientists say MARS can be used in many ways and can work in any kind of area, like mud, sand, or rocks.

How MARS Robot is Useful?

The MARS robot made by DRDO was shown in a big army event in Pune. This event focused on how to remove landmines safely. Many countries from South East Asia joined the event because they also have problems with old war bombs still hidden in the ground. In such places, MARS can be very helpful.

In India, some areas have trouble with terrorism and extremism, where bombs (IEDs) are used. MARS can help the police, army, and paramilitary forces to find and remove these bombs from far away, keeping people safe.

If a telecom system is added, MARS can be controlled from very far. Soon, the R&DE Lab will share this technology with companies so they can build more MARS robots for India’s safety.

DRDO’s Highest Research Centre in Ladakh

DRDO has built the world’s highest research centre in Ladakh at a place called Changla, near the famous Pangong Lake. This centre is located at a height of 17,600 feet above sea level!

This centre works like a natural cold storage to keep medicinal and natural plants fresh for a long time. It also helps in research related to food, farming, and medicine, which is very useful for Indian soldiers living in high mountains.

The centre was started in 2018 by DIHAR (Defence Institute of High Altitude Research) and is now used for many life sciences projects to help people and soldiers in cold, high areas.

Challenges Faced by DRDO

Even though DRDO works hard to make India strong in defence, it still faces some big challenges. Here are the main problems:

1. Budget Problems

In 2016-17, a report said that many DRDO projects did not get enough money to work properly. Later, when the NDA government came to power, they increased the defence budget, and by 2018, the military spending was very high.

2. ISRO vs DRDO

People often compare ISRO and DRDO. ISRO made big projects like the Mars Mission at a very low cost, even cheaper than some movies! But DRDO sometimes faces delays due to too many rules and slow changes in the Ministry of Defence. That’s why ISRO gets more support from the government than DRDO.

3. Not Enough Staff

DRDO does not have enough experts and workers, especially in important research areas. It also needs better teamwork with the Indian Army, Navy, and Air Force.

4. Old Technology

A lot of defence items are still bought from other countries, which is expensive and affects our economy. DRDO spends too much time improving old technology instead of creating new and modern ones.

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