Control and Coordination Chapter 7 Important Questions Class 10 Science

Important Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 7

The chapter Control and Coordination in Class 10 Science explains how our body and plants coordinate different activities. It covers important topics like the nervous system, reflex actions, hormones, and plant movements. To help you understand this chapter better, here are some important questions for class 10 Science chapter 7. These important questions focus on the key concepts and will help you prepare for exams. By practicing them, you can strengthen your understanding of how organisms control and coordinate their actions, ensuring better preparation for your board exams.

Important question for class 10 Science Control and Coordination PDF will help you in scoring more marks. This consists of 1 mark Questions, 3 Mark Numericals Questions, 5 Marks Numerical Questions and previous year questions from Control and Coordination Chapter.

Control and Coordination Chapter 7 Important Questions Class 10 Science

Chapter 7 of Class 10 Science focuses on Control and Coordination, exploring how living organisms respond to stimuli and maintain internal balance. Below are some Control and Coordination Chapter 7 important questions that can aid students in their preparation for exams.

Very Short Answer Type Questions (1 Mark) – Year 2015

1. Why is it advised to use iodised salt in our diet?
   Answer: Iodine stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxin hormone. Deficiency of this hormone results in the enlargement of the thyroid gland, which can lead to goitre.

Short Answer Type Questions [II] (3 Marks) – Year 2015

2. State how the concentration of auxin stimulates cells to grow longer on the side of the shoot that is away from light.
   Answer: When light falls on one side of the shoot, auxin diffuses towards the shady side. The higher concentration of auxin on the shady side stimulates cell elongation, causing the plant to bend towards the light.
3. What is a synapse? In a neuron, how is an electrical impulse created, and what is the role of synapse in this context?
   Answer: A synapse is the gap between two neurons where the axon terminal of one neuron is in close proximity to the dendrite of the next neuron. When a nerve impulse reaches the end of an axon, a neurotransmitter is released into the synapse, allowing the signal to pass from one neuron to the next. Electrical signals are converted into chemical signals in the synapse and back into electrical signals in the next neuron.

Long Answer Type Questions (5 Marks) – Year 2015

4. What is meant by reflex action? With the help of a labelled diagram, trace the sequence of events when we touch a hot object.
   Answer:
   Stimulus: The stimulus is the contact with the hot object, causing a nerve impulse to travel via sensory neurons to the spinal cord.
   Sensory Neurons: These neurons carry the impulse to the spinal cord.
   Interneurons: Located in the central nervous system, they connect sensory neurons to motor neurons.
   Synapse: The electrical signal is converted into a chemical signal at the synapse and transmitted to the motor neurons.
   Motor Neurons: These carry the impulse to the muscles, which contract to move the hand away.
   Response: The muscle contraction pulls the hand away from the hot object.

Very Short Answer Type Question (1 Mark) – Year 2014

5. Give an example of a plant hormone that promotes growth. Where is it synthesized?
   Answer: Auxin is a plant hormone that promotes growth. It is synthesized at the tip of the plant stem.

Short Answer Type Questions [I] (2 Marks) – Year 2014

6. (i) Name the hormones released in human males and females during puberty.
   (ii) Name a gland associated with the brain and the problem caused by the deficiency of its hormone.
   Answer:
   (i) In males, testosterone is released by the testes. In females, estrogen is released by the ovaries.
   (ii) The pituitary gland is responsible for body growth. Deficiency in its hormone can lead to dwarfism, and excess can lead to gigantism.

Short Answer Type Questions [II] (3 Marks) – Year 2014

8. Write one example for each of the following tropic movements:
   (i) Positive phototropism
   (ii) Negative phototropism
   (iii) Positive geotropism
   (iv) Negative geotropism
   (v) Hydrotropism
   (vi) Chemotropism
   Answer:
   (i) Shoots growing towards light.
   (ii) Roots growing away from light.
   (iii) Roots growing towards the earth due to gravity.
   (iv) Shoots growing away from the earth.
   (v) Roots growing towards a source of water.
   (vi) Growth of pollen tubes towards ovules.

Long Answer Type Questions (5 Marks) – Year 2014

9. (a) Name the hormone released when blood sugar levels rise. Explain the need for chemical communication in multicellular organisms.
   (b) Explain the role of the pancreas in regulating blood sugar levels and list the digestive enzymes it secretes, along with their functions.
   Answer:
   (a) Insulin is released by the pancreas when blood sugar levels rise. Multicellular organisms rely on chemical communication for coordinated actions between cells, such as muscle contractions controlled by the brain.
   (b) The pancreas produces insulin to lower blood sugar levels. It also secretes digestive enzymes like pancreatic amylase, which helps break down starch.

Very Short Answer Type Question (1 Mark) – Year 2013

11. State the function of:
    (i) Gustatory receptors
    (ii) Olfactory receptors
    Answer:
    (i) Gustatory receptors detect taste.
    (ii) Olfactory receptors detect smell.

Short Answer Type Questions [II] (3 Marks) – Year 2013

12. (a) Explain three types of directional movements in plants.
    (b) How are the brain and spinal cord protected in humans?
    (c) Name the master gland located in the brain.
    Answer:
    (a) Phototropism (movement towards light), Geotropism (movement towards or away from the earth), Hydrotropism (movement towards water).
    (b) The brain is protected by the skull, and the spinal cord is protected by vertebrae, cushioned by cerebrospinal fluid and meninges.
    (c) The pituitary gland.

Very Short Answer Type Questions (1 Mark) – Year 2012

13. Name the part of the brain that controls posture and balance.
    Answer: The cerebellum.

Short Answer Type Questions [II] (3 Marks) – Year 2011

19. Which organ secretes a hormone when blood sugar rises in the body? Name the hormone and one enzyme released by this organ.
    Answer: The pancreas secretes insulin when blood sugar rises. The enzyme is pancreatic juice.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science All Chapters PDF Download

• Chapter 1 – Equations and Chemical Reactions
• Chapter 2 – Acids, Bases, and Salt
• Chapter 3 – Non-Metals and Metals
• Chapter 4 – Carbon and Its Compounds
• Chapter 5 – Periodic Classification Of Elements
• Chapter 6 – Life Processes
• Chapter 7 – Control and Coordination
• Chapter 8 – How do Organisms Reproduce?
• Chapter 9 – Heredity and Evolution
• Chapter 10 – Light Reflection and Refraction
• Chapter 11 – The Human Eye and Colorful World
• Chapter 12 – Electricity
• Chapter 13 – Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
• Chapter 14 – Sources of Energy
• Chapter 15 – Our Environment
• Chapter 16 – Sustainable Management of Natural Resources

20.
(a) Explain how auxins help in bending of plant stem towards light.
(b) State the objective of the experiment for which the experimental setup is shown in the given diagram.

Answer:
(a) In plant shoots, auxins play a crucial role in promoting positive phototropism, which is the tendency of plants to grow toward light. When light hits a plant from one direction, auxins are redistributed toward the shaded side. This accumulation of auxins on the shaded side stimulates cell elongation in that area. As a result, the cells on the shaded side grow longer than those on the light-exposed side, causing the shoot to bend toward the light.
(b) The objective of the experiment is to demonstrate the phototropic movement of plants.

21. What causes a tendril to encircle or coil around the object in contact with it? Explain the process involved.

Answer:
When a tendril contacts a support, the portion of the tendril in contact with the object experiences slower growth compared to the part that is not in contact. This differential growth causes the tendril to coil around the object, allowing it to cling securely.

22. Name any three endocrine glands in the human body and briefly write the function of each of them.

Answer:
Three endocrine glands and their functions in the human body are as follows:

• Thyroid Gland: This gland secretes the hormone thyroxine, which regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, ensuring a balance of nutrients and mental acuity.
• Adrenal Gland: It produces two hormones—adrenaline and corticosteroids—which regulate blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate, and carbohydrate metabolism.
• Pancreas: It secretes two hormones—insulin and glucagon. Insulin lowers blood glucose levels, while glucagon raises them.

23. Which part of the brain controls involuntary actions? Write the function of any two regions of it.

Answer:
The hindbrain is responsible for controlling involuntary actions.

• Cerebellum: This region coordinates body movements and maintains posture.
• Medulla Oblongata: It regulates vital functions such as swallowing, coughing, sneezing, and vomiting.

24. What is chemotropism? Give one example. Name any two plant hormones and mention their functions.

Answer:
Chemotropism is the directional growth of a plant part in response to a chemical stimulus, which can be either positive or negative.
Example: The growth of a pollen tube toward chemicals released by an ovule during fertilization.
Two plant hormones and their functions:

• Auxins: Promote cell elongation, root formation, cell division, respiration, and other physiological processes like protein synthesis.
• Gibberellins: Stimulate stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering.

25. State the functions of any three structural and functional units of the nervous system.

Answer:
The structural and functional unit of the nervous system, known as a neuron, has the following functions:

• Cell Body: Converts stimuli received from dendrites into an impulse in the cyton.
• Dendrites: Receive sensory information or stimuli, which may be physical or chemical.
• Axon: Conducts impulses away from the cell body.

26. What is ‘hydrotropism’? Describe an experiment to demonstrate ‘hydrotropism’.

Answer:
Hydrotropism is the directional growth of a plant part in response to water. Roots exhibit positive hydrotropism by growing toward water in the soil.
Experiment to demonstrate hydrotropism:

1. Take a porous pot filled with water and insert it into a tub filled with dry sand.
2. Sow a freshly germinated pea seedling in the sand.
3. As water is unavailable in the sand, the root will bend toward the porous pot filled with water.
4. The hydrotropic curvature of the root will be observed as it grows toward the water, demonstrating the movement in response to water.

27. What are ‘hormones’? State one function of each of the following hormones:
(i) Thyroxine
(ii) Insulin

Answer:
Hormones are chemical substances that coordinate and control the activities and growth of living organisms. The term ‘hormone’ was introduced by Bayliss and Starling.
(i) Function of Thyroxine: Regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats.
(ii) Function of Insulin: Helps regulate blood sugar levels.

28. What is the function of receptors in our body? Think of a situation where receptors do not work properly. What problems are likely to arise?

Answer:
Receptors are located throughout the body, such as in the skin, eyes, nose, and tongue. They detect signals and send them to the brain in the form of electrical impulses. If these receptors are damaged, they may fail to detect inputs, which could lead to severe consequences in dangerous situations, compromising the body’s ability to respond to threats.

Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 Mark] – Year 2010

29. How is the spinal cord protected in the human body?

Answer:
The spinal cord is enclosed within a bony structure known as the vertebral column.

30. A potted plant is made to lie horizontally on the ground. Which part of the plant will show
(i) positive geotropism?
(ii) negative geotropism?

Answer:
(i) Root (ii) Shoot

31. Mention the function of the hind-brain in humans.
Answer: The hind-brain controls respiration, cardiovascular reflexes, and gastric secretions. It also modulates motor commands initiated by the cerebrum.

32. Mention the function of adrenaline hormone.
Answer: The adrenaline hormone is released into the blood from the adrenal gland during nervous system stimulation in adverse situations (fight or flight). It:

• Increases blood pressure.
• Increases heart rate.
• Increases breathing rate.
• Diverts blood to essential organs (heart, brain, skeletal muscles) by dilating their blood vessels and constricting those of less essential organs (such as skin and digestive system).

33. Name the two main organs of our central nervous system. Which one of them plays a major role in sending commands to muscles to act without involving the thinking process? Name the phenomenon involved.
Answer: The two main organs of the central nervous system are the brain and spinal cord. The spinal cord plays a major role in sending commands to muscles to act without involving the thinking process. This phenomenon is called reflex action.

34. Name the hormone secreted by human testes. State its functions.
Answer: The testes secrete the male sex hormone called testosterone. The function of testosterone is to regulate male accessory sex organs and secondary sexual characteristics, such as mustache, beard, and voice.

35. Name and explain the function of the hormone secreted by the pituitary gland in humans.
Answer: The hormones secreted by the pituitary gland and their functions are:

• Growth hormone: Regulates growth and development of bones and muscles.
• Trophic hormone: Regulates the secretion of hormones from other endocrine glands.
• Prolactin hormone: Regulates the function of mammary glands in females.
• Vasopressin hormone: Regulates water and electrolyte balance in the body.
• Oxytocin hormone: Regulates the ejection of milk during lactation.

36. What is a reflex action? Describe the steps involved in a reflex action.
Answer: A reflex action is defined as an unconscious, automatic, and involuntary response of effectors (muscles and glands) to a stimulus, which is monitored through the spinal cord.
Mechanism of reflex action: It involves the following steps:

1. A receptor organ (like skin) perceives the stimulus and activates a sensory nerve impulse.
2. The sensory organ carries the message in the form of a sensory impulse to the spinal cord.
3. The spinal cord acts as a modulator; neurons of the spinal cord transmit the sensory nerve impulse to the motor neuron.
4. The motor neuron conducts these impulses to the effectors (like leg muscles), which respond by pulling back the organ away from the harmful stimulus.

37. List the components of the reflex arc in correct sequence. State in brief the role of the brain in reflex action.
Answer: The components of the reflex arc are as follows:

1. Receptor
2. Sensory neuron
3. Spinal cord (integrating center)
4. Motor neuron
5. Effector
   The reflex arc does not involve the brain; it minimizes the overloading of the brain.

38. A young green plant receives sunlight from one direction only. What will happen to its shoots?
Answer: The shoots will bend towards the light, and the roots will grow away from the light.

39. Name the plant hormones which help/promote (i) cell division (ii) growth of the stem and roots?
Answer: The plant hormones which help or promote:
(i) Cell division — Cytokinins
(ii) Growth of the stem — Gibberellins

40. What is the function of thyroxine hormone in our body?
Answer: The thyroxine hormone regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the body to provide the best growth balance.

41. Name two tissues that provide control and coordination in multicellular animals.
Answer: The two tissues that provide control and coordination in multicellular animals are nervous and muscular tissues.

42. Which one of the following actions on touch is an example of chemical control?
(i) Movement on the touch-sensitive plant.
(ii) Movement in the human leg.
Answer: (i) Movement on the touch-sensitive plant.

43. What are ‘nastic’ and ‘curvature’ movements? Give one example of each.
Answer:

• Nastic movements: These are non-directional movements that are neither towards nor away from the stimulus. Example: Dropping of leaves.
• Curvature movements: In these movements, plant organs move towards or away from the stimulus. Example: Bending of shoots towards a source of light.

44. Write the name and functions of any two parts of the human hind-brain.
Answer: Any two parts of the human hind-brain with their functions are:
(i) Cerebellum: Controls coordination of body movement and posture.
(ii) Medulla oblongata: Regulates the centers for swallowing, coughing, sneezing, and vomiting.

45. What are plant hormones? Write two important functions of auxin.
Answer: Plant hormones are chemical substances produced naturally in plants that can translocate and regulate one or more physiological processes when present in low concentrations.
Two important functions of auxin are:

• Promotes cell elongation.
• Facilitates root formation and cell division.

47. (a) Name the two main constituents of the Central Nervous System in human beings.
(b) What is the need for a system of control and coordination in human beings?
Answer:
(a) The two main constituents of the Central Nervous System in human beings are the brain and the spinal cord.
(b) A living being does not live in isolation; it must constantly interact with its external environment and respond appropriately for survival. For example, when a hungry lion spots a deer, the lion must act quickly to catch its prey, while the deer needs to escape. The responses a living being makes in relation to external stimuli are controlled and coordinated by a system, especially in complex animals. Thus, control and coordination are essential for maintaining stability and balance between an organism’s internal conditions and the external environment.

FAQs on Important Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 7

How to score 95 in class 10?

Scoring 95 in Class 10 requires a focused and strategic approach. Start by creating a well-structured study plan that covers the entire syllabus. Prioritize understanding concepts over rote memorization, especially in subjects like Science and Mathematics. Regular revision is crucial; make sure to revise topics weekly to reinforce your understanding. Practice previous years' question papers and sample papers to familiarize yourself with the exam pattern and improve your time management skills during the exam. Additionally, maintaining a positive mindset, staying motivated, and balancing studies with breaks can enhance your performance. Finally, don’t hesitate to seek help from teachers or peers when you're stuck on a topic.

What is important in control and coordination class 10?

In the Control and Coordination chapter of Class 10 Science, several key topics are crucial for understanding how organisms manage various functions. The nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, plays a vital role in transmitting signals and coordinating responses. Understanding reflex actions—automatic responses to stimuli—is also important, as they demonstrate how quickly our body reacts to certain situations. Additionally, hormones and their effects on growth and behavior in humans and plants are essential concepts. Grasping these topics will not only help you in exams but also give you insight into how living organisms interact with their environment.

What is the hardest chapter in science class 10?

Many students find the chapter on Chemical Reactions and Equations to be one of the hardest in Class 10 Science. This chapter involves understanding various types of chemical reactions, balancing chemical equations, and grasping the underlying concepts of reactants and products. The abstract nature of chemical processes can be challenging, especially for those who struggle with visualizing molecular interactions. However, with consistent practice and a clear understanding of concepts, students can overcome these challenges. Other chapters, like Light and Electricity, are also considered difficult but can be managed with adequate practice and application of concepts.

Which is the most important chapter in science class 10?

While every chapter in Class 10 Science holds significance, the chapter on Life Processes is often regarded as one of the most important. It covers essential biological processes such as nutrition, respiration, transport, and excretion in living organisms. Understanding these fundamental life processes is crucial as they form the basis for many advanced topics in biology. Additionally, the concepts learned here are not only vital for the board exams but also provide a foundation for higher studies in the field of life sciences. Mastery of this chapter will significantly enhance your overall comprehension of biology and its relevance to everyday life.