Table of Contents
Joints
Types of Joints:
A joint is the site of a synovial cavity where two bones meet. The cavity is filled with synovial fluid, which nourishes and lubricates the cartilage that covers the bones. The articular cartilage is a smooth, white tissue that allows the bones to move easily against each other. The joint capsule is a tough, fibrous membrane that surrounds the joint and helps to hold the bones in place. The synovium is a thin layer of tissue that lines the joint capsule and secretes synovial fluid.
The knee, hip, and shoulder are all examples of joints.
Types of Joints – Classifications
There are three types of joints:
- Synarthroses are joints that are immovable, such as those between the bones of the skull.
- Amphiarthroses are joints that are slightly movable, such as the joints between the vertebrae in the spine.
- Diarthroses are joints that are freely movable, such as the joints in the fingers and toes.
The Topic – Types of Joints Contains the Following Subtopics:
1. Hinge Joint
2. Ball and Socket Joint
3. Gliding Joint
4. Saddle Joint
5. Condyloid Joint
6. pivot Joint
7. ellipsoid Joint
1. Hinge Joint: A hinge joint is a type of joint that allows a certain degree of movement in one plane. The hinge joint is found in the knee and elbow.
2. Ball and Socket Joint: A ball and socket joint is a type of joint that allows a great degree of movement in all directions. The ball and socket joint is found in the shoulder and hip.
3. Gliding Joint: A gliding joint is a type of joint that allows a limited degree of movement in all directions. The gliding joint is found in the fingers and toes.
4. Saddle Joint: A saddle joint is a type of joint that allows a limited degree of movement in all directions. The saddle joint is found in the thumb.
5. Condyloid Joint: A condyloid joint is a type of joint that allows a limited degree of movement in all directions. The condyloid joint is found in the wrist.
6. pivot Joint: A pivot joint is a type of joint that allows a limited degree of movement in one plane. The pivot joint is found in the ankle.
7. ellipsoid Joint: An ellipsoid joint is a type of
Classification of Joints
Joints are classified according to their structure and their ability to move.
Structural classification of joints:
1. Synarthrosis joints: These are joints that are held together by fibrous connective tissue and are immovable. Examples are the joints between the bones in the skull.
2. Amphiarthrosis joints: These are joints that are held together by cartilage and are slightly movable. Examples are the joints between the vertebrae in the spine.
3. Diarthrosis joints: These are joints that are held together by a joint capsule and are freely movable. Examples are the joints in the arms and legs.
Functional classification of joints:
1. Plane joints: These joints are flat and allow only a gliding motion. Examples are the joints between the carpal and metacarpal bones in the hand.
2. Hinge joints: These joints are like a door hinge and allow a back and forth motion. Examples are the joints in the elbows and knees.
3. Pivot joints: These joints allow a rotation motion. An example is the joint between the radius and ulna in the forearm.
4. Ball and socket joints: These joints allow for a wide range of motion. An example is the hip joint.
Structural Classification of Joints
There are three types of structural classification of joints:
1. fibrous joints
2. cartilaginous joints
3. synovial joints
Structure of a Synovial Joint
A synovial joint is a type of joint that is found in the body. The synovial joint is a freely movable joint that is surrounded by a capsule. The capsule is a thin layer of tissue that surrounds the joint and helps to keep the joint lubricated. The synovial joint is also surrounded by a synovium. The synovium is a layer of tissue that secretes a fluid that helps to lubricate the joint. The synovial joint is held together by ligaments. The ligaments are a series of tissues that hold the bones together and help to keep the joint in place.
Types of Joints in the Human Body
There are three types of joints in the human body:
1. Synovial Joints
Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. They are found in the arms, legs, and spine. They are named for the synovial membrane, a thin layer of tissue that surrounds the joint and secretes a lubricating fluid.
Synovial joints are held together by ligaments, which are bands of tough tissue that connect the bones. The ligaments provide stability to the joint and keep the bones from rubbing against each other.
The synovial membrane also produces synovial fluid, which is a thick, sticky substance that lubricates the joint and helps to reduce friction.
2. Cartilaginous Joints
Cartilaginous joints are found in the ears and between the vertebrae in the spine. They are held together by cartilage, a tough, flexible connective tissue.
Cartilaginous joints are not as movable as synovial joints, but they are more flexible and provide more shock absorption.
3. Fibrous Joints
Fibrous joints are the most stable type of joint. They are found in the skull and between the bones of the ribcage.
Fibrous joints are held together by dense connective tissue called fascia. The fascia is very strong and does not allow much movement between the bones
Functional Classification of Joints
A joint is a place in the body where two bones meet. Joints are classified by their type of movement.
- Synarthrosis joints- These joints are fixed and do not move. The skull and spinal column have synarthrosis joints.
- Amphiarthrosis joints- These joints are slightly movable. The hip and shoulder are examples of amphiarthrosis joints.
- Diarthrosis joints- These joints are freely movable. The knee and elbow are examples of diarthrosis joints.
