Class 12 Biology Plant Tissue Culture MCQ

Plant Tissue Culture MCQ: Plant tissue culture is a vital topic covered in the CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus and holds immense importance for students preparing for NEET Biology MCQs. This cutting-edge technique focuses on the in-vitro cultivation of plant cells, tissues, or organs in a controlled and sterile environment. By leveraging the principle of totipotency, it facilitates rapid micropropagation, development of disease-resistant plants, and conservation of rare species. Mastering this topic through multiple-choice questions enhances conceptual clarity and prepares students to excel in competitive exams like NEET while aligning with the latest CBSE curriculum.

Plant Tissue Culture MCQ

Plant tissue culture is a crucial technique in biotechnology, primarily covered in the Class 12 Biology syllabus. It involves growing plant cells or tissues in a controlled environment, utilizing the concept of totipotency, where a single plant cell can regenerate into a whole plant. Key topics in this chapter include different types of tissue culture like callus and meristem culture, the preparation of media such as Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, and the application of these techniques in areas like crop improvement and plant conservation. Examples include the production of disease-free banana plants, mass propagation of roses, and the development of pest-resistant Bt cotton. Understanding these concepts is essential for exams like CBSE and NEET Biology, making it an important area of focus for students.

Plant Tissue Culture MCQs with Answers

1. Which of the following is the primary hormone used to induce callus formation in plant tissue culture?
A. Cytokinin
B. Auxin
C. Gibberellin
D. Abscisic Acid
Answer: B. Auxin

2. What is the term for the capacity of plant cells to develop into an entire organism?
A. Pluripotency
B. Multipotency
C. Totipotency
D. Unipotency
Answer: C. Totipotency

3. Which sterilizing agent is commonly used to disinfect explants in plant tissue culture?
A. Ethanol
B. Sodium hypochlorite
C. Mercury chloride
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above

4. What is the commonly used nutrient medium for plant tissue culture?
A. LB medium
B. PDA medium
C. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium
D. EMB medium
Answer: C. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium

5. Which carbohydrate is most often used as a carbon source in plant tissue culture media?
A. Fructose
B. Sucrose
C. Maltose
D. Glucose
Answer: B. Sucrose

6. What is the purpose of adding agar to the culture medium?
A. As a nutrient source
B. To provide a solid support
C. To adjust pH
D. To sterilize the medium
Answer: B. To provide a solid support

7. Somatic embryogenesis refers to the formation of embryos from:
A. Gametic cells
B. Vegetative cells
C. Zygotic cells
D. None of the above
Answer: B. Vegetative cells

8. What is the role of cytokinin in plant tissue culture?
A. Stimulates root formation
B. Promotes shoot proliferation
C. Inhibits cell division
D. Enhances somatic embryogenesis
Answer: B. Promotes shoot proliferation

9. Protoplasts are cells without:
A. Nucleus
B. Cytoplasm
C. Cell wall
D. Membrane
Answer: C. Cell wall

10. Which of the following is a method for sterilizing the culture medium?
A. Filtration
B. Autoclaving
C. UV irradiation
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above

11. In plant tissue culture, the term “explant” refers to:
A. A part of the plant used for culture
B. The nutrient medium
C. A chemical additive
D. A sterilization technique
Answer: A. A part of the plant used for culture

12. Hairy root culture is induced by which bacterium?
A. Agrobacterium tumefaciens
B. Rhizobium radiobacter
C. Agrobacterium rhizogenes
D. Escherichia coli
Answer: C. Agrobacterium rhizogenes

13. Which of the following is a synthetic auxin used in plant tissue culture?
A. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)
B. Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)
C. Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above

14. What is cryopreservation in the context of plant tissue culture?
A. Drying plant tissues for storage
B. Storing plant tissues in liquid nitrogen
C. Sterilizing plant tissues
D. Culturing plants at high temperatures
Answer: B. Storing plant tissues in liquid nitrogen

15. Micropropagation is commonly used for:
A. Genetic modification
B. Rapid clonal multiplication
C. Producing hybrid seeds
D. Inducing mutations
Answer: B. Rapid clonal multiplication

16. The addition of which hormone promotes root formation in tissue culture?
A. Cytokinin
B. Gibberellin
C. Auxin
D. Ethylene
Answer: C. Auxin

17. What is the term for the ability of a single plant cell to regenerate into a whole plant?
A. Differentiation
B. Dedifferentiation
C. Competency
D. Totipotency
Answer: D. Totipotency

18. Which gas is commonly used in tissue culture for maintaining an aseptic environment?
A. Nitrogen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Oxygen
D. Ethylene
Answer: B. Carbon dioxide

19. Organogenesis refers to the:
A. Formation of somatic embryos
B. Development of organs like roots and shoots
C. Synthesis of new tissues
D. Formation of callus
Answer: B. Development of organs like roots and shoots

20. Which technique is used for large-scale production of secondary metabolites in plant tissue culture?
A. Somatic hybridization
B. Suspension culture
C. Anther culture
D. Cryopreservation
Answer: B. Suspension culture

21. Callus culture is generally initiated from:
A. Leaf explants
B. Root tips
C. Shoot meristem
D. Any plant tissue
Answer: D. Any plant tissue

22. The pH of the plant tissue culture medium is usually adjusted to:
A. 3.5
B. 5.8
C. 7.0
D. 8.5
Answer: B. 5.8

23. Which is a common contamination issue in plant tissue culture?
A. Bacteria
B. Fungi
C. Yeast
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above

24. Which plant was first successfully cloned using tissue culture techniques?
A. Tobacco
B. Carrot
C. Maize
D. Cotton
Answer: B. Carrot

25. In vitro conservation is best achieved by:
A. Organogenesis
B. Somatic embryogenesis
C. Cryopreservation
D. Micropropagation
Answer: C. Cryopreservation

26. Which light source is commonly used in plant tissue culture labs?
A. Sunlight
B. Fluorescent light
C. LED light
D. Incandescent light
Answer: B. Fluorescent light

27. Why is activated charcoal sometimes added to the culture medium?
A. To provide nutrients
B. To absorb toxic compounds
C. To enhance root growth
D. To sterilize the medium
Answer: B. To absorb toxic compounds

28. Somaclonal variation occurs due to:
A. Genetic mutations during tissue culture
B. Hormonal imbalance
C. Improper sterilization
D. Use of contaminated medium
Answer: A. Genetic mutations during tissue culture

29. Which of the following is NOT a component of MS medium?
A. Sucrose
B. Agar
C. Growth hormones
D. Proteins
Answer: D. Proteins

30. Which plant tissue culture technique is used for virus elimination?
A. Callus culture
B. Shoot tip culture
C. Suspension culture
D. Protoplast culture
Answer: B. Shoot tip culture

Benefits of Solving Plant Tissue Culture MCQ

• Reinforces Knowledge: Helps reinforce understanding of key topics such as totipotency, tissue culture methods, and media preparation.
• Enhances Problem-Solving Skills: Develops the ability to solve real-world biological problems related to plant cloning and genetic modification.
• Improves Recall and Application: Tests your ability to recall and apply theoretical concepts in practical situations.
• Boosts Confidence: Regular practice builds confidence and reduces exam anxiety.
• Prepares for Competitive Exams: Helps in preparing for CBSE exams and other competitive exams like NEET.
• Improves Time Management: Helps improve speed and accuracy, which are essential for exam performance.