Informatics Practices Class 12 Important Questions Chapter 15 E-Services and ICT

 

Informatics Practices Class 12 Important Questions Chapter 15 E-Services and ICT

1 Mark Questions

Question 1.
Define e-Learning. Give one popularly used website of e-Learning. (Delhi 2014)
Answer:
e-Learning refers to using electronic applications and processes to learn. e-Learning applications include web-based learning, computer-learning, virtual classrooms and digital collaboration. One popular website of e-Learning is w3schools.com.

Question 2.
Define e-Business. Name one popularly used e-Business website. (All India 2014)
Answer:
e-Business means conducting business on Internet. It includes not only sale and purchase of goods through Internet but also servicing customers and collaborating with business partners. One more popularly used e-Business website. Shopping.indiatimes.com

Question 3.
What social impact does e-Governance has on society? (Delhi 2012; All India 2012)
Answer:
Impact of e-Governance on society:

• It improves the efficiency of administration and service delivery.
• It reduced waiting time.

Question 4.
Write two important features of e-Business. Give two most commonly used e-Business Sites. (Delhi 2012)
Answer:
Features of e-Business:

• It improves speed of response.
• It reduces cost.

Two most commanly used e-Business sites:

1. www.ebay.in
2. www.dell.in

Question 5.
How is e-Commerce beneficial to businessmen? Write one point. (HOTS; Delhi 2011C)
Answer:
e-Commerce advantage is acquisition of new customers and increased sales.

Question 6.
What is impact of e-Learning sites on students process? (Delhi 2011)
Answer:
The impact of e-Learning sites on students process are:

• Students get current updation on these sites, which is not possible through books.
• Family interaction may increase.
• e-Learning sites make students learning more fast with the help of diagram and example.
• Students are more engaged and able to develop latest skills.

Question 7.
Use of e-Governance has its social and economic impacts. Justify. (Delhi 2014)
Answer:
Social impacts of e-Governance Many projects have been developed to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in terms of time frame. Due to those applications, processes have become automated and therefore require less time.

Economic impacts of e-Governance Cost reduction, budget savings, growth of tax revenues and improved customer service are some major economic impacts of e-Governance on the society.

Question 8.
How does e-Governance help in reducing corruption? Write two points. (All India 2014; Delhi 2012C, 2011C)
Answer:
e-Governance can help reducing corruption. Two points are as follows:

1. By making some departments online like customs, income tax, sales tax and property tax, so that citizens and businesses can directly communicate with them, resulting in reduced corruption as these departments are perceived to be more corrupt.
2. e-Governance can lead to centralise data, which can be used for improving audits and analysis.

Question 9.
Write three important features of e-Governance. Give URL of one of the commonly used e-Governance portals. (Delhi 2011; All India 2011)
Answer:
Three important features of e-Governance are as follows:

• It has helped to reduce cost of services.
• It ensures that information is easily available to all citizens.
• It has reduced waiting time for any work to be done.

One of the commonly used e-Governance portal is http:Wlndianarmy.nic.in

2 Marks Questions

Question 10.
How is e-Business beneficial to shopkeepers? Write tWO points? (All India 2014C)
Answer:

• It promote the shopkeeper’s product globally,
• It allows 24 x 7 accesses to the shop’s products and services.

Question 11.
Write two advantages of e-Learning sites. (Delhi 2011; All India 2011)
Answer:
Two advantages of e-Learning sites are as follows:

• It eliminates distance problems.
• Opportunity to learn almost anytime.

Question 12.
What do you understand by e-Governance?
Answer:
e-Governance refers to electronic governance.
The word electronic in the term e-Governance implies technology driven governance. e-Governance is the application of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) for delivering government services, exchange of information communication transactions, integration of various stand-alone systems and services between Govemment-to-Citizens (G2C), Government-to-Business(G2B), Government-to-Govemment (G2G) as well as back office processes and interactions within the entire government framework.

Question 13.
What do you understand by electronic business?
Answer:
Electronic business, commonly referred to as ‘E-Business’ or ‘e-Business’, or an Internet business, may be defined as the application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in support of all the activities of business.

Commerce constitutes the exchange of products and services between businesses, groups and individuals and can be seen as one of the essential activities of any business. Electronic commerce focuses on the use of ICT to enable the external activities and relationships of the business with individuals, groups and other businesses.

Question 14.
Define e-Learning.
Answer:
e-Learning is commonly referred to the intentional use of networked information and communications technology in teaching and learning. A number of other terms are also used to describe this mode of teaching and learning.

Question 15.
Differentiate between e-Governance and e-Government.
Answer:
The difference between e-Governance and e-Government can be described as Government’s foremost job is to focus society on achieving the public interest. Governance is a way of describing the links between government and its broader political, social and administrative environment.

4 Marks Questions

Question 16.
(i) How has popularity of e-Business benefited a common man? Write domain name of one popular e-Business site as an example.
(ii) Give domain names of two most commonly used e-Commerce site. (HOTS; Delhi 2013)
Answer:
(i) Benefits of e-Business:

• The reductions in transaction and other costs.
• Un-shorted supply chain.
• Improved customer service.
• Increased productivity/efficiency.
• Access to international markets. E.g., one e-Business site is www.ebay.in.

(ii) Domain names of two most commonly used e-Commerce sites:

• www.dell.in
• www.shopping.indiatimes.com

Question 17.
Write the challenges of e-Governance with specific focus to India.
Answer:
Lack of Integrated Services Most of the e-Governance services being offered by state or central governments are not integrated. This can mainly be attributed to lack of communication between different departments. So the information that resides with one department has no or very little meaning to some other department of government.

Lack of Key Persons e-Governance projects lack key persons, not only from a technological aspect, but from other aspects as well. Population This is probably the biggest challenge. Apart from being an asset to the country it offers some unique issues.
Establishing Person Identities There is no unique identity of a person in India.

Apart from this, measuring the population, keeping the database of all Indian nationals (& keeping it updated) are some other related challenges. Different Languages A challenge due to the diversity of the country. It enforces need to do governance (up to certain level), in local languages. Ensuring e-Governance in local language is a big task to achieve.

Question 18.
What is the national e-Governance plan?
Answer:
The national e-Governance plan (2003-2007) of Indian government seeks to lay the foundation and provide the impetus for long-term growth of e-Governance within the country. The plan seeks to create the right governance and institutional mechanisms, set-up the core infrastructure and policies and implement a number of mission mode projects at the center, state and integrated service levels to create a citizen-centric and business-centric environment for governance.

In 2005, the World Bank signaled its willingness to increase funding further (if required) for a range of e-Governance initiatives in India as part of the first phase of the country’s National e-Governance Plan (NeGP).

Question 19.
What are the main focus point of National e-Governance plan?
Answer:
The main focus of National e-Governance Plan is on following points:

• Adequate weightage must be given for quality and speed of implementation in procurement procedures for IT services.
• Incorporation of a suitable system of incentivisation of states to encourage adoption.
• The trend of delivery of services through common service centres should be encouraged and promoted.
• Wherever possible, services should be outsourced.
• The full potential for private sector investment should be exploited.
• Connectivity should be extended up to block level through NICNET/SWANs.
• NeGP also envisages significant investments in areas such as government process re-engineering, capacity building, training, assessment and awareness.

The plan is to be executed over a four-year period. An apex committee under the Cabin Secretary is already in place for providing the strategic direction and management oversight.

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