NCERT Solutions For Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 2 From Trade to Territory The Company Establishes Power

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 History Chapter 2 – From Trade to Territory: Chapter 2 of Class 8 Social Science History, titled “From Trade to Territory: The Company Establishes Power”, explains how the British East India Company slowly became the ruler of large parts of India. This chapter is important for understanding the early stages of British control and how trade turned into full political power. Our Class 8 History Chapter 2 solutions are designed to help students easily understand the key events and concepts such as the Battle of Plassey, the role of nawabs, the rise of British power, and the policies they followed to expand their territory.

This page offers Class 8 History Chapter 2 question answer formats in simple language, helping students grasp the ideas clearly. Whether you’re preparing for exams or revising the chapter, our Class 8 History Chapter 2 PDF version is perfect for studying anytime and anywhere. We also provide Class 8 History Chapter 2 extra questions and answers for deeper practice and better preparation. These include very short questions and answers, long answers, and Class 8 History Chapter 2 MCQ (multiple choice questions), covering all important parts of the chapter.

Students looking for Class 8 History Chapter 2 from Trade to Territory question answer sets or a printable format can download our Std 8 History Chapter 2 questions and answers PDF. Each solution is created according to the NCERT guidelines to match the latest CBSE Syllabus for class 8 Social Science curriculum. Our Class 8 History Chapter 2 solutions make learning easier and more effective by breaking down complex topics into easy-to-understand points.

These solutions are helpful for homework, school exams, and final revisions. With clear explanations, well-organized answers, and additional question sets, students can build strong foundations in history. Whether you are revising at home or need help with a difficult question, these solutions offer everything you need to score well.

NCERT Class 8 History Chapter 2 PDF Questions with Answers

Class 8 History Chapter 2, titled “From Trade to Territory: The Company Establishes Power”, helps students understand how the British came to rule India. This chapter is an important part of the CBSE Class 8 Social Science Syllabus and explains how a trading company slowly gained political control.

To make learning easier, we provide Class 8 History Chapter 2 question answer sets in a simple format. You can download the full Class 8 History Chapter 2 PDF and practice all important topics. Our easy-to-read Class 8 History Chapter 2 questions and answers PDF is perfect for revision and exam preparation. These answers are based on the NCERT textbook and are useful for homework and class tests.

NCERT Class 8 History Chapter 2 PDF Questions with Answers

NCERT Solutions For Class 8 History Social Science Chapter 2 – Question with Answers

Below are all the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 History Chapter 2 questions present in NCERT books:

Question: Match the following:

Answer:

Question: Fill in the blanks:

1. The British conquest of Bengal began with the Battle of ___________.
2. Haidar Ali and Tipu Sultan were the rulers of ___________.
3. Dalhousie implemented the Doctrine of ___________.
4. Maratha kingdoms were located mainly in the ___________ part of India.

Answer:

1. Plassey
   
2. Mysore
3. Lapse
4. Western

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 7 Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation

Question: State whether true or false:

(a) The Mughal Empire became stronger in the eighteenth century.

Ans. False

(b) The English East India Company was the only European company traded with India.

Ans. False

(c) Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the ruler of Punjab.

Ans. True

(d) The British did not introduce administrative changes to conquered territories.

Ans. False

Class 8 Notes for All Subjects

Question: What attracted European trading companies to India?

1. The fine quality of cotton and silk produced in India had a big European market.
2. Pepper, cloves, cardamom, and cinnamon were in great demand. These attracted European Trading Companies.

Question: What were the areas of conflict between the Bengal nawabs and the East India Company?

1. After the death of Aurangzeb, the Bengal Nawabs asserted their power and autonomy.
2. They refused to grant the company concessions and demanded large tributes for the company’s right to trade.
3. They denied the right to mint coins.
4. Nawabs even stopped the Company from extending fortifications.

Question: How did the assumption of Diwani benefit the East India Company?

Answer: The assumption of Diwani benefited the East India Company in the following way.

1. In 1765 the Mughal emperor appointed the company as the Diwani of the provinces of Bengal.
2. The Diwani allowed the company to use the vast revenue resources of Bengal.
3. The outflow of gold and silver the company imported to buy goods in India was stopped.
4. The revenue from Bengal could be used to purchase cotton and silk textiles in India.
5. The revenue helped the company maintain its troops and meet the cost of building forts and Company offices.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 1 How, When and Where

Question: Explain the system of “subsidiary alliance.”

1. Under the system of ‘subsidiary alliance,’ Indian rulers were not allowed to have independent armed forces.
2. They were to be protected by the Company but had to pay for the subsidiary forces that the company was supposed to maintain for this protection.
3. If the Indian rulers failed to make the payment, then part of their territory was taken away as a penalty.
4. The states which had to lose their territories on this ground were Awadh and Hyderabad.
5. How was the Company’s administration different from that of Indian rulers?
6. The Company made a proper system of administration. The Indian rulers did not have a proper system of administration.
7. British territories were broadly divided into administrative units called Presidencies. Whereas the Indian kingdom was divided into provinces.
8. The supreme head of the British administration was the Governor General. Whereas the supreme head of the Indian administration was King.
9. A new system of justice was established under British rule.
10. Each district has two courts – a criminal court (faujdari Adalat) and a civil court (Diwani Adalat).
11. The Company took suggestions from pundits and maulvis before making new criminal and civil case laws. The Indian rulers seldom thought about respecting local sensibilities before making any rule.
12. Describe the changes that occurred in the composition of the Company’s army.
13. The Company recruited the peasants into the army and trained them as professional soldiers.
14. It came to be known as the sepoy army.
15. As warfare technology changed from the 1820s, the cavalry requirements of the company’s army declined.
16. Soldiers of the Company army had to keep pace with the changing requirements of the military, so its infantry regiment became more important.
17. In the early nineteenth century, the British developed a uniform military culture.
18. Soldiers were increasingly subjected to European-style training, drill, and discipline that regulated their life far more than before.

Question: After the British conquest of Bengal, Calcutta grew from a small village to a big city. Discover the city’s culture, architecture, and life of Europeans and Indians during the colonial period.

Answer: Indians were influenced by British culture, architecture, and lifestyle.

1. Culture: British influence began.
2. Architecture: Influenced by British Architecture (fortification of the city, churches, etc.). Rich Indians started constructing bungalows in the English style.
3. Life: English education and English clothes became to be popular.

Question: Collect pictures, stories, poems, and information about the Rani of Jhansi, Mahadji Sindhia, Haidar Ali, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Lord Dalhousie, or any other contemporary ruler of your region.

Rani of Jhansi

Lakshmibai was born probably on 19 November 1828 in the holy town of Varanasi in a Marathi brahmin family. Her father was Moropant Tambe. Her father worked for a court in Peshwa of Bithoor district. Peshwa brought Manikarnika up like his own daughter. The Peshwa called her “Chhabili,” which means “playful.”

She was educated at home and was more independent in her childhood than others of her age; her studies included archery, horsemanship, and self-defense.

Rani Lakshmibai was accustomed to riding on horseback accompanied by a small escort between the palace and the temple. The Rani Mahal, the place of Rani Lakshmibai, has now been converted into a museum. She died, fighting British Army bravely to save her state Jhansi.

Mahadaji Shinde

Srikanth Mahadji Shinde (also spelled as Mahadji Scindia) was a Maratha statesman known for his crucial role in resurrecting Maratha power following the disastrous Third Battle of Panipat in 1761

Between 1742 and 1761, he would undertake many more campaigns in Northern India. These campaigns would bring regions such as Malwa, Rajputana, Rohilkhand, Bundelkhand, etc., under the Maratha Empire.

His role during the ‘First Anglo-Maratha War was greatest from the Maratha side since he humbled the British in Central India single-handedly, which resulted in the Treaty of Salbai in 1782, where he mediated between the Peshwa and the British.

Hyder Ali Of Mysore

Hyder Ali was a Muslim ruler of the Mysore princely state and military commander who played an important part in the wars in southern India in the mid-18th century.

He offered anti-colonial solid resistance against the military advances of the British East’India Company during the First and Second Anglo-Mysore Wars, and he was the innovator of military use of the ‘iron-cased Mysorean rockets.

Maharaja Ranjit Singh

Ranjit Singh was born to Sardar Maha Singh and Raj Kaur on 13 November 1780, in Gujranwala, Punjab (now in Pakistan). As a child, he suffered from smallpox, resulting in one eye loss. At the time, much of Punjab was ruled by the Sikhs under a Confederate Sarbat Khalsa system, which had divided the territory among factions known as misls. Ranjit Singh’s father was the commander of the Sukerchakia Misl and controlled a territory in west Punjab based around his headquarters at Gujranwala.

In 1799, Ranjit Singh captured Lahore (now in Pakistan) from the Bhangi Misl and later made it his capital. This was the first important step in his rise to power. He brought the whole of central Punjab from the Sutlej to the Jhelum in the following years under his sway. This area includes north of Satluj (Jullundhar, Amritsar, Pathankot, etc.); and Lahore, Multan, etc. of Pakistan.

Lord Dalhousie

Lord Dalhousie, Governor-General of India from 1848 to 1856 .. He introduced the Doctrine of Lapse policy which turned out to be one of the major causes of the Revolt of 1857.

In India, he was famous for various negative and positive reasons.
Positive:

1. Railway started in 1853 A.D. for the first time between Bombay and Thane.
2. I am starting with postal and telegraph services in India.
3. I am starting with widow remarriage in 1856 A.D.
4. Completion of Ganges Canal.
5. Reform in Indian civil services.

Negative

1. East India Company captured the princely state of Punjab in 1849 A.D.
2. Second Anglo-Burmese War.
3. The doctrine of Lapse (Most Controversial).
4. Annexation of Awadh.

NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science History Our Pasts III

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 History Social Science Chapter 2: From Trade to Territory

Class 8 History Chapter 2 – Long Answer Questions

Question 1: Explain the process of British East India Company’s expansion in India from a trading company to a territorial power. How did it manage to establish its rule over India?

Answer:

The British East India Company initially came to India as a trading company with the primary objective of buying and selling goods such as spices, cotton, silk, and tea. However, over time, it transformed from a mere trading entity into a powerful territorial ruler through various means:

• Early Trade and Establishments: The Company established its first factory in Surat in 1612 and gradually set up trading posts in Madras, Bombay, and Calcutta. They received farmans (permissions) from local rulers to carry out trade without paying customs duties.
• Conflict with Local Rulers: The Company often found itself in conflict with local rulers over trading rights and privileges. The most notable early conflict was the Battle of Plassey in 1757, where Robert Clive led the Company’s forces to victory against the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daula. This victory marked the beginning of British political and military control in India.
• Expansion through Battles: The Company further expanded its territory through a series of battles and wars. Key battles included the Battle of Buxar (1764), which solidified British control over Bengal, and the Anglo-Mysore Wars against Tipu Sultan, leading to the annexation of Mysore. The Anglo-Maratha Wars resulted in the defeat of the Marathas, and the Anglo-Sikh Wars led to the annexation of Punjab.
• Subsidiary Alliances and Doctrine of Lapse: The British used diplomatic policies to expand their control. The Subsidiary Alliance system, introduced by Lord Wellesley, forced Indian rulers to accept British troops within their states and to pay for their upkeep. This often led to the rulers losing their independence. The Doctrine of Lapse, implemented by Lord Dalhousie, allowed the British to annex any princely state where the ruler died without a direct heir.
• Administrative and Military Reforms: The Company reorganized its administration and military to strengthen its control. It created a structured administrative system with British officials at the top and Indian officials at the lower levels. The military was also reorganized, with a strong presence of British officers and disciplined Indian sepoys.
• Economic Exploitation: The British East India Company exploited India’s resources for their own benefit. They imposed heavy taxes on Indian peasants and monopolized trade in various goods, which led to economic hardships for the local population but enriched the Company.

Through a combination of military strength, strategic alliances, and economic policies, the British East India Company managed to establish and expand its rule over large parts of India, eventually leading to the establishment of British colonial rule after the Revolt of 1857.

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Question 2: Describe the significance of the Battle of Plassey in the establishment of British control over India. What were the key factors that led to the British victory, and what were its consequences?

Answer:

The Battle of Plassey, fought on June 23, 1757, was a decisive event in the establishment of British control over India. It marked the beginning of British political and military dominance in India. The battle was fought between the British East India Company, led by Robert Clive, and the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daula.

• Key Factors Leading to British Victory:
  • Betrayal by Mir Jafar: The most crucial factor was the betrayal by Mir Jafar, the commander of Siraj-ud-Daula’s army. Mir Jafar was promised the position of Nawab by the British in exchange for his support. During the battle, he withheld his troops, leading to the defeat of Siraj-ud-Daula.
  • Superior Military Tactics: The British, led by Robert Clive, used superior military tactics and had better training and discipline compared to the Nawab’s forces. They effectively utilized their artillery and strategic positioning.
  • Financial Resources: The British East India Company had substantial financial resources, allowing them to bribe key officials and secure the support of local merchants and bankers.
  • Intelligence and Planning: The British had better intelligence and planning. They knew the weaknesses of Siraj-ud-Daula’s army and capitalized on internal dissent within his ranks.
• Consequences of the Battle of Plassey:
  • Control Over Bengal: The victory at Plassey gave the British East India Company control over the rich province of Bengal. This provided them with immense resources and revenue, which were used to finance further expansion.
  • Political Dominance: The battle marked the beginning of British political dominance in India. The British installed Mir Jafar as a puppet Nawab, allowing them to control the administration and resources of Bengal indirectly.
  • Economic Exploitation: The British exploited Bengal’s resources and imposed heavy taxes on the local population. This led to economic hardships for the people of Bengal but enriched the Company.
  • Military Strengthening: The revenue from Bengal allowed the British to strengthen their military presence in India. They recruited more Indian soldiers (sepoys) and equipped their forces with better weapons and training.
  • Foundation for Further Expansion: The success at Plassey laid the foundation for the British to expand their control over other parts of India. Subsequent victories in battles like Buxar (1764) further consolidated their power.
  • Shift in Power Dynamics: The battle significantly shifted the power dynamics in India. The British emerged as a formidable force, while traditional Indian rulers and powers, such as the Mughals and regional Nawabs, saw a decline in their influence and authority.

The Battle of Plassey was a turning point in Indian history, marking the start of British colonial rule. It showcased the importance of military strategy, alliances, and economic resources in establishing and maintaining control over a vast and diverse region like India.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 History Chapter 2 FAQs

What Are the essential Outlines of Chapter 2 - from Trade to Territory, the corporate Establishes Power?

During this chapter, we'll check out a quick outline of the events that gave our country's power to the British. It all began with the arrival of the Malay Archipelago Company within the East. The Malay Archipelago Company bought goods from Indians at a low price and sold them at a way higher price in Europe. In 1651, the primary English factory was found on the banks of river Hugli in Bengal. The battle of Plassey was a serious victory for the British in 1757. the method of the annexation of Indian states by the corporate from 1757 to 1857 brought forth some key aspects, just like the company rarely launched an immediate military attack on an unknown territory. After 1764, the corporate forced the states into a 'subsidiary alliance' The way to Reduce the Fear of Social Science? a number of scholars face problems while understanding History. Thus, Infinity Learn has made the topic easier to know with the assistance of its expert teachers. the simplest thanks to learn are to require a sensible forward step and download the NCERT Solutions PDF now. Our NCERT Solutions is one among the important parts of class 8 History study materials. These solutions are made with the utmost care by experienced and skilled teachers to make your exam preparation easier.

What are the topics covered in Chapter 2 of NCERT Solutions for class 8 History?

Each NCERT Class 8 History Chapter 2 is roofed within the NCERT Solutions. you'll get questions associated with topics including the Malay Archipelago company, how and once they came to the East, and once they started trading in Bengal. you'll encounter questions associated with the Battle of Buxar, Battle of Plassey, etc. These solutions will assist you in understanding the topic in a proper format with a deeper understanding.

Why should students prepare from NCERT Solutions for class 8 History Chapter 2?

History may be a difficult subject where you'll get twisted questions in your exam. So it's better to get on the safer side and practice questions during your preparations. you'll get Solutions for NCERT questions from the PDF, so you'll understand how to mold your answers to write down the right and required information asked within the question and score good marks. These solutions are available free of charge on the Infinity Learn Mobile app.

What quiet questions are important from Chapter 2 of NCERT for class 8 History from the exam point of view?

NCERT Chapter 2 Trade to Territory of class 8 History is a crucial chapter from the exam viewpoint. The weightage of this chapter is going to be high within the examination. you'll score good marks by understanding the chapter thoroughly. you'll get questions on topics like the events of the Malay Archipelago company, how and once they came to the East and began trading in Bengal, the Battle of Buxar, and, therefore, the Battle of Plassey in your exam.

Where can I find the NCERT Solutions for class 8 History Chapter 2 PDF online?

To urge a web PDF for NCERT Solutions for class 8 History Chapter 2, follow these steps: Click on NCERT Solutions for class 8 History Chapter 2. Click the Download PDF choice to download the Solutions as a PDF file. You can save this file on your device for offline use, also.

What would students learn from Chapter 2 of the NCERT textbook for class 8 History?

Chapter 2 Trade and Territory talks about the battles, wars, and lots of rulers that have taken part in it. Students will examine several battles, like the Battle of Buxar, the Battle of Plassey, and many more. This chapter mainly talks about the people of ancient centuries and the way they came to many territories to start the trading system in India. This historical data will help students understand more about the people who have fought for her freedom and how the country’s trading system was inculcated. You can successfully download the PDF of the Solutions for Chapter 2 of NCERT History Class 8 by following the steps mentioned below: First, click NCERT Solutions for class 8 science History Chapter 2 on the Infinity Learn website(infinitylearn.com). The page of Infinity Learns solutions for class 8 NCERT Solutions History Chapter 2 will open. At the highest of the page, you’ll find the “Download PDF” option on the left side. Click on the link, and your file will be downloaded within a few minutes.