To Analyse the Given Salt for Acidic and Basic Radicals

(a) Noted the colour of the given salt.

(b) Noted the smell of the salt.

No specific odour

NH₄⁺, S^2- and CH₃COO^– may be absent.

Heated a pinch of the salt in a dry test tube and noted the following observations :

(a) Gas evolved

(b) Sublimation

(c) Decrepitation

(d) Colour of the residue

No sublimate formed.

No crackling sound observed.

White

Ammonium halides, aluminium chloride, iodide may be absent.

Lead nitrate, barium

nitrate, may be absent.

Ba²⁺, Sr²⁺, Ca²⁺, Al³⁺, Mg²⁺, etc., may be present.

Mixed a pinch of the salt with double the quantity of Na₂CO₃ and heated the mixture on a charcoal cavity in the reducing flame.

etc., may be present.

To the above white residue added a drop of cobalt nitrate solution. Heated it in oxidising flame.

Prepared a paste of the salt

with cone. HCl and performed flame test.

on prolonged heating.

Did not perform this test since the given salt was white.

Treated a pinch of the salt with dil. H₂SO₄ and warmed.

To a pinch of the salt added dil. H₂SO₄ and a drop of KMnO₄ solution.

discharged.

Heated a pinch of the salt with cone, sulphuric acid and added to it a paper pellet.

(a) Copper chips test. Heated a pinch of the salt with cone, sulphuric acid and a few copper chips.

(b) Ring test. To 2-3 ml of the salt solution, added freshly pre-pared FeSO₄ solution. Then added cone, sulphuric acid along the sides of the test tube.

A dark brown ring formed at the junction of the two liquids.

NO₃^– confirmed.

Shook a pinch of the salt with water.

(Zn²⁺, Mn²⁺, Co²⁺ and Ni²⁺ absent)

(Ca²⁺, Ba²⁺, Sr²⁺ may be present)

Filtered the above white ppt. Dissolved the ppt. in hot dilute acetic acid.

(a) Pot. chromate test. To one part of the above solution, added a few drops of pot. chromate solution.

(b) Flame test. Performed flame test with the salt.

Persistent grassy green flame on prolonged heating.

Ba²⁺ confirmed

(a) Noted the colour of the

given salt.

(b) Noted the smell of the salt.

No specific odour

NH₄⁺, S^2- and CH₃COO^– may be absent.

Heated a pinch of the salt in a dry test tube and noted the following observations :

(a) Gas evolved

(b) Sublimation

(c) Decrepitation

(d) Colour of the residue

No sublimate formed.

No crackling sound observed.

Yellow when hot and white when cold

Ammonium halides, aluminium chloride, iodide may be absent.

Lead nitrate, barium

nitrate, may be absent.

Zn²⁺ may be present.

Mixed a pinch of the salt with double the quantity of Na₂CO₃ and heated the mixture on a charcoal cavity in the reducing flame.

To the above white residue added a drop of cobalt nitrate solution. Heated it in oxidising flame.

Prepared a paste of the salt

with cone. HCl and performed flame test.

Did not perform this test since the given salt was white.

Treated a pinch of the salt with dil. H₂SO₄ and warmed.

Shook a pinch of salt with water taken in test tube.

Salt did not dissolve.

Insoluble CO₃^2- indicated.

To a pinch of the salt added dil. H₂SO₄ and a drop of KMnO₄ solution.

This test was not performed as the salt reacted with dil. H₂SO₄.

Tried to dissolve the salt in water.

To the salt added dil HCl

Brisk effervescence with evolution of colourless, odourless gas which turned lime water milky.

Insoluble carbonate confirmed.

(a) Shook a pinch of the salt with water.

(b) Shook a pinch of the salt in dil. HCl.

Clear solution obtained

As the O.S. was prepared in dil. HCl

Fe³⁺, Al³⁺ absent

Dissolved the above dull white ppt. in dil HCl. Boiled off H₂S.

Divided the solution into two parts.

(a) To one part added NaOH

solution dropwise.

(b) To another part, added potassium ferrocyanide solution.

White ppt. soluble in excess of NaOH solution.

Bluish white ppt.

(Zn²⁺ present)

Zn²⁺ confirmed.

Zn²⁺ confirmed.